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Battle  of  BETH-HORON 

and  the 

Campaign  against  the 
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AMORITES. 


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JOSHUA.  X. 


35 


C.A.L.r. 


JOSHUA'S 

LONG  DAY 

AND 

THE  DIAL  OF  AHAZ. 


A  SCIENTIFIC  VINDICATION 

AND 

"A   MIDNIGHT   CRY." 


BY 

CHARLES  A.  L.  TOTTEN. 

First  Lieutenant  Fourth  Aktillert,  U.  S.  A.;  Professor  of  Military 

Science  and  Tactics,  S.  S.  S.  op  Yale  University; 

Atjthcr  op  "  Strategos; ''  "An  Important  Question;"  "Facts, 

Fancies,  Legends,  and  Lore  op  Nativity;"  Etc. 

Editor  of  "Our  Race,"  Etc. 


THE  PARABLE  OF  THE  FIG  TREE: 
"When  her  branch    is  yet  tender,  and    putteth  forth   leaves,  ye    know  that  Sumnner  is 
near :   So  ye  in   like   manner,  when  ye  shall  see  these  things  come  to  pass,  know  that  it 
is  nigh,  even  at  the  doors."     Mark  xiii.   28-29. 


NEW  HAVEN,  CONN.: 

THE  OUR  RACE  PUBLISHING  COMPANY. 

<<^^   OF  TIj 


UHITIRSIT-T)) 


ow 


Copyrighted,  1890, 

BY 

CHARLES  A.  L.  TOTTEN. 
{All  rights  reserved.) 


WORD 

TO 


'TtfB  Wise." 


Dan.  xii.  10;  Matt.  xxv.  1-13. 


"  The  Sun  and  the  Moon   stood  still  in  their 
habitation.^ ^  Hah.  Hi.  11. 


Study  No.  2 


THE  OUR  RACE  SERIES, 


THE  A^OICE  OF  HISTORY. 


TOXXK^N 


"'And  God  said  Let  there  he  lights  in  the  firma- 
ment of  the  heaven  to  divide  the  day  from  the 
night;  and  let  themhefor  signs  and  for  seasons^ 
and  for  days^  and  years  : 

And  let  them  he  for  lights  in  the  firmament 
of  the  heaven  to  give  light  upon  the  earthy  and 
it  was  so.  And  God  made  two  great  lights ;  the 
greater  light  to  rule  the  day  and  the  lesser  light 
to  rule  the  night,''''  Gen.  /.,  14-15. 


Study  Number  Two. 


THE  VOICE  OF  HISTORY. 

Joshua's  Long  Day,  and  The  Dial  of  Ahaz. 


A  Scientific  Vindication,  and  a  Midnight  Cry. 


CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

Preface, xi 

Introduction, xiii 

The  Biblical  Record, 1 

Joshua's  Long  Day, 5 

The  Shadow  on  the  Dial, 11 

The  Elements  as  Verified 17 


PART  I.— Discussion. 


PAGB 

The  Argument,  .  .  .  .23 
Secular  Corroboration,  .  .  25 
Inception  of  Problem,  .  .  27 
Reference  to  Moon  Anomalous,  31 
Real  Effect  of  Stoppage,  .  33 
Soli-Lunar  Cycles,  .  .  .36 
True  Origin  of  "Time,"  .  .  37 
The  Intercalated  Day,  .  .  38 
The  Site  Unique, 
The  Battle  Described, 
Without  Sunset,  No  Sunrise 
A  Military  Commentary, 
The  Conquest  of  Palestine, 
Corroborated  by  Eclipses, 
Verified  by  Equinoxes,  . 
Shadowed  on  the  Dial,     . 


Proved  from  the  Almanac, 
The  Apologists  Arraigned, 
The  Sword  of  Damocles,  . 
The  True  Chronology, 
Creation's  6,000  Years,      . 
Joshua,  Christ,  Columbus, 
The  Key  to  Chronology, 
The  Week  Unbroken, 
The  End  of  the  Age, 
A  Significant  Year,  . 
A  Solemn  WAR^^NG,    . 
Jewish  Irredentalism, 
The    Last    King    of    the 
Franks,    .... 
The  Controversy  of  Zion, 
A  Midnight  Cry, 


82 


85 


90 


CONTENTS. 


PART  II. — Appendices. 


PAGE 

A.  The  Book  of  Jasher,         .      95 

B.  Casual  Eclipses,  ...      97 

C.  Earliest  and  Latest  Eclipse,  97 
I).  Times  AND  Seasons  Changed,  101 
E.  Biblical   Cycles   are   all 

Astronomical,     .        .        .105 


PAGB 

F.  Chronological  Eras    Har- 

monized,      .        .        .        .110 

G.  Astronomical   Forecast 

(1891-2) 115 

U.  Caiaphas  and  Leo  XIII,     .     117 
/.  JuDAH  Homeward  Bound,  .    120 


PART  III.— Chronological  Appendices. 

PA6B 

The  Chaldee  Babylonian  Era,  Introduction, 141 

Preliminary  Chronological  Outline, 143 

Origin  of  "  Times  op  the  Gentiles," 155 

The  Chronology  of  Jeremiah  Vindicated, 175 

Preliminary  Outline, ....  179 

Chronological  Arrangement, 187 

The  End  op  the  Age, 201 

The  Conclusion  op  the  Matter,          ...               ....  209 


TABLES. 

PAGE 

The  176th  Metonio  Cycle, 69 

A.  M.,  A.  D.,  B.  C,  A.  U.  C,  Etc.,  Years  Synchronized 113 

Chronology  op  "II  Assyrian  Empire," 141 

Hoshea's  Reign  Harmonized, 145 

Opening  Chapter  op  "Times  op  the  Gentiles," 155 

Chronology  op  Jeremiah,  Opening  Chapter, 179 

'•                         "           Closing  Chapter, 187 

The  Birth-Day  of  Time, 205 

The  End  op  the  Age, 207 

General  Chart  of  the  2,520  Years 215 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 

The  Battle  op  Beth  Horon.    Military  Map,  .        .  Frontispiece 

Illustration,  Diagram  of  Astronomical  Elements,    .        .        .      page  16 

Editorials, 217 

Miscellaneous, 227 


PREFACE. 


Having  dedicated  this  Volume  in  the  spirit  of 
Matthew  xxv.  1-13,  and  of  Daniel  xii.  10,  it  is 
meet  for  me  to  preface  it  with  equal  brevity. 

What,  therefore,  I  have  to  say  may  be  sum- 
marized as  follows : 

The  Church  has  mourned  long  enough,  for 
the  World  has  not  lamented ;  it  is  on  this  ac- 
count that  I  have  "piped"  up  a  scientific  tune 
in  the  Congregation,  to  see  if  "his  terrestrial 
majesty"  will  warm  up  to  the  "dance"  (Matt, 
xi.  16-17). 

In  the  meantime  let  it  be  pointedly  stated  that 
if  any  one  shall  find  the  clear  and  simple  logic 
and  arithmetic  of  this  volume  too  forbidding  for 
even  an  effort  at  its  comprehension,  it  is  but  a 
proof  i3ositive  that  he  will  also  find  the  "Needle's 
Eye ' '  too  narrow  to  admit  even  his  own  dimen- 
sions (Mark  x.  23-27). 

In  this  study  I  have  taken  the  two  most 
doubted  texts  of  Holy  Writ  as  my  theme,  and, 
having  shown  that  they  agree  with  the  calendar, 
square  with  the  truth,  and  complement  each 
other,  I  have  endeavored  to  raise  the  alarm 
which  suits  the  hour  that  is  just  striking  upon 


Xll  PREFACE. 

the  Dial  of  the  Ages  (Isa.  xxi.  5,  11  ;  lii.  8.  Jer. 
vi.  17 ;  xxxi.  6.  Ezek.  iii.  17 ;  xxxiii.  Hab.  ii. 
1-4). 

The  earnest  response  which  has  greeted  the 
First  Study  of  the  Our  Race  Series,  has  fully  de- 
monstrated that  God  has  left  unto  himself  his 
thousands  in  Israel  who  have  not  bowed  their 
knees  to  Baal,  and  many  mouths  that  have  not 
kissed  him,  nor  lent  themselves  unto  the  delu- 
sions of  faithless  doctrines  (I.  Kings,  xix.  18). 

I  thank  them  all  for  their  numerous  letters  of 
assistance  and  encouragement,  and  submit  to 
them  that  the  hour  has  now  come  when  we  must 
spread  our  knowledge  of  Truth  Avith  one  consent, 
and  propagate  the  Midnight  Cry  !  (Luke  xii. 
35-40). 

C.  A.  L.  T. 

New  Haven,  Conn.  : 

Harvest  Moon,  Sept.,  1890,  A.  D. 


V^  0^  THE 

INTRODUCTION. 


' '  There  never  was  a  day  in  whicli  earnest  Bible 
study  was  more  necessary  than  the  present  one, 
nor  was  there  ever  a  day  in  which  so  rich  a  harvest 
stood  ready  for  the  reaping.  Most  religious 
people  are  literally  afraid  to  investigate  the 
Bible,  and  well  they  may  be  if  the  canons  of  the 
'Higher  Criticism'  are  to  guide  their  study. 
Most  of  the  laity  consider  it  to  be  beyond  their 
sphere,  and  so  far  as  '  Moses  and  the  Prophets' 
are  concerned,  even  the  clergy  almost  entirely 
neglect  them. 

"We  readily  grant  that  Sin,  Repentance,  and 
the  Gospel  of  a  Saviour  are  the  vital  '  ends '  of 
apostolic  work.  Nevertheless  we  hold  that  Christ 
and  the  Resurrection  cannot  be  successfully 
preached  in  this  age  upon  the  undermined  foun- 
dation left  by  the  Higher  Critics.  It  is  well  for 
them  if  they  can  hold  their  own  souls  within  the 
fold ;  we  question  it ;  but  be  this  as  it  may,  it  is 
the  rest  of  men  that  are  the  ones  whom  Christ 
desires  to  save,  and  tliey  have  logic  left,  and  can- 
not be  savingly  reached  by  any  other  means  than 
a  logical  exegesis  of  the  whole  Bible,  and  a 
satisfactory  explanation  of  its  inspiration  as  such, 
upon  the  basis  that  it  is    ^the  truth,  the  whole 


XIV  INTRODUCTION. 

truths  and  nothing  hut  the  truth.-  For,  not 
though  one  arose  from  the  dead,  will  men  believe^ 
unless  they  likewise  are  taught  to  believe  im- 
plicitly, and  are  made  to  understand.,  '  Moses  and 
the  Prophets.' 

' '  It  is  the  Bible  that  Atheists  and  Infidels  attack, 
— the  Old  Testament  chiefly, — for  they  are  logical, 
and  perceive  that  if  the  foundation  goes,  the 
superstructure  cannot  stand,  no  matter  how  elo- 
quently it  can  be  clothed  in  Agnostic  sermons. 
Hence  this  Old  Testament  is  our  one  and  only 
bulwark  of  defense,  and  the  Romance  of  History 
will  make  of  him  who  reads  'Moses  and  the 
Prophets'  in  the  light  of  Anglo-Saxon  facts, 
a  Gnostic  indeed,  and  one  Avho  can  fully  show 
whereon  he  stands,  and  why  he  '  knows.' 

*'  It  will  not  do  to  preach  Christ  and  deny  Moses. 
It  will  not  do  to  doubt  the  universality  of  the 
Flood,  and  ask  men  to  accept  a  Saviour  who 
alludes  to  it !  It  will  not  do  to  doubt  Joshua' s 
Long  Day,  with  the  sun  and  moon  poised  in  mid- 
heaven  while  he  fought,  and  yet  stultify  our 
hearts  with  hopes  of  a  LONGER  DAY  when  even 
sun  and  moon  will  not  be  needed  I  If  the  story  of 
Eden  and  the  Deluge,  of  Jericho  and  Joshua,  are 
myths,  or  fables,  and  not  literal  facts,  then,  to  the 
still  rational  mind,  all  that  follows  them  is  equally 
so,  and  faith,  lost  in  those  who  foretold  his 
advent,  can  never  be  savingly  and  logically  found 
again  in  Christ  and  his  apostles. 

"If,    therefore,    we   are  to  resume   our  place 


INTRODUCTION.  XV 

militantly  among  the  noble  army  of  those  who 
have  already  testified  for  Jesus  Christ  with  their 
lives  and  works,  we  must  repudiate  in  toto  this 
iniquitous  school  of  criticism,  and  recapture, 
somehow  or  other,  the  Ararat  redoubt,  replace 
the  Long  Day  in  our  scientific  chronology,  believe 
Moses  rather  than  the  Moabite  stone,  and  the 
Bible  rather  than  a  sunburned  brick  dug  up  at 
Babylon. 

"As  the  study  of  prophecy  was  impressively 
recommended  by  the  Saviour,  we  must  study  it, 
and  do  so  until  we  understand  it ;  but  in  no  wise 
may  we  dare  to  alter  it  in  jot  or  tittle ! " 

We  extract  the  foregoing  from  Study  No.  1,  of 
''  Our  Race,  Its  Origin  and  Destiny,"  as  a  fitting 
introduction  to  the  present  volume — Study  No.  2 
— which  we  send  out  to  supplement  the  work 
begun  in  the  former. 

The  times  in  which  we  live  are  rushing  too 
rapidly  to  their  culmination  to  permit  of  adding 
leaves  to  leaves,  and  smothering  simple  facts 
beneath  the  winter  garments  of  verbosity.  We, 
therefore,  make  no  apology  for  the  working 
clothes  in  which  these  notes  appear,  and  are  too 
anxious  to  see  them  in  the  hands  of  ''  Our  Race" 
to  delay  them  longer  in  our  own. 

If  those  to  whom  this  rectified  chronology  shall 
come  "can  receive  it,"  it  has  a  momentous  signi- 
ficance upon  the  "prophetic  times"  which  yet 
remain, — and  whose  abrupt  ending  is  now  appar- 
ently so  imminent. 


XVI  INTRODUCTION. 

That,  after  its  perusal,  some  at  least — "the 
wise" — may  better  understand  the  import  of 
"the  half  hour  of  silence"  (Rev.  viii.  1)  which 
has  lately  so  surprised  "the  watchers,"  the 
author  is  convinced,  and  he  will  be  satisfied  if  it 
shall '' witness^  ^  to  the  rest,  the  certainty  of  what 
will  follow  soon. 

Yet,  let  it  not  be  understood  that  the  author 
pretends  to  be  among  the  prophets  (1  Sam.  x. 
11-12,  xix.  24).  He  has  no  such  aspirations. 
But  he  does  claim  all  the  rights  and  authority 
which  pertain  to  all  who  live  in  these  latter 
generations,  whose  duty  it  is  to  study  Moses  and 
the  prophets,  and  is  determined  to  give  the 
benefit  of  some  of  his  researches  to  others  engaged 
in  the  same  absorbing  occupation,  and  so,  as  it 
were,  to  exchange  notes  with  what,  it  is  to  be 
hoped,  is  a  growing  number  of  Godly  men  who 
love  the  same  pursuit. 

The  only  foundation  upon  which  to  understand 
either  History  or  Prophecy  is  a  correct  Calendar 
of  the  "Times  and  the  Seasons,"  or  rather  tJve 
correct  Calendar,  for,  from  the  very  nature  of  Time 
there  can  be  but  one  sequence  to  it,  and  that  will 
be  a  sequence  through  which  all  the  cycles  of 
heaven  will  reverse  accurately.  Upon  such  a 
system  we  can  fairly  hope  to  work,  but  upon  no 
other.  And  upon  it  we  must  know  not  only  the 
dates  at  which  the  prophecies  of  Scripture  were 
uttered,  but  the  dates /rom  which,  and  to  which, 
they  themselves  refer,  in  order  that  we  may  in 


INTRODUCTION.  XVll 

any  sort  of  confidence  even  attempt  to  interpret 
the  "sure  word  of  prophecy"  aright. 

The  trouble  heretofore  has  been  that  we  have 
been  in  doubt  upon  each  of  these  points,  and  so 
the  valuable  labors  of  nearly  all  the  College  of 
Historico -Prophetical  Students  have  been  mere 
' '  approximations ' '  after  all. 

And  thus  "the  Church,"  which  has  waited  on 
their  efforts,  has  grown  weary  of  the  topic,  and 
has  almost  closed  the  canon  in  despair. 

Hence,  in  re-opening  the  subject,  we  shall  do 
so  ab  ovo^  and  shall  first  endeavor  to  show  that 
certain  essentials  hitherto  neglected  must  be 
faithfully  put  back  into  Israel's  chronology  in 
order  to  rectify  it,  and  thereafter  we  shall  call 
attention  to  certain  inevitable  deductions  which 
seem  to  be  at  least  portentious  enough  to  warrant 
a  renewed  appeal  unto  all  concerned. 

Yet,  be  this  as  it  may,  or  rather  let  it  strike 
others  as  it  will,  it  is  none  the  less  the  duty  of 
one  who  has  come  honestly  by  such  convictions 
as  control  the  present  writer,  and  can  show  cause 
for  his  deductions,  to  give  them  all  the  publicity 
he  can,  for  certainly  his  own  conscience  would 
not  hold  him  guiltless  did  he  conceal  such  knowl- 
edge from  his  imiDerilled  fellows — he  so  believing 
them  to  be — and  his  condemnation  could  but  be 
commensurate  with  the  magnitude  of  the  peril  as 
he  saw  it. 

The  desire  to'  rectify  the  accepted  Calendar  of 
Our  Race's  history,  by  reinstating  therein  its  two 


XVlll  INTRODUCTION. 

most  doubted  events,  has  resulted  not  only  in  a 
most  interesting  return  to  the  mere  Chronologist 
as  such,  but  has  enabled  us  to  re-write  two 
mutually  corroborating  chapters  which  commence 
together  at  the  most  important  ' '  Era ' '  of  human 
affairs,  and  run  parallel  to  each  other  long  enough 
to  demonstrate  their  accuracy. 

But  this  "Era,"  from  which  they  both  start, 
is  the  all  important  orlgine  of  the  ' '  Times  of  the 
Gentiles,"  and  if  its  beginning  is  known  its  latter 
end  may  of  course  be  calculated.  JSTow,  it  is  the 
result  of  this  calculation  which  is  so  particularly 
portentious,  for — according  to  rules  which  have 
had  the  unanimous  consent  of  all  Avho  have  ever 
devoted  themselves  to  this  deep  subject, — the 
"end  of  the  present  dispensation"  terminates 
with  the  century  now  waning,  and  ' '  the  begin- 
ning of  the  end "  dates  officially  with  the 
autumnal  Equinox  (1890  A.  D.)  with  which  the 
issue  of  this  present  volume  "happens"  to  syn- 
chronize ! 

We  were  not  present  when  the  "Times  and 
Seasons ' '  were  instituted,  but  One  was  to  whom 
their  ' '  sj^eech ' '  is  still  without  confusion,  and  it 
is  enough  for  us,  who  live  now  in  ' '  these  latter 
days,"  to  pray  that  we  may  stand  in  our  own 
"lot"  when  they  terminate.  AYlienever  that 
may  be,  it  agrees  with  faith,  and  with  human 
charity,  to  recognize  that  it  will  have  compassed 
the  last  moment  of  "Grace"  which  the  Divine 
mind  shall  deem  necessary,  and  in  the  meanwhile 


INTRODUCTION.  XIX 

it  behooves  all  wise  men  not  only  to  be  wide- 
awake, but  also  to  "  go  forth  to  meet  Him  "—and 
to  tarry  there ^  lieticeforth^  until  He  comes  ! 

It  is  the  consensus  of  the  truly  ''Christian 
world"  that  not  a  "sign"  butONE  (2Thess.  ii.)is 
now  wanting,  and  the  rest  of  the  world  is  quite 
enough  exercised,  about  they  know  not  what,  to 
demonstrate  that  "Spring ''  is  very  close  at  hand. 


' '  And  it  shall  come  to  pass  in  that  day,  saitli 
the  Lord  God,  that  I  loill  cause  the  sun  to  go 
down  at  noon,  and  I  will  darken  the  earth  in  the 
clear  day.''''  Amos  mii.  9. 


THE  BIBLICAL  RECORDS, 


THE  ELEMENTS  OF  THEIR  MODERN  VERIFICATION. 


"  Who  commandeth  the  sun  and  it  riseth  not; 
and.  sealeth  up  the  stars.'' ^  Job  ix.  7. 


THE  BIBLICAL  ACCOUNT 

OP 

JOSHUA'S     LONQ    DAY 


''The  Battle  of  Beth  Horon,"  remarks  Dean 
Stanley,  "is  one  of  the  most  important  in  the 
history  of  the  world ;  and  yet  the  very  name  of 
this  great  battle  is  far  less  known  to  most  of  us 
than  that  of  Marathon  or  Cannae."  {Diet,  of 
Bib.  art.  Beth  Horon  ;  Stanley,  p.  208). 

' '  Beth  Horon  (the  House  of  Caverns)  was  the 
name  of  two  villages,  an  upper,  and  a  "nether" 
or  lower  (Josh.  xvi.  3-5 ;  Chron.  vii.  24),  on  the 
steep  road  from  Gibeon  to  Azekah,  and  the 
Philistine  Plain,  (Josh.  x.  10-11,  1  Mace.  iii.  24), 
which  is  still  the  great  road  of  communication 
from  the  interior  of  the  country  to  the  sea-coast. 
The  two  Beth  Horons  still  survive  in  the  modern 
villages  of  Beit-ur^  el  tahta  and  el  f  oha.  On  this 
same  spot  Judas  Maccabseus  won  a  great  victory 
over  the  forces  of  Syria  under  Seron  (1  Mace.  iii. 
13-24),  and  still  later  the  Roman  army  under 
Cestius  Gallus  was  totally  cut  up  ( Josephus,  B.  11, 
19  §  8-9)."     Smith's  Old  Test.  Hist.     Dr.  Smith 


4  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

does  not  seem  to  credit  the  chief  event  of  this 
battle,  since  he  says  "The  miracle  must  be  under- 
stood as  phenomenal^  namely,  that  the  sun 
and  moon  appeared  to  the  Israelites  to  stand 
still"  (!?)  Now,  this  is  simply  begging  the 
question,  and  begging  with  it  every  other  miracle 
mentioned  in  the  Bible !  Most  commentators 
regard  the  matter  as  a  mere  quotation  from  a 
poetical  book  called  Jasher,*  and,  without  ex- 
ception, so  far  as  the  author  knows  or  can  find 
out,  the  Theological  library  of  to-day  contains  no 
volume  in  which  the  absolute  integrity  of  the 
account  is  candidly  admitted  and  fairly  argued. 

The  result  is  that  this  battle,  so  decisive  from  a 
military  stand-point,  and  marked  by  so  stupen- 
dous a  Fact  from  the  historical,  chronological 
and  astronomical  points  of  view,  has  fallen 
entirely  out  of  serious  thought,  and  now-a-days 
serves  merely  as  a  text  wherewith  to  point  the 
shaft  of  ridicule  and  doubt.  Indeed,  upon  the 
basis  of  the  generally  accepted  ' '  poetical  version ' ' 
of  this  incident,  we  much  prefer  the  out-and-out 
position  of  Renan  himself,  as  given  in  his 
"History  of  Israel"  (q.  v.),  and  with  it,  were  we 
honestly  convinced  of  the  reliability  of  that 
method  of  treating  the  Scriptures, — we  would 
logically  go  to  the  full  extreme  and  reject  its 
Divine  inspiration  in  toto.  But  the  wise  man 
cannot  do  this  ;  and  so,  to  conserve  his  reason,  he 
is  forced  to  go  down  into  the  depths  of  all  things 

*  Vide  Appendix  A. 


THE   BIBLICAL   ACCOUNT.  5 

until  the  truth  shines  out — convinced  that  it  is 
there,  if  but  with  patience  it  be  sought. 

It  is  on  this  account  that  we  deem  it  necessary 
to  preface  our  study  of  the  subject  in  hand  by 
quoting  at  length  the  Biblical  records  of  the  only 
two  alterations  of  ' '  Time ' '  which  pretend  to 
have  had  the  authority  of  Him  who  instituted 
both  it  and  the  mechanism  which  records  it.  We 
shall  then  see  what  it  is  that  our  arguments  and 
demonstrations  have  to  deal  with — an  inter- 
polated 24  hours — and  so,  with  the  theorem  fairly 
understood,  we  shall  be  fully  equipped  for  our 
task. 


JOSHUA  X. 

The  Sun  and  Moon  Stand  Stii^l.. 


CHAPTER  X.  References. 

1  Five  kings  war  against  Oibeon.  6  Joshua  rescueth  it. 

10  God  JigJiteth- against  them  wit/i  hailstones.  12  The      2554  A.M. 
sun  and  moon  stand  still  at  the  icord  of  Joshua.  16      1442b.  c. 
The  Jive  kings  are  mured  in  a  cam,   23  They  are 
brought  forth,  24  scornfully  used,   26  and  hanged. 
28  Seven  kings  more  are  conquered.  43  Joshua  re- 
turneth  to  Oilgal. 

lyrOW  it  came  to  pass,  when  Adoni-zedec  king  of 

•^'     Jerusalem,  had  heard  how  Joshua  had  taken 

Ai,  and  had  utterly  destroyed  it ;  ''as  he  had  done  to  a  Ch.  6. 21. 

Jericho  and  her  king,  so  he  had  done  to  ^  Ai  and  her  \^\^-  22. 

king  ;    and   "=  how  the  inhabitants   of  Gibeon   had  c  Ch.  9.  is, 

made  peace  with  Israel,  and  were  among  them : 


THE  VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 


e  Ver.  1. 

1.  9.  15. 


2555  A,  M. 
1441  B.  C 


f  Ch.  9.2. 


Ch.  5.  10. 
&  9.6. 


^  E*od.  15. 14,        2  That  they  -^  feared  greatly,  because  Gibeon  was 
Deut.  11. 25.      a  great  city,  as  one  of  the  ^  royal  cities,  and  because 
the  kingdom!  it  was  greater  than  Ai,  and  all  the  men  thereof  were 
mighty. 

3  Wherefore  Adoni-zedec  king  of  Jerusalem  sent 
unto  Hoham  king  of  Hebron,  and  unto  Piram  king 
of  Jarmuth,  and  unto  Japhia  king  of  Lachish,  and 
unto  Debir  king  of  Eglon,  saying, 

4  Come  up  unto  me,  and  help  me,  that  we  may 
smite  Gibeon  •.  «  for  it  hath  made  peace  with  Joshua 
and  with  the  children  of  Israel. 

5  Therefore  the  five  kings  of  the  Amorites,  the 
king  of  Jerusalem,  the  king  of  Hebron,  the  king  of 
Jarmuth,  the  king  of  Lachish,  the  king  of  Eglon, 
'  gathered  themselves  together,  and  went  up,  they 
and  all  their  hosts,  and  encamped  before  Gibeon,  and 
made  war  against  it. 

6  ^  And  the  men  of  Gibeon  sent  unto  Joshua  s  to 
the  camp  to  Gilgal,  saying,  Slack  not  thy  hand  from 
thy  servants;  come  up  to  us  quickly,  and  save  us, 
and  help  us:  for  all  the  kings  of  the  Amorites 
that  dwell  in  the  mountains  are  gathered  together 
against  us. 

7  So  Joshua  ascended  from  Gilgal,  he,  and  ^  all 
the  people  of  war  with  him,  and  all  the  mighty  men 
of  valor. 

8  T[  And  the  Lord  said  unto  Joshua,  ^  Fear  them 
not  :  for  I  have  delivered  them  into  thine  hand  ; 
^  there  shall  not  a  man  of  them  stand  before  thee. 

9  Joshua  therefore  came  unto  them  suddenly,  and 
went  up  from  Gilgal  all  night. 

10  And  the  Lord  '  discomfited  them  before  Israel, 
and  slew  them  with  a  great  slaughter  at  Gibeon, 
and  chased  them  along  the  way  that  goeth  up  "'  to 
Beth-horon,  and  smote  them  to  "  Azekah,  and  unto 
Makkedah. 

11  And  it  come  to  pass,  as  they  fled  from  before 
Israel,  and  were  in  the  going  down  to  Beth-horon, 


Monday. 


Ch.  11.  6. 
Judg.  4.  14. 


k  Ch.  1.  5. 
Tuesday. 


1  Judg.  4.  15, 

1  Sam.  7. 10, 

13. 

Pa.  18. 14. 

Isal.  2S.  21. 
m  Ch.  16.  3,  5. 
n  Ch.  15.  85. 


THE   BIBLICAL   ACCOUNT.  1 

"  that   the    Lord    cast    down    great    stones    from  o  Ps.  18. 13,  u. 

&  77  17 

heaven  upon  them  unto  Azekah,   and  they  died  :    isai.  30,  so. 

liev  16  21 

thei/  were  more  which  died  with  hailstones  than  thei/    v-    •    •    ■ 
whom  the  children  of  Israel  slew  with  the  sword. 

12  1[  Then  spake  Joshua  to  the  Lord  in  the  day  Tuesday, 
when  the  Lord  delivered  up  the  Amorites  before 

the  children  of  Israel,  and  he  said  in  the  sight  of 

Israel,  p  Sun,   ^  stand  thou  still  upon  Gibeon ;   and  p  isai.  28. 2i. 

thou,  Moon,  in  the  valley  of  i  Ajalou.  2  Heb. 

13  And  the  sun  stood  still,  and  the  moon  stayed,    ^««"«"'; 

•^       '    q  Judg.  12. 12. 
until  the  people  had  avenged  themselves  upon  their 

enemies.      ""  Is  not   this   written   in    the    book  of  r2Sam.  i,  i8. 

^Jasher?     So  the  sun  stood  still  in  the  midst  of  3  Or, 

the  upright? 
heaven,  and  hasted  not  to  go  down  about  a  whole 
day.  Tues.-Wed. 

14  And  there  was  ^  no  day  like  that  before  iter  s  See  isai.  38. 8 
after  it,  that  the  Lord  hearkened  unto  the  voice  of 

a  man  :  for  *  the  Lord  fought  for  Israel.  *Deut!^'  30 

15  ^  "  And  Joshua  returned,  and  all  Israel  with    ^^-  '^^-  ^■ 
him,  unto  the  camp  to  Gilgal. 


A  RESUME, 

DKXA.II»II«JO    THE    LEA.DING    INCIDENTS    OF^ 
THE    LONG    DAY. 


16  But  these  five  kings  fled,  and  hid  themselves  ''^"^glf^g^- 
in  a  cave  at  Makkedah.  "  ^^^^fff  ..^^^ 

17  And  it  was  told  Joshua,  saying.  The  five  kings 
are  found  hid  in  a  cave  at  Makkedah, 

18  And  Joshua  said,  Roll  great  stones  upon  the 
mouth  of  the  cave,  and  set  men  by  it  for  to  keep 
them  : 

19  And  stay  ye  not,  &m<  pursue  after  your  enemies, 

and  ■*  smite  the  hindmost  of  them  ;  suffer  them  not  4  Heb.  cut 

,     '  ^     -     off  the  tail. 

to  enter  into  their  cities  :  for  the  Lord  your  Grod 
hath  delivered  them  into  your  hand. 


THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 


X  Exod.  11.  7. 


y  Pb,  107.  40. 
&  110.  5. 
&  149.  8. 9. 
Isai.  26.  5,  6. 
Mai,  4.  3. 

z  Deut.  31.  6.  8. 
Ch.  1.  9. 

2555  A.  M. 
winter  solstice 

933,285-6. 
"Days  of  the 

World." 
aDeut.  3.  21. 
&  6. 19. 


b  Ch.  8.  29. 


933,287th  day, 
Thursday. 


c  Deut.  21,  23. 

Ch.  8.  29. 


Thursday. 


20  And  it  came  to  pass,  when  Joshua  and  the 
children  of  Israel  had  made  an  end  of  slaying  them 
with  a  very  great  slaughter,  till  they  were  con- 
sumed, that  the  rest  which  remained  of  them  entered 
into  fenced  cities. 

21  And  all  the  people  returned  to  the  camp  to 
Joshua  at  Makkedah  in  peace  :  ^  none  moved  his 
tongue  against  any  of  the  children  of  Israel. 

22  Then  said  Joshua,  Open  the  mouth  of  the  cave, 
and  bring  out  those  five  kings  unto  me  out  of  the  cave. 

23  And  they  did  so,  and  brought  forth  those  five 
kings  unto  him  out  of  the  cave,  the  king  of  Jeru- 
salem, the  king  of  Hebron,  the  king  of  Jarmuth, 
the  king  of  Lachish,  and  the  king  of  Eglon. 

24  And  it  came  to  pass ,  when  they  brought  out  those 
kings  unto  Joshua,  that  Joshua  called  for  all  the 
men  of  Israel,  and  said  unto  the  captains  of  the  men 
of  war  which  went  with  him.  Come  near,  >'put  your 
feet  upon  the  necks  of  these  kings.  And  they  came 
near,  and  put  their  feet  upon  the  necks  of  them. 

25  And  Joshua  said  unto  them,  ^  Fear  not,  nor  be 
dismayed,  be  strong  and  of  good  courage  :  for  *thus 
shall  the  Lord  do  to  all  your  enemies  against  whom 
ye  fight. 

26  And  afterward  Joshua  smote  them,  and  slew 
them,  and  hanged  them  on  five  trees  :  and  they 
^  were  hanging  upon  the  trees  until  the  evening. 

27  And  it  came  to  pass  at  the  time  of  the  going 
down  of  the  sun,  that  Joshua  commanded,  and  they 
•^took  them  down  off  the  trees,  and  cast  them  into 
the  cave  wherein  they  had  been  hid,  and  laid  great 
stones  in  the  cave's  mouth,  which  remain  until  this 
very  day. 

28  ^  And  that  day  Joshua  took  Makkedah,  and 
smote  it  with  the  edge  of  the  sword,  and  the  king 
thereof  he  utterly  destroyed,  them,  and  all  the  souls 
that  were  therein :  he  let  none  remain  :  and  he  did 
to  the  king  of  Makkedah  ^  as  he  did  unto  the  king 
of  Jericho. 


A  SUMMARY 

OF    THE 

REST    OK    THE    CAMF'AIGN 


29  Then  Joshua  passed  from  Makkedah,  and  all  2555  a.  m. 
Israel  with  him,  unto  Libnah,  and  fought  against  ^**^  ^'  ^" 
Libnah  : 

30  And  the  Lord  delivered  it  also,  and  the  king 
thereof,  into  the  hand  of  Israel  :  and  he  smote  it 
with  the  edge  of  the  sword,  and  all  the  souls  that 
were  therein  ;  he  let  none  remain  in  it  :  but  did  unto 
the  king  thereof  as  he  did  unto  the  king  of  Jericho. 

31  ^  And  Joshua  passed  from  Libnah,  and  all 
Israel  with  him,  unto  Lachish,  and  encamped 
against  it,  and  fought  against  it  : 

32  And  the  Lord  delivered  Lachish  into  the  hand 
of  Israel,  which  took  it  on  the  second  day,  and 
smote  it  with  the  edge  of  the  sword,  and  all  the 
souls  that  were  therein,  according  to  all  that  he  had 
done  to  Libnah. 

33  ^  Then  Horam  king  of  Gezer  came  up  to  help 
Lachish  ;  and  Joshua  smote  him  and  his  people, 
until  he  had  left  him  none  remaining. 

34  ^  And  from  Lachish  Joshua  passed  unto  Eglou, 
and  all  Israel  with  him  ;  and  they  encamped  against 
it,  and  fought  against  it : 

35  And  they  took  it  on  that  day,  and  smote  it 
with  the  edge  of  the  sword,  and  all  the  souls  that 
were  therein  he  utterly  destroyed  that  day,  accord- 
ing to  all  that  he  had  done  to  Lachish. 

36  And  Joshua  went  up  from  Eglon,  and  all  Israel 

with  him,  unto  **  Hebron  ;  and  they  fought  against  eSeeCh.  i4. 18. 

.^  J  to  &  &15.  13. 

it  :  Judg.  1. 10. 

37  And  they  took  it,  and  smote  it  with  the  edge 
of  the  sword,  and  the  king  thereof,  and  all  the  cities 


10  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

thereof,  and  all  the  souls  that  were  therein  ;  he  left 
none  remaining,  according  to  all  that  he  had  done 
to  Eglon  ;  but  destroyed  it  utterly,  and  all  the 
souls  that  were  therein. 

38  ^  And  Joshua  returned,  and  all  Israel  with 

f  SeeCh.15. 15.  him.  to  ^Debir  ;  and  fought  against  it  : 
Judg.  1. 11.  <=><=> 

39  And  he  took  it,  and  the  king  thereof,  and  all 

the  cities  thereof  ;  and  they  smote  them  with  the 
edge  of  the  sword,  and  utterly  destroyed  all  the 
souls  that  'Were  therein  ;  he  left  none  remaining  :  as 
he  had  done  to  Hebron,  so  he  did  to  Debir,  and  to 
the  king  thereof  ;  as  he  had  done  also  to  Libnah, 
and  to  her  king. 

40  ^  So  Joshua  smote  all  the  country  of  the  hills, 

and  of  the  south,  and  of  the  vale,  and  of  the  springs, 

and  all  their  kings  :  he  left  none  remaining,  but 

utterly  destroyed  all  that  breathed,   as  the  Lord 

g  Deut.  20. 16,     God  of  Israel  ^  commanded. 
17. 

41  And  Joshua  smote  them  from  Kadesh-barnea 
hGen.  10. 19.  even  unto  ^  Gaza,  ^  and  all  the  country  of  Goshen, 
1  Ch.  11. 16.         ^^^^  ^^^^Q  Gibeon. 

42  Aad  all  these  kings  and  their  land  did  Joshua 
k  ver.  14.           take  at  one  time,  ^  because  the  Lord  God  of  Israel 

fought  for  Israel. 

43  And  Joshua  returned,  and  all  Israel  with  him, 
unto  the  camp  of  Gilgal. 


THE  SHADOW 


XME    DIAL    OK    AMAZ. 


Sharing  the  attention  of  the  faithful,  and 
equally  demanding  that  of  the  merely  scientific, 
stands  the  complement  of  Joshua's  Long  Day, 
namely,  the  absolute  turning  back  of  the  sun  in 
the  time  of  Hezekiah.  To  reject  one  is  to  reject 
the  other  even  more  positively,  and  to  accept 
either,  logically  demands  the  recognition  of  both. 
The  latter  is  referred  to  three  times  in  the  Bible, 
and  we  quote  each  account  at  length. 


ISAIAH. 


CHAPTER    XXXVIII. 


3293  A.  M. 
1,202,744. 


1  Hezekiah,  having  received  a   message  of  death,  hy 

prayer  hath  his  life  lengthened.     8  The  sun  goetli  Day  of  the 

ten  degrees  backward,  for  a  sign  of  that  j^romise.  ■Wednesday. 

9  His  song  of  thanksgiving.  Mo.,  at 

N  *  those   days   was   Hezekiah  sick  unto  death,  a  2  Kin.  20. 

And  Isaiah  the  prophet  the  son  of  Amoz  came  2'cbr*.  32. 24. 
unto  him,  and  said  unto  him,  Thus  saith  the  Lord, 

''3  Set  thine  house  in  order  :  for  thou  shalt  die,  and  b  2  Sam.  17. 83. 

Tint  livp  ZUeh-give 

not  nve.  charge  con- 

2  Then   Hezekiah   turned   his    face   toward   the  ^fj^*^"^**^ 

wall,  and  prayed  unto  the  Lord, 


1 


12 


THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 


4Heb. 
loith  great 
weeping. 


A  Soil-Lunar 
Cycle. 


d  Ch.  37.  35. 


e  2  Kin.  20. 
8.  &c. 
Ch.  7. 11. 


.  or,  with 


c  Neh.  13. 14.  3  And  said,  ^  Remember  now,  0  Lord,  I  beseech 
thee,  how  I  have  walked  before  thee  in  truth  and 
with  a  perfect  heart,  and  have  done  that  which  is 
good  in  thy  sight.     And  Hezekiah  wept  "^sore. 

4  %  Then  came  the  word  of  the  Lord  to  Isaiah, 
saying, 

5  Go,  and  say  to  Hezekiah,  Thus  saith  the  Lord, 
the  God  of  David  thy  father,  I  have  heard  thy 
prayer,  I  have  seen  thy  tears  :  behold,  I  will  add 
unto  thy  days  fifteen  years. 

6  And  I  will  deliver  thee  and  this  city  out  of  the 
hand  of  the  king  of  Assyria  :  and  ^  I  will  defend 
this  city. 

7  And  this  shall  be  "^  a  sign  unto  thee  from  the 
Lord,  that  the  Lord  will  do  this  thing  that  he 
hath  spoken  ; 

8  Behold,  I  will  bring  again  the  shadow  of  the 
^^,^^'r^imt.t^^   degrees,   which  is  gone  done  in  the   ^  sun  dial  of 

Ahaz,  ten  degrees  backward.     So  the  sun  returned 
ten  degrees,  by  which  degrees  it  was  gone  down. 

9  ^  The  writing  of  Hezekiah  the  king  of  Judah, 
when  he  had  been  sick,  and  was  recovered  of  his 
sickness  : 

10  I  said  in  the  cutting  ofE  of  my  days,  I  shall  go 
to  the  gates  of  the  grave  :  I  am  deprived  of  the 
residue  of  my  years. 

Ill  said,  I  shall  not  see  the  Lord,  eve?i  the  Lord, 
Hn  the  land  of  the  living  :  I  shall  behold  man  no 
more  with  the  inhabitants  of  the  world. 

12  ?  Mine  age  is  departed,  and  is  removed  from  me 
as  a  shepherd's  tent  :  I  have  cut  off  like  a  weaver 
my  life  :  he  will  cut  me  off  *  with  pining  sickness  : 
from  day  even  to  night  wilt  thou  make  an  end  of 
me. 

13  I  reckoned  till  morning,  that,  as  a  lion,  so  will 
he  break  all  my  bones  :  from  day  even  to  night  wilt 
thou  make  an  end  of  me. 


the  sun. 


f  P8.  27, 13. 
&  116.  9. 


g  Job  7.  6. 


6  Or,  from 
the  tbrum. 


THE   BIBLICAL   ACCOUNT.  13 

14  Like  a  crane  or  a  swallow,  so  did  I  chatter  :  ''  I  h  Ch.  59.  ii. 
did  mourn  as  a  dove  :  mine  eyes  fail  idth  looking  up- 
ward :  O  Lord,  I  am  oppressed  :  ^  undertake  for  me.  "  Or,  ease  me. 

15  What  shall  I  say  ?  he  hath  both  spoken  unto 
me,  and  himself  hath  done  it:    I  shall  go  softly  all 

my  years  '  in  the  bitterness  of  my  soul.  i  Job  7. 11. 

16  O  Lord,  by  these  things  men  live,  and  in  all 
these  things  is  the  life  of  my  spirit  :  so  wilt  thou 
recover  me,  and  make  me  to  live. 

17  Behold,  ^for  peace  I  had  great  bitterness  :  but  sor.owmy 

^  »  peace  came 

^  thou  hast  in  love  to  my  soul  delivered  it  from  the    great  bitter- 

pit  of  corruption  :  for  thou  hast  cast  all  my  sins  9  Heb.  thou 

behind  thy  back.  myS/rom 

18  For  ^the  grave  cannot  praise  thee,  death  can  ki^feS. 
not  celebrate  thee  :  they  that  go  down  into  the  pit  |  gg.  ii_ 
cannot  hope  for  thy  truth.  Eccies!!*  10 

19  The  living,  the  living,  he   shall  praise  thee, 

as  I  do  this  day  :  '  the  father  to  the  children  shall  1  Deut.  4. 9. 
make  known  thy  truth.  Ps.'ts.  3, 4. 

20  The  Lord  loas  ready  to  save  me  :  therefore  we 
will  sing  my  songs  to  the  stringed  instruments  all 
the  days  of  our  life  in  the  house  of  the  Lord. 

21  For  "^  Isaiali  had  said.  Let  them  take  a  lump  of  m2  Kin.  ao.  7. 
figs,  and  lay  it  for  a  plaister  upon  the  boil,  and  he 

shall  recover. 

22  °  Hezekiah  also  had  said.  What  is  the  sign  that  n  2  Kin.  20.  s. 
I  shall  go  up  to  the  house  of  the  Lord  ? 


II.  KINGS. 

CHAPTER   XX. 

1  Hezekiah,  hamng  received  a  message  of  death,  hy 
prayer  hath  his  life  lengtliened.  8  The  sun  goeth 
ten  degrees  hackicard  for  a  sign  of  that  loromise. 
12  Berodachhaladan  sending  to  msit  Hezekiah, 
because  of  the  loonder,  hath  notice  of  his  treasures. 
14  Isaiah  understanding  thereof  foretelleth  the  Ba-  703  b.  c. 
hylonian  captivity.  20  Manasseh  succeedeth  He- 
zekiah. 


3293  A.  M. 


14 


THE  VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 


a  2  Chr.  22.  24, 
&c. 

Is.  38. 1,  &c. 


3  Heb.  Give 
charge  con- 
C' ruing  thine 
house. 
2  Sam.  17.  23. 


b  Neb.  13.  22. 


c  Gen.  17. 1. 
1  Kin.  3.  6. 


2  Heb.  with  a 
great  weeping 

3  Or,  city. 


d  1  Sam.  9. 16. 
&  10. 1. 

e  Ch.  19.  20. 

Ps.  65.  2. 
f  Ps.  39. 12. 

&  56.  8. 
m  Sabbath. 


g  Ch.  19.  34. 


h  Isal.  38.  21. 


1  See  Judg  6. 
17;  37.  39. 
Isal.  7. 11, 14. 
&  38. 22. 


k  See  Isal. 

7,8. 


Wednesday. 


1  See  Josh,  10. 

12, 14. 

Isal.  38.  8. 
4  Heb.  degrees. 


TN  "those  days  was  Hezekiah  sick  unto  death. 
-^  And  the  prophet  Isaiah  the  son  of  Amoz  came 
to  him,  and  said  unto  him,  Thus  saith  the  Lord, 
^  Set  thine  house  in  order  ;  for  thou  shalt  die,  and 
not  live. 

2  Then  he  turned  his  face  to  the  wall,  and  prayed 
unto  the  Lord,  saying, 

3  I  beseech  thee,  O  Lord,  ^  remember  now  how  I 
have  <■  walked  before  thee  in  truth  and  with  a  per- 
fect heart,  and  have  done  that  which  is  good  in  thy 
sight.     And  Hezekiah  wept  ^  sore. 

4  And  it  came  to  pass,  afore  Isaiah  was  gone  out 
into  the  middle  ^  court,  that  the  word  of  the  Lord 
came  to  him,  saying, 

5  Turn  again,  and  tell  Hezekiah  "^  the  captain  of 
my  people,  Thus  saith  the  Lord,  the  God  of  David 
thy  Father,  "  I  have  heard  thy  prayer,  I  have  seen 
''thy  tears  :  behold,  I  will  heal  thee  :  on  the  '"third 
day  thou  shalt  go  up  unto  the  house  of  the  Lord. 

6  And  I  will  add  unto  thy  days  fifteen  years  ;  and 
I  will  deliver  thee  and  this  city  out  of  the  hand  of 
the  king  of  Assyria  ;  and  ?  I  will  defend  this  city 
for  mine  own  sake,  and  for  my  servant  David's  sake. 

7  And  ^  Isaiah  said.  Take  a  lump  of  figs.  And 
they  took  and  laid  it  on  the  boil,  and  he  recovered. 

8  ^  And  Hezekiah  said  unto  Isaiah,  '  What  shall 
be  the  sign  that  the  Lord  will  heal  me,  and  that  I 
shall  go  up  into  the  house  of  the  Lord  the  third  day  ? 

9  And  Isaiah  said,  ^^  This  sign  shalt  thou  have  of 
the  Lord,  that  the  Lord  will  do  the  thing  that  he 
hath  spoken  :  shall  the  shadow  go  forward  ten  de- 
grees, or  go  back  ten  degrees  ? 

10  And  Hezekiah  answered.  It  is  a  light  thing  for 
the  shadow  to  go  down  ten  degrees  :  nay,  but  let 
the  shadow  return  backward  ten  degrees. 

11  And  Isaiah  the  prophet  cried  unto  the  Lord  : 
and  '  he  brought  the  shadow  ten  degrees  backward, 
by  which  it  had  gone  do  wn  in  the  ^  dial  of  Ahaz. 


THE  BIBLICAL   ACCOUNT.  15 


II.  CHRONICLES. 

CHAPTEll    XXXII.  3293  A.  M. 

24  1"  «Iu  those  days   Hezekiah  was  sick  to  the  VsS.^s.^i.' ^' 
death,  and  prayed  unto  the  Lord  :  and  he  spake 

,     ,  .  J  I,     fi  -L  •  •  ^  Or.  wrought 

unto  him,  and  he  *"  gave  him  a  sign.  a  miracle  for 

25  But  Hezekiah  ^  rendered  not  again  according  to  ^  p^ '..  ... 
the  benefit  done  unto  him  ;  for  '^  his  heart  was  lifted  e  Ch.  26. 16. 
up:  ^therefore   there   was   wrath  upon   him,    and  f c^  24  is 
upon  Judah  and  Jerusalem. 

26  g  Notwithstanding  Hezekiah  humbled  himself  g  Jer.  26.18.  i9. 
for  ''the  pride  of  his  heart,  both  he  and  the  iohabi-  '^^^'^^^ 
tants  of  Jerusalem,  so  that  the  wrath  of  the  Lord 

came  not  upon  them  ^  in  the  days  of  Hezekiah.  ^  ^  ^^^-  ^"-  ^^• 

Upon  the  basis  of  these  four  accounts  of  the 
two  events,  as  true  history,  we  have  investigated 
them  against  the  Cycles  of  the  Heavens  which 
still  continue  to  score  off  human  "times  and 
seasons,''  and  have  found  that  they  accord  with 
these  cycles,  and  are  agreeable  to  Chronology. 
It  is,  therefore,  next  in  order  to  i3remise  our 
discussion  by  a  succinct  statement  of  the  results 
arrived  at  by  calculation. 


Zenith 
A 


Moon 


jrt  m  MOgN  S     MOT 


6/2 


2? 


Sun 


fON 


--^ 


6/2  ± 


giBLlCAL      pLEMENTs.i      A 

1        p/3±         "S^^^ 


iS£:77/  HORON-^^^'^^ 


AJALON. 

35°  2  ±  E.G. 

aTsi  ±N. 


GIBEON. 

35'  10   +  E.G. 
31     51'±  M. 


LOWER."         UPPER." 

JOSHUA'S 
POSITION. 

35°  7'i-^.G. 

31°  53  T  N. 

THE    BATTLE    OF    BETH-HORON 

Relative  astro-Geographical  elements. 

APPROXIMATE. 

THE  SITUATION    "fOR  ABOUT  A  WHOLE    DAY." 


THE  ELEMENTS  VERIFIED. 


It  is  of  course  impossible  to  give  any  adequate 
idea  of  the  scope  of  the  calculations  which  have 
conspired  to  bring  out  the  astro- chronological  re- 
sults enumerated  in  this  paper.  The  mere  fig- 
ures are  of  no  interest  save  to  the  verifier;  and 
even  to  him  the  eventual  results  will  suggest  far 
l)etter  ways  of  testing  their  accuracy  than  a  mere 
going  over  of  the  tedious  steps  of  the  original 
and  complex  operation.  If  the  results  are  cor- 
rect, they  must  answer  every  other  test  which 
can  be  put  upon  them,  and  it  is  in  perfect  confi- 
dence that  they  will  acquit  themselves  in  this  re- 
spect that  they  are  now  given  to  the  world. 

In  the  meantime,  therefore,  the  chief  point  of 
interest  to  the  scientific  world  is  the  explicit  fix- 
ing of  all  the  elements  of  the  Beth  Horon. con- 
junction in  modern  terms,  and  from  a  modern 
starting  point,  as  well  as  in  Biblical  terms  and  from 
a  Biblical  starting  point,  for  the  sake  of  the  few 
who  will  be  equally  concerned  to  view  it  thence, 
and  so  for  both  to  give  the  entire  com^Dass  of  the 
cycles  which  span  human  history. 

To  recapitulate,  therefore,  in  anticipation  of 
our  discussion :  Joshua's  "Long  Day"  actually 
consisted  of  23)4  hours  added  to  the  24  regular 
hours  which  marked  the  day  of  the  ' '  winter  sol- 


18  THE  VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

stice"  of  the  year  2555  A.  M.,  the  autumnal- 
eqiiinoxial  beginning  of  which  year  was  3333 
solar  years  ago,  reckoning  from  Sunday,  Sept. 
22,  1889,  A.  D.  These  47>5  hours  were  considered 
as  two  full  days  by  the  calendar  keepers  of  that 
time,  and  the  single  day  which  was,  therefore, 
intercalated  by  them  was  more  than,  or  chrono- 
logically ahead  of  the  truth  by  40  minutes ;  (a 
fact  of  which  the  Hebrews  certainly  seem  to  have 
preserved  a  careful  record  down  to  the  days  of 
Hezekiah,  when,  by  an  additional  oi3eration  of 
Divine  power,  the  calendar  was  set  absolutely 
right).  The  days  thus  covered  between  the  sun- 
sets of  the  day  in  question  were  the  24th  and 
25th  days  of  the  4th  civil  month  of  2555  A.  M., 
/.  e.,  the  113th  and  114th  days  of  that  calendric 
year,  and  the  91st  and  92d  days  after  the  2555th 
completed  solar  year  from  Creation,  dating  from 
autumnal  equinox  to  equinox,  according  to  the 
universal  method  of  all  ancient  nations  down  to 
Rome.  They  were  also  the  last  day  of  the  8tli 
and  the  1st  day  of  the  9th  lunation  of  the  2634th 
lunar  year  from  this  same  epoch  (Mosaic  crea- 
tion), or  the  933,285-6th  days  of  the  world's 
duration,  being  respectively  Tuesday  and  Wed- 
nesday. 

Or,  reckoning  by  reversed  cycles  from  the  solar- 
eclipsing  new  moon  of  Tuesday,  June  17th,  1890, 
Joshua  s  ' '  Long  Day ' '  was  3435  lunar  years  and 
10  lunations  ago  {/.  6.,  41,230  lunations,  or  from 
this  same  eclipse  was  1,217,531-30  days  ago). 


THE   BIBLICAL   ACCOUNT.  19 

The  above  mentioned  last  eclipse  of  History 
marked  the  72,834th  completed  lunation  of  the 
moon,  or  the  middle  of  its  6070th  lunar  year,  or 
fell  4>^  days  short  of  our  summer  solstice  of  1890 
A.  D.  {i.  e.,  of  the  5888^ th  year  of  solar  dura- 
tion :  or,  finally,  it  took  place  upon  the  2, 150,  - 
816th  day  of  the  world,  and  was  the  22,862d 
eclipse  which  has  occurred  since  the  dawn  of 
"Time."^ 

Finally,  and  in  general  terms,  the  Beth  Horon 
conjunction  was  due  12-13  minutes  past  11  a.  m. 
on  the  first  of  the  days  identified,  but,  owing  to 
the  stoppage  of  all  relative  motion  between  ' '  the 
three  bodies"  (and  for  aught  we  know  through- 
out the  entire  universe!)  was  delayed  ''about  a 
whole  day"  (23>S  hours),  and  thus  did  not  occur 
until  10.32-33  a.  m.  the  next  day,  which  was  the 
Wednesday  aforementioned ;  /.  e. ,  the  ' '  silence ' ' 
or  intercalation,  covered  a  part  of  both  Tuesday 
and  Wednesday,  and  the  next  sunset  was  the  be- 
ginning of  Thursday,  the  933,287th  day  of  the 
world. 

The  elements  of  the  "  Sun  Dial"  incident,  dur- 
ing  Hezekiah'  s  reign,  are  as  follows  :  It  occurred 
at  the  absolute  instant  of  Autumnal  Equinox,  in 
the  year  of  the  world  3293,  /.  e. ,  at  the  end  of 
Astronomical  year  3293  and  at  the  beginning  of  As- 
tronomical year  3294.  The  event  took  place  practi- 
cally at  ^'liigh  noon,"  i.  e.,  about  7>^  minutes  be- 
fore 12  o'  clock,  as  we  reckon.     The  day  was  the 

*  Vicle  Appendix  B. 


20  THE  VOICE  OF  HISTORY. 

l,202,744tli  from  Creation,  which  was  Wednes- 
day, the  18th  day  of  the  1st  Civil  month,  of  3293 
A,  M.,  Ancient  Hebrew  Cycle.  The  moon,  tliongh 
involved  in  this  incident,  could  not  be  mentioned, 
because  she  was  just  short  of  her  entrance  into 
her  4th  quarter,  therefore,  at  that  moment  (^.  e, 
absolutely),  was  below  the  eastern  horizon.  There 
were  no  Palestinic  landmarks  by  which  to  fix  her 
place.  That  she,  too,  reversed  her  orbital  motion 
cannot  be  denied,  for  her  present  i^lace,  (in  arc), 
reverses  through  both  this  event  and  Joshua's,  and 
strikes  Creation's  first  hour  without  error.  This 
could  not  have  hapx)ened  had  she  not  been  equally, 
and  relatively,  influenced  in  Hezekiah's  day  as 
well  as  in  that  of  Joshua. 


PART  I. 


JOSHUA'S  LONG  DAY, 


THE)     DIAIv    OK    AHAZ. 


THE  DISCUSSION. 


'-''And  God  said^  Let  there  heliglits  in  the  firm- 
ament  of  the  heaven  to  divide  the  day  from  the 
night;  and  let  them  he  for  signs  and  for  seasons^ 
and  for  days  and  yearsy  Gen.  i.  14. 


THE  ARGUMENT. 


"  There  was  no  day  like  that,  before  it  or  after  it."    Josh,  x,  14. 


The  earnest  seeker  after  Truth  may  enter  her 
Temple  by  either  one  of  several  parallel  corri- 
dors, which,  upon  examination,  he  will  find  to 
be  joined  by  a  sufficient  number  of  cross  pas- 
sages to  take  him  anywhere  throughout  the 
edifice.  Along  any  one  of  these  transepts  he  will 
find  corresponding  treasures,  no  matter  in  what 
main  corridor  he  may  be  loitering.  To  mention 
but  few:  Astronomy,  Chronology,  Secular  and 
Sacred  History,  lead,  alike,  directly  onward  to 
the  altar.  It  is  immaterial  which  corridor  we 
select,  but  it  is  satisfactory  to  compare  the  vistas 
afforded  along  each,  and  thus  obtain  a  better 
comprehension  of  the  whole  building  so  fitly 
joined  together.  The  only  object  of  this  present 
guide-book  is  to  point  out  some  few  of  the  lateral 
correspondencies  in  the  Temple,  and  to  demon- 
strate that  they  are  parts  of  the  same  plan  of  ar- 
chitecture, in  that  they  severally  reflect  their 
counterparts  on  either  hand. 

Uj)on  June  21st,  1890,  it  was  announced  by  the 
author  that,  as  the  final  result  of  several  years  of 
close  calculation,  he  had  succeeded  in  identify- 
ing the   conjunction   of   the  sun  and   moon   at 


24  THE  VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

which,  "as  it  is  written"  in  the  Sacred  record, 
"Joshua's  Long  Day"  occurred, — and  that  his 
calculations  completely  vindicated  the  Biblical 
Chronology. 

It  is  but  natural  that  this  announcement  should 
have  begotten  a  widespread  comment,  considera- 
ble misstatement,  and  awakened  no  little  contro- 
versy and  dispute ;  in  view  of  which  it  is  deemed 
wise  to  put  the  whole  matter  into  as  concise  a 
shape  as  may  be,  without  resorting  to  transcen- 
dental mathematics,  which  the  average  human 
being  must — (and  does  in  all  calendric  work) — 
take  upon  faith. 

For  instance,  if  almanac-makers  had  to  sup- 
plement their  work  by  an  appendix  giving  all 
the  figuring  incidental  to  their  finished  tables,  it 
would  be  a  handicap  sufficient  to  block  their  en- 
tire publication.  But  some  will  say,  "the  proof 
of  the  pudding  is  in  the  eating,"  and  the  safety 
of  the  modern  almanac-maker  consists  in  the 
fact,  that  the  generation  which  uses  it  has  con- 
stant demonstration  of  its  accuracy.  Very  good, 
but  the  writer  has  almanacs  and  calendars  in  his 
possession  extending  back  to  the  beginning  of 
the  century,  almanacs  of  years  before  he  was 
born.  To  him  they  are  mere  history,  he  cannot 
summon  up  his  own  experience.  What  then  ? 
Why,  upon  the  foregoing  premises,  he  is  either 
forced  to  recalculate  them,  somehow  or  other,  or 
else  to  accept  them  upon  the  basis  of  common 
sense,   and  to  assume  that  they  must  have  re- 


THE   BIBLICAL    ACCOUNT.  25 

corded  true  events,    for  otherwise  tliey   would 
have  been  repudiated  by  their  own  generation. 

But  this  brings  us  to  the  gist  of  the  argument 
in  favor  of  the  two  events  now  under  considera- 
tion. Tliey  occurred  well  within  the  days  of 
written  history,  and  were  written  down  into  the 
chronology  of  the  days  in  question.  They  were 
consequently  accepted  in  their  own  day,  and 
must  therefore  have  had  foundation  whereon  to 
claim  and  effect  an  entrance  into  the  contempo- 
rary history  of  generations  who  raised  no  voice 
against  them, — they  were  admitted  into  their 
Chronology ! 

Secular    Corroboration. 

The  writer  does  not  pretend  to  explain  liow  the 
Day  in  question  was  lengthened,  but  accepts  it 
as  a  literal  fact  fully  corroborated  by  history. 

The  Grecian  Herodotus,  whom  we  moderns  call 
''The  Father  of  History,"  verifies  it  by  quoting 
the  records  shown  to  him  by  the  priests  while  he 
was  in  Egypt.  This  is  independent  testimony, 
for  neither  the  Greeks  nor  the  Egyptians  refer  to 
the  Hebrew  account  as  the  source  of  their  own. 
But  we  may  also  refer  to  the  Chinese,  who  pre- 
serve still  another  independent  record  of  a  simi- 
lar event,  (no  doubt  the  identical  one),  as  having 
occurred  in  the  reign  of  Yeo,  who  was  contem230- 
rary  with  Joshua. 

In  view  of  these  four  independent,  and  widely 
separated  accounts,  we  must  consider  the  event 


26  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

to  be  indisputable,  so  far  as  its  historical  evi- 
dence is  concerned ;  and  we  maintain  tliat  no 
''wise-iwdii^^  will  say  a  word  against  the  possi- 
bility of  reducing  the  relative  motion  of  the 
three  bodies,  (Earth,  Sun  and  Moon),  even  to  a 
standstill,  until  he  really  knows  and  can  explain 
how  that  motion  is  produced ! 

No  less  eminent  a  philosopher  than  Newton 
has  demonstrated  how  quickly  the  earth-motion 
might  be  slowed  down,  without  appreciable  shock 
to  its  denizens ;  and  while  the  scientist  can  easily 
illustrate  it,  the  devout  astronomer, — (and  "the 
undevout  astronomer  is  mad") — can  as  easily 
offer  a  natural  method  whereby  the  stoppage 
could  have  been  brought  about. 

For  instance,  any  one  may  see,  in  the  windows 
of  the  optician,  a  tiny  apparatus,  with  four  fans, 
which  turn  around  with  considerable  speed,  when 
exposed  to  the  light.  It  is  perhaps  as  near  an 
approach  to  perpetual  motion  as  man' s  ingenuity 
can  make.  If  we  merely  raise  our  hand  to  inter- 
rupt the  direct  action  of  the  actinism  in  the 
sun's  rays,  we  immediately  reduce  the  velocity 
of  this  apparatus  by  about  one-half. 

Now  a  cometary  mass  interposed  between  the 
Earth  and  Moon,  and  the  Sun,  in  Joshua's  day, 
might  have  easily  cut  off  the  actinic  rays  of  the 
Sun,  without  affecting  the  light  and  heat  rays  of 
the  spectrum  at  all,  and  so  have  accomplished 
the  phenomenon. 

How  it  really  was  accomplished,    Grod    only 


INCEPTIOK    OF   PROBLEM.  27 

knows ;  tliat  it  was  done,  Secular  History  testi- 
fies, and  Sacred  History  asserts,  with  an  authority 
not  to  be  apologetically  ignored  by  any  one  who 
prays  sincerely  that  he  may  be  ''sealed"  with  sav- 
ing faith. 

It  is  an  unfortunate  sign  of  our  times  (2  Thess., 
ii.  3),  that  one  who  enters  ux)on  such  a  calculation 
as  this,  receives  but  little  encouragement  or  re- 
sponse, even  from  quarters  where  he  has  a  right 
to  expect  it,  while  in  the  scientific  world  at  large 
the  announcement  seems  to  have  begotten  little 
else  than  disparaging  discussion. 

Nevertheless,  a  sufiiciently  large  correspond- 
ence has  already  justified  the  belief  that  a  publi- 
cation of  the  main  elements  is  now  demanded, 
in  order  that  they  may  be  verified,  or  overthrown, 
by  others. 

The  Inception  of  the  Problem. 

The  writer  was  led  to  make  this  calculation  not 
to  find  out  whether  the  account  was  true,  but 
rather  because  he  was  convinced  that  it  loas  so, 
and  that  it  could  therefore  be  proved  to  the 
satisfaction  of  any  reasonable  man. 

And  now  it  may  be  further  stated,  that  in  the 
course  of  his  studies,  and  calculations,  he  has 
been  led  to  see  that  the  collateral  fraction  of  an 
hour  (40  minutes)  required  by  the  "turning  back 
of  the  shadow  upon  the  Dial  of  Ahaz,"  in  the 
days  of  Hezekiah,  also  forms  an  integral,   and 


28  THE   VOICE    OF    lilSTOKY. 

necessary,  j)^!*^  ^^  human  Chronology,  and  must 
be  restored  to  it,  in  order  to  work  the  cycles  of 
astronomy  with  absolute  accuracy. 

The  fact  is  there  can  be  no  compromise  in  the 
position  of  a  believer  in  the  Bible.  We  freely 
grant  this  to  the  Agnostic,  as  the  essential  sub- 
stance out  of  which  the  only  bridge  whereon  we 
can  hope  to  meet  and  draw  up  the  preliminaries 
of  an  eternal  truce,  must  be  constructed,  and  we 
equally  insist  upon  its  employment  by  the  Gnos- 
tic. That  is,  we  fully  recognize  the  logic  of 
fundamental  "  common  sense,"  and  maintain, 
with  all  men  of  sound  mind,  that  it  can  be  fairly 
demanded  of  the  Bible,  that  it  shall  square  itself 
to  its  own  record,  when  tried  at  the  bar  of  the 
most  transcendental  astronomy,  since  by  the  pre- 
mises of  creation,  and  inspiration,  their  author- 
ship is  One. 

At  present,  however,  we  are  only  dealing  with 
Joshua' s  ' '  Long  Day, ' '  and  are  not  yet  called  upon 
to  divulge  when,  how,  where,  or  why,  the  addition 
of  a  fraction  of  a  single  hour  became  astronomi- 
cally necessary,  was  actually  intercalated  in  the 
calendar,  and  was  demanded  in  the  calculations 
which  verify  the  whole — all  this  in  its  proper 
place. 

The  problem,  whose  solution  was  primarily 
undertaken,  was  :  whether  a  conjunction  of  the 
Sun  and  Moon  occurred  in  the  celestial  vicinity  of 
Beth  Horon,  at  midday  during  Joshua's  life. 


cikcumscribed  limits.  29 

The  Chronological  Conditions. 

The  chronological  conditions  imposed  upon  the 
])roblem  by  the  sacred  record,  required  that  this 
mid-heaven  conjunction  should  have  occurred 
during  the  first  ^ve  years  of  Joshua' s  occupation 
of  the  land,  (2553-58  A.  M.),  and  within  these 
years  the  special  Geographico- Astronomical  con- 
ditions required  that,  by  reversing  the  cycles  of 
''  the  three  bodies  "  from  their  ^present  positions, 
their  relative  places  should  be  such  as  to  bring 
the  Sun  over  Gibeon,  and  the  Moon  over  Ajalon, 
within  the  set  chronological  limits.  That  is,  the 
question  to  be  settled  was,  whether  Astronomy 
would  corroborate  History  % 

The  battle  of  Beth  Horon  must  have  occurred 
during  the  first  five  years  which  succeeded  the 
"passage  of  the  Jordan".  (Friday,  10th  of  7th 
civil  month,  2553  A.  M.),  and  which  preceded 
the  "division  of  the  land." 

Caleb  was  40  years  old  when  sent  out  with  the 
spies  (Josh.  xiv.  7),  and  was  85  when  the  land 
was  divided  (xiv.  10),  Hence,  the  "division" 
was  affected  5  years  after  their  occupancy  of  it. 
For  Caleb  must  have  spent  40  of  these  remaining 
45  years,  in  the  wilderness  with  the  rest  of  the 
host—/,  e.,  from  the  middle  of  2513  A.  M.— the 
date  of  the  exodus — to  the  middle  of  2553  A.  M. 
— that  of  the  entrance  into  Palestine. 

The  Battle  of  Beth  Horon  could  not  have  oc- 
curred after  the  "division  of  the  land,"  for  long 


Hi)  THE    VOICE    OF    HISTORY. 

before  that  event  we  are  expressly  told  (Josh.  xi. 
23),  that  "the  land  rested  from  war;*'  nor,  of 
course,  could  the  battle  have  occurred  he/ore  the 
passage  of  the  Jordan ! 

We  are  thus  confined  within  very  narrow 
chronological  limits  even  before  we  undertake  the 
crucial  test  of  pure  astronomy  in  order  to  find  out 
the  exact  date  which  satisfies  the  rigid  conditions 
directly  imj^osed  upon  it  by  the  record  itself. 

These  conditions  are  as  explicitly  fixed  by  the 
account,  as  if  it  were  committed,  in  so  many 
words,  to  a  "transit  of  Venus,''  ui3on  the  Beth 
Horon  high-noon  in  question.  Thus  :  in  the  ac- 
(^ount  given  in  the  X^"  chapter  of  Joshua,  we  find 
the  sun  ( s)  placed  upon  the  meridian  of  Gibeon 
(35°  10'  +  E.  of  Greenwich),  which  latter  place 
(Gibeon)  lies  east  of  Beth  Horon  by  some  64:  of 
arc;  while,  at  the  same  time,  the  moon  (•)  is 
located  upon  the  meridian  of  Ajalon  (35°  2  +  E. 
of  Greenwich),  at  about  an  equal  distance  of  arc 
(6'  ±),  to  the  west  of  Beth  Horon. 

The  moon  was  therefore  recorded  as  about  8'  + 
west  of  the  sun,  and  had  the  relative  motion  of 
"the  three  bodies"  not  been  arrested,  she  would 
have  come  into  conjunction  (/.  6.,  become  ^'  new  '') 
in  about  thirteen  minutes  of  time. 

Now  if  the  account  is  to  maintain  its  integrity, 
— and  Faith  of  course  believes  it  will,  while  In- 
fidelity never  investigates  at  all,  unless  it  be 
under  a  predisposition  to  find  error, — we  have 
here  a  most  consummate  set  of  astro-geographico- 


AN  ANOMALOUS  REFERENCE.         81 

chronological  conditions,  which  must  agree  with 
the  present  positions  of  ''the  three  bodies,''  to 
the  very  last  degree  of  accuracy. 

Tliat  they  actually  fulfill  these  complex  condi- 
tions, and  are  rigidly  true  to  the  cycles  as  un- 
rolled down  to  the  date  of  the  last  sun- eclipsed 
conjunction  of  history  (June  17,  1890),  my  own 

calculations  verify  to  ix^*"^  ( ' ),  or  to  60'  beyond 

seconds  of  time  ! 

Reference  to  Moon  Anomalous. 

But  right  here  it  is  proper,  and  apropos^  to 
insist  that  the  mere  mention  of  the  moon,  under 
tlie  circumstances  involved  at  Beth  Horon,  is  a 
positive  and  prima  facie  guarantee  of  historical 
accuracy  in  the  whole  account. 

For,  as  it  was  at  midday  that  Joshua  found 
himself  at  Beth  Horon,  and  the  moon,  both  by 
modern  calculations,  and  by  the  tenor  of  the 
record,  was  so  near  to  the  sun  (/.  e.,  at  that  por- 
tion of  her  orbit  where  she  is  always  invisible 
even  at  night),  there  is  no  human  probability 
that  she  would  have  been  mentioned  at  all  had 
not  the  facts  of  the  case  both  warranted  it,  and 
demanded  it,  as  a  necessity.  For  about  27 J 
hours,  both  preceding  and  following  a  conjunc- 
tion, the  moon  has  no  "pliasis,"  and  the  Bible 
account  places  her  within  but  fifteen  minutes  of 
the  sun  ! 

Bathed  in  such  a  meridian  sun-glare  she  would 
have  been  invisible  even  to  the  Lick  Telescope, 


32  THE    VOICE   OE   HISTORY. 

and  nothing  but  the  veracity  of  the  fact  will  ever 
reasonably  account  even  for  her  incidental  intro- 
duction into  the  record  of  this  stupendous  effort 
of  the  Solar  System. 

But  being  there,  and  being,  moreover,  an  es- 
sential and  ruling  element  of  Hebrew  Calendric 
methods,  the  whole  system  of  Sacred  Terrestrial 
Chronology  demanded  that  she  should  be  in- 
volved in  the  same  mandate  of  "  silence  "  imposed 
upon  the  sun,  under  ]3enalty,  if  not,  of  throwing 
all  the  writings  of  Moses  into  unutterable  con- 
fusion !  For  these  writings  are  strung  together, 
historically,  in  terms  of  a  Lunar  calendar,  pure 
and  simple,  while  at  the  same  time  their  Chron- 
ology is  consummately  intercalated  in  order  to 
keep  solar  time  also.  Hence  to  have  held  the 
sun,  which  did  not  rule  the  Hebrew  "working'' 
calendar,  and  to  have  suffered  the  orb  that  did  so 
to  pursue  her  "lost"  way,  would  have  necessi- 
tated an  entire  re-editing  of  the  Pentateuch,  or 
else  have  required  all  future  generations  to  cor- 
rect its  chronology  by  the  use  of  a  "constant" 
of  the  most  complex  mathematical  character. 

Such  a  stoppage,  therefore,  as  Joshua  was  led 
to  request  (Josh.  x.  8.),  demanded  a  stoppage  of 
the  moon  as  well  as  of  the  sun,  /.  ^.,  the  earth's 
rotation,  and  the  moon's  orbital  motion,  had 
equally  to  be  controlled.  It  is  to  this  fact  alone 
that  we  are  indebted  for  any  mention  of  the  moon, 
and  so  her  absolute  place  in  her  orbit  is  as  posi- 
tively fixed  by  the  record,  as  is  that  of  the  sun. 


A   LOGICAL   RESULT.  33 

Avhich  was,  after  all,  the  ruling*  light,  so  far  as 
merely  Beth  Horon'  s  battle  is  concerned. 

Real  Effect  of  Such  a  Stoppage, 

The  effect  of  the  stoppage  of  all  relative  motion 
among  "the  three  bodies"  for  "about  a  whole 
day,"  was  merely  to  introduce  a  single  week-day 
into  the  calendar,  and  this  was  effected  by  the 
Hebrew  priests,  then  and  there,  as  a  separate  and 
distinct  "measure"  of  the  duration  of  the  stop- 
page itself. 

But,  in  so  far  as  the  actual  measure  of  celestial 
arc  is  concerned,  it  could  not,  and  did  not, 
lengthen  the  then  current  year,  2,555  A.  M.,  or 
lunar  year  ( 2634th ),  by  anything  whatsoever. 
That  is,  they,  the  year,  the  lunation,  and  the  ter- 
restrial rotation,  were  severally  completed,  when 
they  were  suffered  to  resume  their  "speech,"  at 
the  very  same  points  of  the  Zodiac  which  they 
would  have  reached  had  the  incident  not  oc- 
curred. 

If  the  power  of  Jehovah  had  enforced  this 
"silence"  on  the  spheres  for  a  whole  year  in- 
stead of  for  a  single  day,  the  cycles  themselves 
would  bear  no  evidence  thereof  to-day^  save  only 
to  mark,  as  now  they  do,  the  fact  and  date  of  the 
conjunction  at  which  it  was  recorded  to  have  oc- 
curred,—  i.  e.,  to  have  begun  and  ended, — for  the 
logical,  and  astronomical,  carrying  out  of  the 
mandate,  requires  no  change  of  relative  arc  meas- 
urements while  the  "silence"  continued. 


34  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

But  accurate  ' '  chronology ' '  would  have  borne 
true  evidence  of  the  fact,  and  of  its  duration,  if 
so  be  it  should  have  been  as  well  preserved  by 
the  Priests,  (who  Avere  the  calendar  keepers),  as 
they  did  preserve  that  of  the  single  day  which  is 
recorded  to  have  actually  occurred. 

For  instance,  a  similar  stoj^page  of  all  relative 
motion  among  the  three  bodies  in  our  day  would 
be  very  accurately  measured  by  the  chronometers 
of  every  Observatory  upon  earth,  and  by  the 
watches  now  carried  by  almost  everybody.  And 
undoubtedly  such  a  stopiDage,  as  to  its  duration, 
would  be  measured  and  accounted  for,  in  terms 
of  week  days,  each  of  twenty-four  hours,  and  be 
given  its  proper  place  as  such  in  the  current  cal- 
endar. 

But,  save  in  the  terms  of  such  week-day  peri- 
ods, we  would  have,  and  coukl  have,  no  other 
record  of  it,  for  the  cycles,  wlien  resumed,  would 
inevitably  finish  their  respective  courses  at  the 
identical  points  of  the  Zodiac  they  would  have 
reached  had  no  such  relative  stoppage  been  im- 
posed. Thus  all  astronomical  record  of  the  stop- 
page would  be  lost  so  soon  as  motion  was  re- 
sumed, unless  History  and  Chronology  should 
have  indeiDendently  kept  watch  of  it  by  Geo- 
graphical references,  and  by  Time,  measured  in 
some  other  way. 

I  maintain  therefore  both  logically,  and  astro- 
nomically, and  also  as  a  chronologist,  that  the 
sole  question   which  modern  astronomy  has  to 


A   LOGICAL    RESULT.  3;) 

ask  of  "thetliree  bodies,"  as  now  moving,  and 
duly  recorded  by  their  elements  in  tlie  best 
Ephemerides  and  Nautical  Almanacs  of  the  day, 
is  whether  such  a  Conjunction^  as  the  record 
demands,  is  also  demonstrated  to  have  taken 
place  at  Beth  Horon  within  the  limits  which  are 
equally  set  forth  by  the  account. 

Beyond  this,  the  yea  or  nay  of  astronomy 
cannot  go  one  single  element  of  "arc,"  which  is 
ITS  only  measure  of  ' '  time ' '  ! 

But  right  here  accurate  Chronology  steps  in, 
and  her  testimony  has  the  casting  and  deciding 
vote,  for  if  it  shall  be  shown  that,  while  the 
ecliptical  points  reached  by  "  the  bodies  that  rule 
the  times  and  seasons"  are  the  ones  duly  de- 
manded by  astronomically  recorded  time,  while 
nevertheless  the  points  reached  in  the  Septenary 
sequence  of  the  week  days  (z.  e.^  in  the  Calendar, 
which  is  the  sole  province  of  Chronology)  are 
ahead  of  the  astronomic  ones  by  an  amount  just 
equal  to  the  alleged  duration  of  the  stoppage  as 
recorded  by  history,  then  the  demonstration  of 
the  problem  is  complete  and  mathematical,  and 
cannot  be  gainsaid  in  the  least  by  sound  reason. 

It  is  thus  manifest  how  beautifully  History, 
Chronology  and  Astronomy  stand  related  to  each 
other  in  preserving  the  record  of  human  ' '  dura- 
tion," and  how  consummately  they  may  mutually 
assist  each  other,  in  defying  those  who  would  be- 
little the  accuracy  of  the  infinite  and  infallible 
Word  as  '4t  is  written.  " 


36  THE   VOICE  OF   HISTORY. 


Soli-Lunar  Cycles. 


But  to  continue ;  not  before  nor  since  '  'Josh- 
ua' s  Long  Day ' '  has  there  been  a  date  which  will 
harmonize  the  required  relative  positions  of  the 
Sun,  Moon  and  Earth,  as  conditioned  in  the  Sa- 
cred Record  and  reversed  from  their  present  rela- 
tive places. 

We  are  here  limiting  ourselves  to  the  most 
transcendental  accuracy,  and  are  ignoring  a  nu- 
merous group  of  perpetually  recurring  approxi- 
mations which,  to  all  common  purposes,  bring 
about  a  repetition  of  a  midday  conjunction  at  a 
given  place  after  19  ;  651 ;  5859 ;  etc.  years,  (1  e., 
in  one  of  the  several  soli-lunar  cycles).  But  it  is 
not  enough  to  determine  the  least  common  mul- 
tiple of  a  year  and  a  lunation,  in  order  to  obtain 
an  accurate  Soli-lunar  Diurnal  cycle,  for  the 
Earth's  02^72,  rotation  must  be  rigidly  included  in 
the  calculation  if  we  wish  to  tie  the  repetition 
geographically  to  the  zenith  of  any  particular 
place. 

This  necessitates  the  reduction  of  a  Solar  day, 
of  a  Lunation  in  Solar  days,  and  of  a  mean  Solar 
year,  to  their  very  ultimates,  say  at  least  to  v*^^ 
(""),  the  determination  of  the  resulting  least  com- 
mon multij)le,  and  its  reduction  back  to  years. 

If  any  one  will  undertake  this  simple,  but  te- 
dious operation,  he  will  find,  as  the  writer  has 
found,  that  the  period  required  is  much  more 
than  23>^  quintillion  years !     Nor  short  of  this 


THE   ORIGIN   OF   TIME.  37 

stupendous  Eon  can  the  conjunction  sought,  or 
in  fact  any  other  conjunction,  accurately  repeat 
itself,  at  the  same  place,  in  even  its  simplest 
solar,  lunar,  and  terrestrial  time  elements. 

With  such  figures  in  mind  the  search  for  Josh- 
ua's Long  Day  is  certainly  akin  to  hunting  for  a 
needle  in  the  universe, — the  which  is  manifestly 
so  much  the  better  in  the  cause  of  accuracy! 
Nevertheless  there  it  is,  and  it  results  equally  as 
well  whether  we  reverse  their  cycles  from  the 
present  positions  of  the  three  bodies,  or  work 
them  forward  from  the  soli-lunar  conjunction  at 
the  instant  of  that  autumnal  equinox  which 
marks  the   very  first  day  of  Adam's  mundane 

chronology. 

The  True  Origin  of  Time. 

It  is  manifest  that  if  we  believed  the  Bible  to 
be  superlatively  accurate  the  latter  method  would 
be  the  most  natural  one  to  pursue ;  for,  not  only 
w^ould  it  pass  through  the  Beth  Horon  conjunc- 
tion, but,  by  producing  the  cycles  onward,  would 
inevitably  land  us  at  the  places  where  the  several 
bodies  are  now  found.  And  this  in  fact,  as  above 
stated,  is  what  occurs  whichever  way  we  work 
the  problem,  and  hence  the  logical  and  irresisti- 
ble conclusion  is  that  the  Biblical  record  is  with- 
out error,  and  that  henceforth  we  may  assume 
the  '  'Mosaic  Era''  as  a  natural  astronomical ^o/;?/ 
d'appui  in  all  the  calculations  of  Chronology. 

When  a  novice  has  been  conducted  systemati- 
cally through  the   windings   of  a  labyrinth  to 


38  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

its  inner  Sanctum^  and  has  been  fully  initiated 
into  the  principles  Avhich  govern  the  correct 
means  of  progress,  it  is  manifest  that  he  will  ever 
after  refer  all  localities  therein  not  to  some 
shifting  point  in  the  outlying  circumference  to 
which  new  paths  are  being  constantly  added,  but 
will  always  start  his  measurements  from  the  one 
fixed  point  which  governs  all  the  rest. 

But  it  is  admitted  that  the  novice  in  our  illustra- 
tion has  to  be  conducted^  the  first  time,  from  the 
outside  in.  And  so  it  is  natural,  in  the  confused 
state  of  Modern  Chronology,  to  demand  of  one 
who  maintains  the  accuracy  of  the  Mosaic  sys- 
tem, that  he  should  trace  Ti  is  way  backward  to 
its  origin,  and  take  the  initiates  with  him,  in  or- 
der to  beget  in  them  the  confidence  he  has 
himself. 

It  is  trusted  that  before  the  present  volume  has 
been  laid  aside  a  modicum  of  this  confidence  will 
have  been  instilled  into  its  readers,  and  that 
they  will  thereafter  see  sufficient  ground  whereon 
to  think  from  Adam  down  the  stream  of  time, 
instead  of  upwards  from  some  accidental  genera- 
tion of  his  everlasting  posterity. 

But  to  return  to  our  topic : 

The  Intercalated  Day. 

To  be  scientifically  correct  it  may  therefore  be 
stated  that  the  Sun  and  Moon  were  going  into 
accurate  conjunction,  in  the  udd-heavens  over 
Beth  Horon,  (as  recorded  in  Joshua),  for  the  31-, 


THE   INTERCALATED   DAY.  39 

604tli  time  (since  their  primeval  conjunction  on 
tlie  first  day  of  Adam' s  first  week  of  time),  on  tlie 
:24th  day  of  the  4tli  Civil,  or  10th  Sacred  month 
of  the  Hebrew  calendric  year  2i555  A.  M. ,  which 
day  was  a  Tuesday  at  11.13  a.  m.,  it  being  the 
933, 285 til  day  of  the  world  reckoning  from  Crea- 
tion inclusive.  Whereas,  if  we  reverse  the  cycles 
from  the  latest  solar-eclipsing  conjunction  of  his- 
tory,^ to  wit,  that  of  Tuesday,  June  17,  1890, 
they  pass  unerringly  backward  to  that  same 
conjunction,  and  make  it  1,217,530  days  "  ago,^' 
but  upon  a  Wednesday.^  at  about  10.43  a.  m.  ! 
/.  (?.,  there  is  inevitably  "about  a  whole  day" 
between  the  tioo  results  ! 

Now,  as  to  these  intervening  23}<3  hours.  Astron- 
omy is  dumh^  and  will  be  dumb  FOREVER,  while 
History — in  Palestine,  in  Greece,  in  China,  and  in 
Egypt — is  eloquent,  and  Chronology,  in  God's 
Avord,  "is  so  written ' '  that  woe  betide  the  fool 
who  rushes  in  "where  angels  [and  even  devils] 
(Luke  iv.  12-15)  fear  to  tread." 

This  conjunction  found  the  sun  over  Gibeon, 
the  moon  over  Ajalon,  and  Joshua,  in  the  height 
of  battle,  at  Beth  Horon,  exactly  midway  between 
them.  That  is,  the  sun  and  moon  were,  to  the 
last  element  of  "  arc,"  in  Joshua's  mid-heavens! 

It  is  useless  to  contend  against  these  figures, 
for  they  square  with  all  the  eclii)ses,  transits,  and 
equinoxes  of  Astronomy,  and  will  land  even  a 
fair  approximator  at  an  epoch  which  will  not 

*  Vide  Appendix  C. 


40  THE   VOICE   OF    IIISTOKY. 

rei)eat  itself  for  a  period  of  years  whose  aggre- 
gate is  not  to  be  counted  by  the  whole  human 
race  laboring  steadily  thereat  from  Adam  down  to 
the  present  moment. 

They  also  square  themselves  forward  from  Cre- 
ation, with  every  date  mentioned  in  the  Holy 
Writ, — from  Genesis  to  Revelations, — and  back- 
ward, from  the  present,  with  all  those  of  secular 
history,  running  back  until  they  meet  the  former, 
and  thereafter  corroborating  the  sequence  as  one 
and  the  same  thing. 

AYho  then,  in  the  face  of  them,  shall  arrogate 
unto  the  littleness  of  himself,  so  intimate  a 
knowledge  of  the  essence  of  celestial  motion,  as 
to  dare  to  say  that  Jehovah,  who  hath  wound 
the  cycles  up  of  old,  did  not  also  impose  upon 
them  such  conditions  as  to  bring  about  the  event 
recorded  in  its  i^roper  day  i  Or  who  shall  lift  up 
his  ephemeral  "speech"  against  the  "silence" 
which  the  common  Maker  imposed  upon  their's, 
because,  forsooth,  he  cannot  comprehend  the  uni- 
verse from  the  stand-point  of  an  earth-worm  ] 

The  Site  Unique. 

It  is  at  once  noticeable,  to  an  investigator  of 
the  geographical  location  of  the  places  concerned 
in  this  incident,  that  the  difference  in  longitude 
of  Beth  Horon  and  Gibeon,  or  of  Ajalon  and  Beth 
Horon,  so  closely  as  modern  Geography  locates 
them,  is  equal  to  the  autumnal  "equation  of 
time,"  while  at  the  date  of  the  conjunction  itself, 


THE   BATTLE   DESCRIBED.  41 

(winter  solstice),  there  is  no  "  equation  oi  time  ;*' 
that  is,  at  this  time  of  the  solar  year,  mean  and 
apj)arent  time  agree !  In  view  of  the  surprising 
concert  of  Geographical,  Astronomical,  Histori- 
cal, and  Chronological  elements  involved  in  this 
chai)ter  of  Sacred  History,  it  is  astonishing  to  the 
writer  that  the  eye  of  Science  has  never  before 
been  attracted  to  it,  and  that  the  mind  of  the 
devout  believer  has  not  long  since  seen  in  it  the 
very  site  whereon  to  light  the  decisive  oifenso- 
defensive  battle  of  Faith  against  Infidelity. 

Let  ns  now  describe  the  events  at  Beth  Horon 
in  the  light  shed  upon  them  by  the  results  of  this 
tardy  calculation. 

Joshna  crossed  the  Jordan  on  Friday,  the  10th 
day  of  the  7th  Civil  (1st  Sacred)  month  of  the  year 
2553  A.  M.,  and,  without  enumerating  the  inter- 
vening events,  was  in  his  permanent  camp  at 
Gilgal  on  Monday,  the  23d  day  of  the  4th  Civil 
month  of  2555  A.  M. 

This  was  at  winter  so  stice,  and  sheds  light 
upon  the  wisdom  of  the  Amorites  in  selecting  this 
occasion,  as  the  most  promising  one,  upon  which 
to  wipe  out  the  only  native  allies  of  the  Hebrews. 

It  also  accounts  for  the  fact  of  Joshua  being- 
found  quietly  camping  with  his  hosts  during  the 
stirring  task  which  had  devolved  upon  them. 

The  Battle  Described. 

It  was  at  this  juncture  that  the  men  of  Gibeon 
sent  hastily  to  Joshua  the  news 


42  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

sinTounded,  and  besought  liis  immediate  assist- 
ance. Tliere  was  no  time  to  be  lost,  and  Joshua  s 
preparations  seem  to  have  been  so  quickly  made 
as  to  have  enabled  him  to  leave  Gilgal  Avith  the 
setting  sun. 

The  sunset  of  his  dej)arture  was  of  course  the 
commencement  of  a  day;  and  by  calculation  was 
on  a  Tuesday' s  commencement,  according  to  the 
original,  and  then  universal  method  of  keeping 
the  calendar.  So  Joshua  marched  all  that  night 
(Josh.  X.  9),  and,  as  armies  move,  reached  Gibeon, 
some  20  miles  away  in  the  south-west,  probably 
about  dawn.  The  night  was  pitch  dark,  for  the 
moon  was  going  "new,"  and  the  surprise  of  the 
Amorites  seems  to  have  been  complete. 

The  generalship  of  Moses  and  Joshua  cannot 
be  doubted,  and  the  whole  tenor  of  this  particular 
account  implies  an  adherence  to  strategical  prin- 
ciples of  the  highest  order  by  the  latter.  His 
first  aim  was  to  relieve  Gibeon,  his  second  to  cut 
off  retreat  towards  Jerusalem,  and  his  third  to 
drive  the  allies  into  the  broken  country.  He  Avas 
north-w^est  of  Gibeon  when  he  started  from  Gilgal, 
but  the  account  of  their  flight  shows  that  the 
allies  were  forced  to  retreat  along  that  very  line ! 
Joshua  must  therefore  have  made  a  wide  detour 
to  the  south-east  and  have  actually  come  upon 
them  from  their  own  flank  and  rear.  We  doubt 
if  many  modern  armies  would  sustain  such  a  sur- 
prise with  equanimity,  and  it  was  certainly  too 
much  for  the  Amorites. 


THE   BATTLE   DESCKIBED.  43 

From  the  very  first  they  were  overcome  with  a 
great  slaughter,  which  began  at  Gibeon,  for  true 
to  the  word  of  the  Lord,  which  in  spite  of  the 
urgency  of  his  preparations  Joshua  had  not  failed 
to  consult,  he  feared  them  not,  knowing  before- 
hand that  they  had  been  delivered  into  his  hand, 
and  that  not  a  man  of  them  could  stand  afore 
him  (Josh.  x.  8).  Joshua  of  course  fought  with 
great  odds  in  his  favor,  but  certainly  with  no 
surer  chances  than  any  one  may  have  who  also  has 
the  God  of  Sabbaoth  upon  his  banners. 

Surprised,  out-flanked,  reversed  in  fact,  and  so 
cut  off  from  their  safest  base  of  operations — Jeru- 
salem, a  city  not  wholly  reduced  until  David's 
time — there  was  nothing  left  them  but  to  seek 
individual  safety  in  the  wilderness.  It  was  more 
than  what  soldiers  call  "panic"  that  dominated 
such  a  rout,  for  a  forgotten  God — the  only  God, 
and  a  God  unknown  to  any  but  the  seed  of  Abra- 
ham,— had  stretched  forth  his  arm  and  there  was 
none  to  stay  it. 

Thus  the  Lord  discomfited  them  before  Israel, 
and  slew  them  with  a  great  slaughter,  first  at 
Gibeon,  and  as  they  fied  by  the  way  of  Beth 
Horon, — a  place  some  four  or  five  miles  to  the 
north-west,  and  midway  between  Gibeon  and 
Ajalon,  Avhich  latter  places  were  only  7  or  8 
miles  apart — the  Lord  of  Hosts  still  pursued 
them,  and  smote  them  even  to  Azekah,  and  unto 
Makkedah. 


44  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

Joshua,  and  his  hosts,  in  the  meanwhile  closely 
profited  by  this  siii)ernatnral  assistance,  and, 
following  the  retreating  enemy  (v.  10),  the  battle 
was  probably  at  its  height  towards  11  o'clock  a. 
M.,  and  waging  around  Beth  Horon. 

That  a  severe  convulsion  of  nature  had  already 
begun  is  manifest  from  the  circumstances  de- 
tailed in  verse  11,  where  we  learn  that  "it  came  to 
pass  as  they  fled  from  before  Isrp.el,  and  were 
going  down  to  Beth  Horon,  that  the  Lord  cast 
down  great  stones  {aerolites  f)  from  heaven  upon 
them,  unto  Azekah,  and  they  died.  There  were 
more  which  died  with  hail-stones  than  whom  the 
children  of  Israel  slew  with  the  sword." 

The  Long  Day  without  Sunset  and  with  no 
Sunrise  ! 

By  this  time  Joshua  himself  must  have  been 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  elevated  central  point  of  the 
broadly  extended  battlefield,  and  the  moment 
had  arrived  to  announce  the  outcome  of  the  pro- 
digy which  was  already  in  progress. 

The  sun  and  moon,  at  this  moment  (11  a.  m.) 
were  absolutely  in  the  "mid-heavens,"  equally 
distant  to  the  east  and  west  of  Beth  Horon — 
Joshua's  own  zenith — and  about  thirteen  minutes 
of  time  apart,  that  is,  they  were,  respectively, 
over  the  meridians  of  Gibeon,  and  Ajalon,  to  his 
right  and  left,  as  he  pursued  the  enemy  north- 
ward. 


THE   LONG   DAY.  45 

The  conjunction  was  accurately  due  at  the  l?*- 
12'"  56^  48''"  18'^  16^  47^'  24^''  26^"''  40'^  of  that  day, 
counting  from  its  sunset  beginning,  say  at  our 
13™  past  11  A.  M.  of  Tuesday,  December  2V'-  It 
is  at  this  juncture,  therefore,  that  the  incidents 
recorded  in  Joshua  x,  12,  14,  took  place,  and 
which,  as  we  have  seen,  are  now  so  circumstan- 
tially verified  by  History,  Geography,  Chronol- 
ogy, and  Astronomy  acting  in  concert.  They 
are  ' '  written ' '  as  f  oIIoavs  : 

''Then  spake  Joshua  to  the  Lord,  in  the  day 
when  the  Lord  delivered  up  the  Amorites  before 
the  Children  of  Israel,  and  he  said  in  the  sight  of 
all  Israel,  '  JSun,  stand  thou  still  upon  Gib  eon ; 
and  thou  moon^  in  the  valley  of  Ajalon.^ 

''AND  THE  SUN  STOOD  STILL,  AND  THE 
MOON  STAYED,  until  the  people  had  avenged 
themselves  upon  their  enemies. 

"Is  not  this  [also^]  written  in  the  book  of 
Jasher  ? 

"  So  the  sun  stood  still  IN  THE  MIDST  OF 
HEAVEN,  and  hasted  not  to  go  down,  ABOUT 
A  WHOLE  DAY. 

"And  there  was  no  day  like  THAT  before  it,  or 
after  it,  that  the  Lord  barkened  unto  the  voice 
of  a  man  :  For  the  Lord  fought  for  Israel." 

The  Hebrew  text  states  that  the  command  to 
the  Sun  and  Moon  was  ' '  Be  Silent ! ' '  and  that 
the  duration  of  this  "Silence"  was  about  a 
whole  day,"  /.  e.,  24  +  hours. 

*  Vide  Appendix.  A. 


46  THE   VOICE   OF    HISTORY. 

It  therefore  covered  the  remaining  part  of 
Tuesday,  and  ran  over  {iifull  24  hours)  to  about 
the  corresponding  hour  of  Wednesday,  and 
thereafter,  up  to  that  sun-down,  the  remaining 
hours  of  Wednesday  were  comjDleted. 

It  is  now  to  be  noticed  that  within  the  first 
13  minutes  which  succeeded  the  resumption  of 
relative  motion,  the  delayed  Conjunction  must 
have  taken  j)lace,  and  therefore  that  it  occurred 
just  where  our  modern  reversion  of  the  cycles  de- 
mands, i.  6.,  upon  a  Wednesday  agreeing  with 
the  very  sequence  of  the  week-days  now  kept  in 
our  modern  Calendars,  and  1,217,530  days  before 
our  Tuesday,  June  17th,  1890. 

The  particular  sun-dow^n  which  succeeded  this 
conjunction  thus  marked  the  Hebrew  origin  of 
Thursday,  the  933,287th  "day  of  the  world,"  and 
sometime  during  it,  and  the  next  day,  Friday, 
Joshua  in  ay  (?)  have  returned  to  his  winter  camp 
at  Gilgal  in  time  to  rest  upon  tlie  Sabbath,  which 
was  the  28th  day  of  the  month. 

Without  knowing  at  all  how  the  actual  days 
of  the  weeJi  fell  into  the  account,  there  has 
always  heretofore,  been  more  or  less  controversy 
over  verse  15  in  the  account  of  this  battle,  where 
we  are  told  that  ' '  Joshua  returned  and  all  Israel 
with  him,  into  camp  at  Gilgal.''  A  great  many 
supj)ose  that  this  indicates  a  temporary  return, 
and  that  Gilgal  was  again  left  upon  the  receipt 
of  news  that  the  five  kings  were  in  a  cave  at 
Makkedah.      As  we  have  pointed   out  he  may 


31ILITARY   COMMENTARY.  47 

have  done  so,  but  from  the  military  standpoint 
such  a  view  is  utterly  untenable,  and  a  more 
careful  exegesis  of  the  whole  chapter  bears  us 
out  in  the  conclusion  that  this  was  not  at  all  the 
case.  It  is  the  opinion  of  the  writer  that  Joshua 
was  fortunate  if  his  armies  got  back  into  their 
camp  at  all  that  winter,  and  at  any  rate  that  this 
particular  Sabbath  rest  was  spent  at  Makkedah, 
where  his  temporary  camp  was  most  naturally 
pitched  during  the  closing  hours  of  the  ' '  Long 
Day ' '  under  discussion. 

A  Military  Commentary. 

The  Xth  chapter  of  Joshua  describes  an  entire 
campaign.  In  the  first  five  verses  we  have  a 
general  account  of  the  incidents  which  occasioned 
it,  and  their  chronology  sweeps  from  Israel's 
entrance  into  hither-Palestine,  down  to  the  winter 
when  this  particular  campaign  was  undertaken. 
The  next  two  verses  refer  to  the  day  (Monday)  on 
which  the  news  reached  Joshua.  And,  in  order 
to  allow  him  as  many  of  its  full  24  hours  for  his 
preparations,  as  the  succeeding  context  requires, 
we  may  be  sure  that  the  messengers  of  the 
Gibeonites  must  have  left  their  own  city  ui^on 
Sunday,  or  the  first  day  of  the  week.  We  are 
here  making  a  close,  but  none  the  less  important, 
chronological  point ;  for,  by  the  time  we  have 
reviewed  this  chapter,  it  will  be  thereby  patent 
that  it  fairly  gives  us,  day  by  day,  the  incidents 
of  an  entire  week,  concerning  whose  central  and 


48  TJIE   VOICE    OF   HISTORY. 

most  important  day  we  now  know  all  the  chrono- 
logico-astronomical  elements  of  "  the  three 
bodies." 

Joshua's  preparations  were  finished  by  Mon- 
day's sundown  termination,  and  leaving  that 
night  (Tuesday),  the  events  of  the  battle  are 
generally  described  in  the  next  8  verses  (8-15), 
particular  prominence  being  given  to  its  chief 
event, — /.  e.,  to  God's  manifestation  of  i)ower  in 
the  sight  of  all  Israel,  of  her  particular  enemies, 
and  in  fact  of  all  the  world,  since  we  have  inde- 
pendent testimony  thereof  from  secular  re- 
cords. This  closes  the  first  sketch,  as  it  were, 
and  naturally  ends  with  verse  15  as  an  outcome 
of  the  matter. 

The  12  verses  which  follow  (16-27)  contain  the 
special  details  of  additional  circumstances,  and 
refer,  in  reality,  to  events  connected  with  this 
same  Long  Day.  The  sacred  historian  follows 
the  usual  method  of  raconteurs,  who,  having 
given  the  main  facts,  return  to  special  points  and 
clear  them  up  incidentally.  A  reference  to  the 
map  will  indicate  the  probable  routes  taken  by 
the  discomfited  allies.  The  main  body  was 
undoubtedly  driven  via  the  two  Beth-Horons  over 
the  mountains  of  Ephraim,  and  down  by  Ajalon  ; 
thence  they  sought  concealment,  each,  in  their 
own  territory.  But  another  column  could  have 
found  a  more  direct  gate  of  hope  between  the 
mountains  of  Ephraim  and  those  of  Judea.  The 
troops  of  Jerusalem,  however,  with  their  king. 


MILITARY    COMMENTARY.  49 

were  hopelessly  cut  off,  and  certainly  took  the 
Beth-Horon  road  ;  and  it  is  manifest  that  the 
closely  pursuing  Israelites  would  have  kept  them 
in  full  view  as  they  went  down  the  western  slopes 
of  the  mountains  and  turned  towards  Makkedah 
in  the  south.  The  fact,  too,  (16)  that  all  the 
kings  were  eventually  found  hiding  in  a  cave 
near  this  latter  place,  would  imply  that  they  had 
kept  together,  and  had  accomj)anied  the  main 
column.  At  any  rate  the  two  columns  of  refugees 
would  have  ultimately  crossed  each  other  near 
Makkedah.  Here  the  confusion  would  have  been 
still  further  increased,  so  that  there  remained 
nothing  but  concealment  in  that  land  of  caves, 
so  familiar  in  later  days  to  David  and  his  out- 
laws. 

Joshua  must  have  been  in  the  vicinity  when 
this  place  of  concealment  was  discovered,  and 
that  the  battle  was  still  in  its  heat  is  settled  by 
his  commands  recorded  in  verses  18  and  19.  Verse 
20  conducts  the  pursuit  to  its  legitimate  military 
termination,  and  from  verse  21  we  learn  that 
Joshua  himself  had  established  his  headquarters 
at  Makkedah,  probably  from  the  time  that  it 
became  of  such  special  tactical  importance. 

The  Battle  was  now  over,  and  it  is  likely  that, 
as  the  incidents  described  in  verses  22-27  were 
begun,  the  sun  and  moon  took  up  their  accus- 
tomed motions.  There  were  about  7X  hours 
remaining  to  the  day,  and  as  it  closed  (v.  27)  the 
bodies  of  the  dead  kin2:s  were  taken  down  and 


5()  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

cast  back  into  tlie  cave.  It  was  of  course  Thurs- 
day "evening"  (/.  e.  its  beginning)  when  this 
final  work  was  completed.  The  night  of  this 
new  day  was  certainly  spent  in  much  needed 
rest,  but  the  latter  half  of  its  Hebrew  duration 
(its  "morning'')  is  plainly  referred  to  in  verse 
28  as  the  day  on  which  the  city  of  Makkedah 
fell.  The  next  day  (Friday)  was  the  preparation 
for  the  Sabbath,  both  of  which  latter  days,  in 
view  of  all  the  circumstances  of  the  case,  were 
undoubtedly  spent  in  Cam]3  Makkedah, — and  so 
closed  this  most  remarkable  week. 

Beyond  this  point  we  cannot  follow  the  matter 
by  dates,  nor  is  there  any  necessity  for  so  doing. 
The  rest  of  the  chapter  merely  gives  the  broad 
outline  of  the  general  campaign  which  followed, 
and  which  sj^read  from  Gibeon  in  the  north,  to 
Gaza,  indeed,  into  Goshen  itself,  ui3on  the  very 
borders  of  Egypt,  and  thence  due  east  to  Kadesh- 
barnea  (41).  That  it  was  continuous  is  shown  by 
verse  42,  and  by  the  carefully  recorded  sequence 
between  its  six  sieges  (Makkedah,  Libnah,  Lach- 
ish,  Eglon,  Hebron,  and  Debir,  to  say  nothing  of 
innumerable  minor  cities  implied  in  the  account) 
and  its  one  pitched  engagement  (verse  33) ;  that 
it  was  relentless,  and  for  good  cause,  we  may  be 
sure  from  verse  40,  and  that  not  until  it  was  com- 
pletely finished  (probably  not  before  Spring  was 
well  advanced)  did  Joshua  return  to  Gilgal,  is 
settled  by  verse  43. 


conquest  of  palestine.  51 

The  Conquest  of  Palestine. 

Thus  ended  the  second  of  Israel's  campaigns 
for  the  conquest  of  the  land  upon  "this  side  of 
the  Jordan, ' '  nor  can  we  refrain  from  pointing 
out  the  consummate  generalship  with  which  the 
three  campaigns — that  of  the  Center  for  Samaria, 
of  the  South  for  the  Amorite  country,  and  of  the 
North  for  Galilee, — are  strategically  united. 

By  passing  up  the  eastern  side  of  Palestine  un- 
til opposite  Jericho,  the  land  was  entered  in  what 
from  the  military  stand-point  we  term  its  '  'middle 
zone."  Here  the  decisive  battle  of  Jericho,  and 
the  eventually  successful  campaign  against  Ai, 
struck  such  a  sudden  and  stunning  blow  against 
the  inhabitants  that  for  a  long  time  the  now  sep- 
arated Northern  and  Southern  nations  hesitated 
to  meet  Joshua  in  open  contest.  The  Gibeonites 
obtained  immunity  by  a  cunning  stratagem,  and 
en  route  through  their  territory,  from  the  first 
and  original  Camp  Gilgal  (Josh.  iv.  19),  the  host 
moved  north  to  that  Gilgal  which  is  in  the  land 
of  Ephraim,  and  which  became  their  second  and 
really  "permanent  camp." 

The  new  year  2554  A.  M.  had  now  begun,  and 
its  fall  was  spent  in  preparations  for  the  first 
winter  in  the  land.  The  spring  of  this  year  un- 
doubtedly found  Joshua  busily  engaged  in  the 
operations  around  Mt.  Ebal  (Josh.  viii.  30-35) 
quite   near  to  his  permanent  camp.      Here  he 


52  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

caused  the  great  altar  to  be  erected  out  of  wliole 
stones  whereon  no  man  had  ever  raised  a  chisel, 
and  thereafter  the  entire  law  of  Moses  was  hewn 
into  it.  This  undertaking  must  have  consumed  a 
good  part  of  the  rest  of  that  year,  and  in  view  of 
the  care  with  which  it  was  done,  a  careful  archaeo- 
logical examination  of  Mt.  Ebal  might  repay 
modern  research  and  exploration  far  better  than 
the  costly  excavations  in  the  ruins  of  Babylon. 

This  undertaking  Avas  not  only  accomplished  in 
the  presence  of  all  Israel,  but  when  completed 
was  followed  by  a  celebrated  feast,  no  doubt  the 
New  Year  feast  of  2555  A.  M.,  at  which  every 
word  that  Moses  had  ever  commanded  was  read 
in  the  ears  of  all  concerned. 

Israel  now  returned  to  Gilgal,  spent  the  Fall  in 
preparation  for  their  second  winter,  and  at  its 
solstice  became  involved  in  the  campaign  we  have 
just  examined. 

It  is  not  to  be  understood  that  the  Amorites,  in 
so  far  as  they  were  concerned,  entered  upon  this 
undertaking  without  long  and  careful  prepara- 
tion. From  the  very  passage  of  the  Jordan  they 
had  become  demoralized  (Josh.  v.  i),  the  fall  of 
Jericho  had  vastly  increased  the  fame  of  Joshua 
throughout  all  the  country,  (vi.  27),  and  the  de- 
struction of  Ai,  with  which  the  opening  cam- 
paign ended,  followed  by  the  defection  of  the 
Gibeonites,  manifestly  demanded  caution  and  we 
need  not  doubt  begot  it.  Nevertheless,  their  ar- 
rangements, conceived  from  the  first  (ix.  1-2),  at 


CONQUEST   OF   PALESTINE.  53 

last  took  form  (x.  1-5),  and  met  the  fate  which 
we  have  sketched. 

To  his  military  position  between  the  northern 
and  southern  peoples  of  the  land  is  no  doubt  due 
the  fact  that  none  of  the  former  were  included  in 
this  effort ;  not  indeed  that  it  would  have  been 
any  more  successful,  but  none  the  less  from  every 
stand-point  Joshua' s  generalship  is  exalted. 

Joshua  occujpied  Palestine  as  Napoleon  did  the 
held  of  Austerlitz,  and  having  now  swept  its  cen- 
ter and  south,  save  the  city  of  Jerusalem,  and  the 
land  of  the  Gibeonites,  was  in  the  most  advan- 
tageous situation  to  accej)t  the  challenge  of  the 
northern  kings. 

His  campaign  against  them  is  described  in  the 
next  chapter,  xi,  and  was  by  far  the  most  pro- 
longed of  the  three  (verse  18),  consuming  proba- 
bly at  least  two  and  a  half  of  the  three  remaining 
years,  and  at  their  termination  "the  land  rested 
from  war"  for  the  remainder  of  his  days. 

The  land  was  thus  conquered  '  'in  detail, ' '  and 
from  the  "center  outwards,"  nor  has  modern 
warfare  any  fault  to  find  with  his  fundamental 
military  principles. 

COREOBORATED   BY   EcLIPSES. 

But  to  return  again  to  the  discussion  of 
Joshua's  Long  Day,  and  of  the  true  chronology 
thence  resulting.  Of  course,  the  announcement 
of  this  calculation  has  awakened  criticism  and 
dispute.     For  instance :  It  has  been  pertinently 


54  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

asked,  why  ' '  if  this  line  of  time  is  now  at  last 
SO  accurately  defined,  does  not  the  professor  make 
it  pass  through  some  well  known  date,  or,  better 
yet,  string  an  eclipse  or  so  upon  it,  so  that  we, 
who  prefer  to  feel  our  way  carefully  backward 
from  the  present  rather  than  boldly  start  out  from 
Adam' s  era  of  '  Paradise, '  may  at  least  have  some 
one  of  these  lunation  mile-stones  marked  with  its 
true  and  intelligible  elements  ?  Until  this  is  satis- 
factorily done  we  shall  continue  to  be  in  doubt  as 
to  whether  even  this  new  moon  conjunction  (to  say 
nothing  of  its  extra  astronomical  pretensions)  is  a 
'fake'  or  a  'fact.'  " 

The  position  taken  by  this  correspondent  is  the 
natural,  modern  and  scientific  one  and  I  should 
be  certainly  "in  the  vocative"  if  I  could  not 
furnish  astronomical  waymarks,  backward  from 
the  present,  so  well  as  forward  from  creation's 
dawn,  whereby  to  verify  my  work. 

It  is  as  manifest  to  me,  as  it  can  be  to  a  "  prac- 
tical astronomer,"  that  if  my  line  of  lunations 
is  correct  I  should  be  able  to  identify  upon  it  some 
of  the  eclipses  of  the  past.  This  is  exactly  what 
I  can  do,  and  in  fact  what  I  have  already  done  in 
order  to  verify  my  calculations  to  my  own  satis- 
faction, and  with  this  result :  That  the  line  being 
correct  it  serves  to  identify  every  eclipse  both  of 
sun  and  moon  that  has  ever  occurred,  or  ever  can 
occur  so  long  as  the  solar  system  obeys  the  laws 
that  now  govern  it. 


CORROBORATED   BY   ECLIPSES.  55 

This  is  not  so  extraordinary  a  claim  as  it 
seems.  All  solar  eclipses  must  occur  at  new- 
moon,  and  all  lunar  ones  at  full  moon.  There  are 
at  a  maximum  but  70  possible  eclipses  in  a  '  'Team' ' 
or  sequence  of  18  years  and  10  to  11  days,  after 
which  they  repeat  in  exactly  the  same  sequence, 
and  so  move  down  the  ages  as  unerring  sign-posts. 

These  sign-posts  are  planted  by  the  moon  in  her 
lunations,  and  if  we  have  her  line  correctly,  we 
can  certainly  identify  not  only  any  eclipse  of  His- 
tory, but  all  the  rest,  whether  recorded  or  not. 
Now  to  identify  a  single  one,  recorded  some  years 
ago,  is  to  demonstrate  to  a  "practical  astron- 
omer' '  that  the  line  is  right,  and  this  I  shall  pro- 
ceed to  do. 

Let  us  therefore  refer  to  my  original  announce- 
ment, made  in  the  New  Haven  Register,  of  June 
21st,  1890,  but  by  printers'  mishap  somewhat  dis- 
arranged. The  proper  announcement  was  that 
802  lunar  years  and  2  lunations  ago,  Joshua's 
Beth  Horon  conjunction  was  repeated,  /.  e.,  re- 
occurred  in  due  mathematical  relation  to  the 
zenith  of  the  same  place. 

As  already  noted,  one  must  always  speak  ad- 
visedly as  to  repetitions,  and  with  a  full  knowl- 
edge that  they  are  merely  approximations  at  best, 
and  are  of  value  to  almanac  makers  only  accord- 
ing to  their  degree.  Our  modern  almanac  makers 
are-  generally  content  with  accuracy  to  days  or 
hours,  or  at  most  to  minutes,  rarely  to  seconds, 
but    the  universe   exhausts  the  very   ultimate. 


5G  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTOllY. 

Now  the  re-conjunction  to  whicli  I  then  referred, 
(aside  from  any  of  its  merely  local,  or  Beth  Horon 
concomitants,  to  which  however  it  was  duly,  and 
mathematically  related),  took  place  upon  March 
29th,  1112,  A.  D.,  and  as  I  announced  in  the  'New 
Haven  Register^  of  July  2d,  1890,  it  was  then 
additionally  marked  by  a  solar  ecli]Dse,  to-wit  No. 
52  of  the  Regular  Team.  There  Avas  no  eclipse, 
but  simply  a  conjunction,  upon  the  Day  of  Beth 
Horon,  but  in  1112  A.  D.,  the  eclipse  referred 
to  was  brought  about  by  the  fullness  of  otlier 
cycles. 

This  eclipse  of  March  29,  1112  A.  D.  was  fol- 
lowed the  next  month  (April  13),  by  a  lunar 
eclipse  (No.  53),  and  at  autumnal  equinox  of  that 
year  (September  22-3),  the  sun  was  again  eclii)sed 
circa  the  first  points  of  Libra  (No.  54).  This 
latter  eclii)se  was  followed  the  next  month 
(October  6)  by  another  lunar  eclipse  (No.  bb)^  and 
on  March  IS,  1113  A.  D.  (/.  e.,  exactly  12  luna- 
tions, or  one  full  lunar  year,  after  the  one  with 
which  we  started)  at  the  19tli  hour  of  the  day,  a 
full  solar  eclipse  (No.  ^^)  occurred  at  JERUSALE:\r, 
and  loas  then  and  there  recorded^  as  will  be 
found  by  consulting  the  records  of  eclipses. 
Beth  Horon,  Ajalon  and  Gibeon  are  but  a  few 
miles  north-west  of  Jerusalem,  and  an  eclipse 
which  involved  one  would  almost  certainly  have 
compassed  the  others.  This  was  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  I.  of  England,  and  of  Baldwin  I.  of  the 
"  Latin  Kingdom  of  Jerusalem.'' 


CORROBORATED   BY   ECLIPSES.  57 

Here,  then,  we  have  tied  ourselves  to  an 
eclipse  which  is  actually  recorded,  and  have  thus 
verified  tlie  u?ier7^lng  B^ccuvacj  of  our  "line  of 
time."  Let  me  here  state  further  that  this  latter 
eclipse  (No.  56)  will  be  repeated  on  April  16th, 
1893,  A.  D.,  as  a  necessary  resultant  of  the  very 
same  celestial  mechanism,  and  may  be  predicted 
far  more  certainly  than  we  can  count  ii]3on  the 
future  chimes  of  any  earthly  chronometer — upon 
that  day  the  sun  Avill  set,  eclij)sed,  at  Jerusalem. 

To  return  now  to  our  eclipse  No.  52,  which 
we  stated  to  have  specially  marked  the  "re- 
petition" of  the  Beth  Horon  conjunction  of  Josh- 
ua's day.  The  distance  apart  of  these  two  new 
moons  is  exactly  31,604  lunations,  or  2,555^ 
solar  years,  and  the  first  one,  or  Joshua's,  actual- 
ly occurred  in  the  year  2555  A.  M.,  at  its  winter 
solstice. 

But  as  it  is  fairly  demanded  that  the  trace  shall 
be  hackward  from  the  present,  rather  than  for- 
ward from  an  origin  of  time  which  is  under  dis- 
pute, let  us  take  the  new  moon  of  this  jjresent 
month,  now  shining,  and  full  to-day,  (Wednes- 
day, July  2d,  1890),  which  by  the  way  is  the  cen- 
tral day  of  the  current  solar  year,  as  we  mod- 
erns fix  it,  in  the  A.  D.  system,  and  which  may 
be  still  further  anchored  to  the  rigid  facts  of  the 
solar  system  by  noting  that  this  ' '  fullness ' '  occurs 
with  the  sun  in  Apogee,  and  the  moon  in  Perigee. 

It  is  thus  manifest  that  we  could  not  have  a 
better,  nor  more  remarkable  lunation  from  which 


58  THE   VOICE   OF    HISTORY. 

to  reverse  our  cycles,  and  feel  backward  to  that 
far  greater  one  which  is  the  object  of  our  studies. 

This  modern  lunation  under  consideration,  was 
renewed  upon  June  17th,  1890;  reckoning,  then 
from  it,  3,435  lunar  years,  and  10  lunations  ago, 
marks  the  conjunction  of  Joshua's  Long  Day. 

In  other  words,  the  time  backward  is  41,230 
lunations,  no  more  and  no  less,  and  they  pass 
through  every  eclipse  both  in  history  and  out  of 
history,  because  they  start  with  the  very  last 
eclipse  of  history,  to- wit:  the  annular  one  of  the 
sun,  which  occurred  on  this  very  June  17,  1890, 
(our  "starting  point "),^  and  pass  through  the 
group  mentioned  in  1112  and  1113  A.  D.! 

In  the  humble  oiDinion  of  the  writer,  this  cal- 
culation has  come  to  stay,  and  some  day  to  be 
recognized  at  its  full  and  intrinsic  value,  and  he 
is  confident  that  if  he  could  calculate  the  trajec- 
tory of  a  human  projectile  as  unerringly  as  he  can 
rely  on  the  motions  of  those  that  Jehovah  has 
placed  in  the  Heavens  for  "signs  and  for  sea- 
sons,'" in  so  far  as  Adam's  race  is  concerned,  he 
would  feel  very  little  anxiety  for  America  in  time 
of  foreign  war  even  if  he  had  to  fight  her  battles 
single-handed.  In  the  meantime  it  may  be 
maintained  that  while  the  Bible  needs  no  human 
bolstering  to  supi)ort  its  infinite  accuracy,  never- 
theless we  are  constrained  to  believe  that  the 
human  understanding  itself  does  need  such 
helps  as  this  and  similar  calculations,  in  order  to 

*  Vide  Appendix  C 


VERIFIED   BY   EQUINOXES.  59 

force  it  back  upon  the  sometime  inevitable  plane 
of  implicit  faith. 

Verified  by  the  Equinoxes. 

As  one  among  several  other  independent  veri- 
fications of  this  calculation  it  is  to  be  noted 
that  the  autumnal  Equinox  last  year,  1889,  was 
the  5,888^^  since  creation,  and  that  it  occurred 
upon  the  2,150,548*^  "  day  of  the  world,"  to- wit: 
upon  Sunday,  September  22d,  1889,  as  we  know 
from  the  government  ephemeris  of  that  year,  and 
which  Sunday,  in  spite  of  Parliamentary  enact- 
ments as  to  Greenwich  mean  noon,  etc.,  did  not 
really  commence  until  its  own  modern  sundown 
had  been  duly  recorded  by  nature  at  the  far-off 
eastern  ' '  jpr  imary  meridian . ' ' 

The  ephemeris'  time  of  this  autumnal  equinox 
was  circa  8''45°'  after  Gfreenwich  mean  noon  of 
that  modern  Sunday,  which  is  set  back  from  the 
ancient  origin  of  day  by  just  six  hours. 

Thus  the  true  time  was  circa  S""  and  45""  after 
the  Greenwich  mean  sunset  'beginning  of  this 
particular  Sunday,  or  9''  37""  31',  etc.  after  its 
sunset  commencement  at  the  most  ancient  "pri- 
mary meridian." 

Nevertheless  it  can  come  so  by  no  possible 
mathematics  without  the  interpolation,  or  '  'inter- 
calation" of  exactly  24  hours. 

This  intercalation  is  demanded  by  the  23^ 
+  hours  ("a^o?^^  2i  whole  day")  which  comi)ass 
the  stoppage  of  relative  motion  upon  Joshua's 


60  THE   VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

Tuesday- Wednesday,  together  with  Hezekiah's 
40  ^^^'  or  ^  of  a  shir/IehouT{l.  e.,  10°  backward  of 
sun  motion),  by  which  the  calendar  was  finally 
set  in  absolute  order. 

All  this  is  proved  by  the  simple  inspection  and 
comparison,  of  the  two  following  equations : 

(a)    ^^—^ —  =  307,220  ^^^^^  6'  9"^  37"  31^  etc. 

which  brings  us  (from  the  original  Sunday)  only 
to  the  9*^  hour  of  a  seventh  or  Sabbath  day  (to- 
wit :  that  of  the  2,150,547*^),  and 


{b)  5888  Y+l  Josbua's  J'^feJ=307,221^^«-9^37" 


31 


in  which  latter  equation  the  9'  37'"  3r,  etc.,  fall 
lohere  tliey  actually  came^ — as  at  creation, — 
namely,  upon  the  requisite  Sunday  or  a  "first 
day  of  the  week,^'  Sept.  22,  1889. 

This  is  the  dictum  of  the  modern  ephemeris, 
and  it  is  tied  to  every  chronological  element  in 
the  whole  solar  system  although  the  latter  con- 
sists of  more  than  250  intimately  interlaced  cycle- 
making  orbs  not  one  of  which  can  be  impugned 
without  the  condemnation  of  all  the  rest. 

In  the  foregoing  equations,  Y  is  the  mean-solar- 
year-value,  and  cannot  now  be  altered  1  second 
plus  or  minus  from  365'  5'  48"'  50^  53  '  and  60' ^ 
Avhile  as  to  the  number  of  years  involved,  the 
rigid  work  of  the  "  British  Chronological  Society" 


SHADOWED    ON    THE    DIAL.  61 

has  demonstrated,  by  the  verification  of  all  the 
eclipses  and  transits,  both  in  and  out  of  history, 
that  the  number  of  years  spanned  from  the  dawn 
of  Genesis  to  our  September  22d,  1889,  is  no 
more,  and  no  less,  than  5,888  of  mean  astronom- 
ical duration.  "^ 

Shadowed  on  the  Dial  of  Ahaz. 

It  is  the  firm  conviction  of  the  writer,  fully 
borne  out  by  certain  conditions  impressed  upon 
the  verification  of  these  events  as  part  of  one 
grand  entirety,  that  the  actual  duration  of  the 
stoppage  of  relative  motion,  in  Joshua's  day, 
was  exactly  23>^rd  hours,  and  that,  to  avoid  cal- 
endric  confusion,  the  High  Priest,  or  official  time- 
keeper naturally  authorized  the  intercalation  of 
a  full  day  (24  hours)  at  the  time  of  the  Beth 
Horon  occurrence :  that,  nevertheless,  it  was  al- 
ways thereafter  a  matter  of  the  most  careful  rec- 
ord that  this  intercalation  was  40  minutes  in  ex- 
cess of  the  truth. 

This  knowledge  must  have  descended  to  the 
days  of  Hezekiah  and  Isaiah,  the  latter  of  whom, 
probably  fully  informed  thereon,  made  double 
purpose  in  his  later  and  equally  extraordinary 
request  that  this  remaining  part  of  the  missing 
hour  might  be,  then  and  there,  made  up,  and  the 
Calendar  thus  made  absolutely  correct. 

For,  while  ix^^'  of  time  have  not  escaped  me  in 
this  verification,  I  can  find  no  indication  of  any 

*  Vide  Appendix  D. 


62  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

ralenclric  change  as  incident  upon  Hezekiah's  re- 
quest. JS'evertlieless,  the  totality  of  time  ])e- 
tween  the  i^rimeval  autumnal  conjunction  in 
"Eden''  and  the  72,S34th,  which  occurred  on 
June  17tli,  1890,  demands  exactly  24  hours'  in- 
terpolation or  intercalation,  for  the  tioo  events. 

All  this  is  also  borne  out  by  a  fair  and  critical 
examination  of  the  texts  concerned;  {vlde^  and 
compare  2  Kings  xx.  1-11 ;  Isa.  xxxviii ;  2  Chr. 
xxxii.  24;  and  Josh.  x.  13;  etc.,  page  5). 

Hezekiah  ascended  the  throne  at  the  end  of 
3278  A.  M.,  and  died  at  the  end  of  3307  A.  M., 
having  reigned  exactly  29  years,  the  last  15  being 
from  Equinox  to  Equinox.  The  Dial  incident 
occurred  at  the  beginning,  or  autumnal  Equinox 
of  the  Solar  year  3293  A.  M.,  /.  e.,  just  15  exact 
Solar  years  before  his  death. 

Isaiah's  visit  to  him  was  \x^o\\  Wednesday  the 
1,202,744th  "day  of  the  world.''  This  was  the 
18th  day  of  the  1st  Civil  month  of  3293  A.  M., 
and  at  the  18th  hour  thereof  (or  at  "High  Noon" 
reckoning  from  sundown),  the  Sun  went  into 
Autumnal  Equinox. 

It  was  at  this  very  moment,  and  before  Isaiah 
left  the  sick  King's  bedside,  to  which  he  had 
just  previously  returned  (2  Kings  xx.  4,  5),  that, 
at  the  prayer  of  the  Proj^het,  the  ' '  Shadow  went 
back"  10°,  or  40  minutes,  "  ujion  the  Dial  of 
Ahaz." 

The  sign  was  thus  given  at  once,  and  uj^on  the 
actual   Solar  NeAv   Year's  day  and  instant,  al- 


SHADOWED   ON   THE   DIAL.  63 

thougli  from  the  position  of  the  then  current 
year  upon  the  Calendar  the  event  has  until  now 
been  comx)letely  hidden  from  us  moderns. 

There  is  no  reason  to  doubt  that  the  prodigy 
was  quickly  reported  to  the  anxious  monarch,  by 
the  High  Priest  of  the  day,  for  this  latter,  as  the 
official  Calendar  keeper,  would  at  that  very  mo- 
ment have  been  closely  watching  the  Shadow  in 
the  court  without,  and  would  have  been  so  doing 
entirely  unconscious  of  what  was  taking  place  at 
the  same  time  beside  the  sick  bed  in  the  Palace, 
since  he  would,  by  mere  virtue  of  his  office,  have 
been  necessarily  and  'personally  at  the  Dial 
awaiting  the  New  Year  instant!  It  was  at  such 
a  moment  that  ' '  Isaiah  the  prophet  cried  unto 
the  Lord ;  and  He  brought  the  shadow  ten  de- 
grees backward  by  which  it  had  gone  down  in 
theDialof  Ahaz." 

The  significance  of  these  closely  related  cir- 
cumstances is  not  to  be  underrated,  nor  should 
we  lose  sight  of  the  fact  that  we  are  now,  for  the 
first  time,  sufficiently  informed  upon  them  to 
properly  understand  the  rationale  of  what  oc- 
curred upon  this  momentous  day. 

The  Equinox  of  the  year  in  question  was  a  re- 
markable one  at  Jerusalem  just  because  it  oc- 
curred at  local  high-noon.  The  normal  advent 
of  this  particular  Equinox  was  undoubtedly  fore- 
known as  an  astronomical  event,  and  eagerly  antic- 
ipated by  those  skillful  star  gazers.  The  prepara- 
tions for  its  accurate  observation  were  made  be- 


()4  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

forehand  as  certainly  as  in  modern  days  they 
would  have  been  to  watch  a  pre-calculated  ''tran- 
sit of  Yenns/'  Moreover  the  machinery  for  all 
this  observation  already  existed  in  a  most  elabo- 
rate form. 

Ahaz,  more  than  any  of  the  kings  of  Jndah, 
had  turned  his  attention  to  Sabaism  or  star  wor- 
ship (2  Chron.  xxviii),  had  erected  its  astrological 
altars  throughout  the  city  of  his  fathers,  and  he 
had  coiDied  the  design  of  one,  in  particular,  whose 
steps  formed  the  famous  Dial,  from  an  original 
seen  by  him  in  Damascus,  where  he  Avent  to  meet 
Tiglath  Pileser  (2  Kings  xvi).  This  altar  was 
placed  right  in  the  center  of  the  Temple  area ; 
not  only  therefore  was  it  conveniently  located 
for  meridional  observations,  but  from  that  area 
the  access  into  the  King's  Palace  was  direct. 

We  can  thus  easily  picture  to  ourselves  the 
two  groups  who  were  chiefly  concerned  in  the 
event— the  High  Priest,  with  his  attendants, 
carefully  watching  the  Shadow  as  it  moved 
slowly  towards  the  Noon-mark,  and  the  King, 
dying  from  a  carbuncle  in  its  last  stages,  doubt- 
fully listening  to  Isaiah  as  he  promised  him  so 
speedy  a  recovery,  that  in  three  brief  days  he 
could  go  out  and  pay  his  vows  in  person  at  the 
altar.  These  circumstances  also  lend  peculiar 
light  to  the  "sign"  the  prophet  then  and  there 
suggested  in  verification  of  his  message.  What 
was  going  on  without  in  the  Temple' s  court  was 
a  matter  of  general  information.     The  King,  of 


SHADOWED    ON   THE   DIAL.  65 

course,  knew  it ;  Isaiali  knew  it ;  all  Jerusalem 
knew  it ;  and  this  very  fact  may  have  suggested 
to  Isaiah  the  peculiar  fitness  of  this  particular 
sign  under  the  circumstances.  It  was  already 
noon,  and  the  Shadow  was  probably  just  about 
to  fall  into  coincidence  with  the  meridian. 

' '  Shall  the  shadow  go  forward  ten  degrees,  or 
go  back  ten  degrees  ? ' '  now  asked  the  prophet. 

"  And  Hezekiah  answered,  It  is  an  easy  thing 
for  the  shadow  to  go  down  ten  degrees,"  /.  e.  to 
pursue  its  course: — ''^ay,  but  let  the  shadow 
turn  backward  ten  degrees.'' 

In  the  court  without  the  intent  grouj)  are  just 
about  to  announce  the  meridional  coincidence, 
when  lo,  the  shadow  suddenly  reverses  its  easy 
motion,  and  an  unexpected  and  unprecedented 
prodigy  occurs.  The  shadow  moves  suddenly 
and  steadily  backward  over  a  large  section  of 
the  dial,  and  stands  at  the  20  minute  mark. 
Forty  minutes  yet  to  noon  !  There  is  no  doubting 
the  evidence  of  one' s  own  senses,  and  chief  among 
those  who  were  amazed  stood  the  High  Priest 
himself ! 

The  surprise  and  consternation  of  this  function- 
ary can  be  judged  of  in  a  small  degree  by  the 
sense  of  aioe  with  which  the  present  discovery  of 
this  so  unlooked-for  accuracy,  and  the  fitness  of 
the  several  phases  of  the  incident,  must  strike 
the  modern  mind ! 

"  The  third  day,"  (2  Kings  xx.  5.  8)  from  this 
Solar  New  Year  Wednesday- noon,  of  course  brings 


66  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

US  to  the  Sabbath  Day,  the  21st  of  that  current 
month,  and  on  it  the  now  fully  recovered  king- 
most  fittingly  went  up  to  "the  House  of  the 
Lord ' '  to  render  his  doubly  ai)propriate  thanks- 
giving (Isa.  xxxviii.  9-22). 

The  moon  herself  was  equally  affected  upon 
this  occasion,  i.  e.  the  stoppage,  or  actual  rever- 
sion this  time,  was  a  relative  one  of  the  whole  luni- 
terres trial  system. 

But  the  moon  is  not  mentioned  in  the  account, 
because  she  was  Just,  short  of  her  4th  Quarter 
(/.  e.  21.94  days  old),  and,  as  it  was  "high 
noon,"  she  was  of  course  more  than  90°  away, 
/.  e..  Just  below  the  eastern  horizon,  and,  there- 
fore, no  Palestinic  landmarks  could  be  cited  in 
her  behalf.  Nevertheless,  as  all  astronomer's 
know,  the  earth  and  moon  are  so  rigidly  related 
to  each  other  in  their  dominant  cycle  (as  if  a  steel 
bar  Joined  their  centers),  that  in  this  particular 
case  she  is  as  clearly  implied  in  the  ipso  facto  as 
if  her  actual  position  could  have  been  geograph- 
ically fixed. 

It  is  questioned  in  the  ndnd  of  the  writer  to 
which  of  these  two  stupendous  events  in  the  solar 
system  he  should  accord  the  superior  place. 
Perhaps  the  answer  can  never  be  fully  satis- 
factory. The  fact  is  they  form  the  complements 
of  each  other,  and  have  Avritten  into  human 
chronology,  by  their  combined  action,  a  single 
day,  unique  among  all  others,  in  that  it  begins 
and  ends  in  the   "mid-heavfus,"  and  works  from 


PROVED    FROM   THE   ALMANAC.  67 

its  commencement  to  its  close  without  a  setting  or 
a  rising  sun  ! 

Proved  from  the  Almanac. 

But  perhaps  the  simplest  calendric  proof  of  the 
accuracy  of  the  result  of  the  main  calculation 
discussed  in  this  brochure,  i.  e.,  the  verification 
of  Joshua's  Long  Day,  is  the  following,  based 
upon  the  Lunar  or  Metonic  cycle,  a  period  of  19 
tropical  years,  or  19  years  2  hours  and  3  or  4 
minutes  when  the  same  moon  occurs  in  her  235th 
lunation. 

This  period  is  a  familiar  one  to  all  almanac 
makers,  as  well  as  to  all  who  are  versed  in  ecclesi- 
astical or  lunar  chronology. 

Upon  it  depends  the  age  of  the  moon,  or  its 
''epact,''  which  will  be  found  recorded  in  every 
good  almanac. 

By  this  word  ' '  epact ' '  we  mean  ' '  the  age  of 
the  moon ' '  at  the  beginning  of  the  year  under 
consideration,  and  this  depends  upon  the  position 
of  the  year  itself  in  the  current  Metonic  cycle. 
Thus,  in  almanacs  for  this  year  (1890  A.  D.)  the 
epact  is  9,  which  means  that  the  moon  was  9  days 
old  on  the  first  day  of  January.  In  other  words, 
we  are  in  the  lOtli  year  of  the  current  Metonic  or 
soli-lunar  cycle. 

Last  year  (1889  A.  D.)  was,  therefore,  a  9th  year 
in  this  cycle,  and  its  " epact''  was  28. 

Now,  to  ai)ply  this  cycle  to  the  case  in  point, 
z.  e.,    to  the  verification  of  the  lunation  which 


68  THE    VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

marked  Joshua's  "Long  Day,"  it  is  to  be  care- 
fully noted  that  the  results  of  the  calculation 
assert  that  the  sun  and  moon  were  in  accurate 
conjunction  at  mid-day,  of  the  lointer  solstice  of 
2555  A.  M.,  I.  e.,  their  "  epact  ■ '  was  at  that  time 
0,  or  in  other  words  a  cycle  was  then  beginning. 
If  so,  the  age  of  the  moon  at  the  winter  solstice 
of  5888  A.  M.,  or  the  beginning  of  the  3334th  year 
thereafter,  as  determined  by  the  cycle,  should 
agree  with  our  almanacs  of  1889  A.  D.  This  is 
exactly  the  case,  3334 -f-  19  =  ITSjg,  /.  e. ,  there  are 
in  3334  years  just  175  full  cycles,  and  iV^hs  of  a 
cycle.  Hence  the  solar  year  of  duration,  begin- 
ning at  the  winter  solstice  of  1889  A.  D.,  was  the 
9th  year  of  the  176th  Metonic  cycle  from  Joshua's 
Long  Day.  Therefore,  the  age  of  the  moon  at 
that  time  should  have  been  as  required  by  the 
following  table,  giving  the  "epact"  correspond- 
ing to  each  of  the  several  subordinate  years.: — 

The  epact  is  therefore  28,  which  will  likewise 
be  found  to  be  the  ' '  age  of  the  moon ' '  upon  the 
winter  solstice  (Dec.  21^*)  of  1889. 

Any  one  may  verify  this  by  consulting  a  last 
year's  Almanac  or  Ephemeris.  But  it  may  be 
proved  from  an  almanac  of  the  current  year 
(1890),  by  noting  the  following  which  has  al- 
ready been  alluded  to. 

The  ' '  epact ' '  this  year  is  9,  therefore  the  year 
is  No.  10  in  the  cycle,  hence  last  year,  1889,  was 
the  9^^  year  in  the  cycle,  consequently  its  "epact," 
from  the  opposite  table,  was  28.     But  the  "win- 


69 


THE  176th  METONIC  CYCLE 

FROM  JOSHUA'S  LONG  DAY. 


A.  D.  Years. 

Age  of  Year  in 
the  Cycle. 

Corresponding 

Epact  or 
Age  of  Moon. 

1881    

1    

0 

1882    

2    

11 

22 

3 

14 

25 

1883    

3    

1884    

4    

1885    

5 

1886    

6    

1887    

7    

6 

1888    

8    

17 

1889  

9  

28 

1890    

......  10  

9 

1891    

1892    

11  

20 



12    .  .   . 

1 

1893    

13    

12 

1894  ...... 

1895    

14    

„ 23 

15    

4 

1896    

15 

189*7    

17   .... 

26 

1898    

18    

7 

1899    

19    

18 

.  ..J 

70  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

ter  solstice"  of  our  modern 
falls  exactly  one  lunar  year  (354  days),  after  the 
beginning  of  the  solar  year  January  1^*,  hence 
the  age  of  the  moon,  upon  both  dates,  was  ap- 
proximatel}^  the  same,  /.  e.^  28  days,  and  there- 
foi'e  its  age  at  winter  solstice  in  2555  A.  M.  was 
0 — i.  e.,  the  moon  was  new,  or  in  conjunction. 

Now  there  is  no  astronomic  loop-hole  here, 
through  which  to  escape  the  Q.  E.  D.  of  this 
result,  for  as  the  age  of  the  moon  at  winter 
solstice  of  1889  A.  D.,  was  certainly  28  days, 
the  year  of  the  cycle  was  as  certainly  a  9^^,  and 
as  the  epact  of  the  moon  at  winter  solstice  of  the 
current  year  (1890  A.  D.)  is  certainly  9,  the  year 
itself  is  a  10th  year  upon  the  Era  dating  from 
the  winter  solstice  of  2555  A.  M.  And,  finally, 
the  cycle  we  are  now  in  must  be  the  176^*"  from 
the  winter  solstice  which  marked  Joshua' s  Beth 
Horon  conjunction,  because,  otherwise,  every 
eclipse  of  history  would  be  thrown  out  of  place, 
as  is  manifest  by  a  reference  to  the  single  group 
which  we  have  already  identified. 

The  fact  is,  the  beauty  and  accuracy  of  Biblical 
Chronology,  when  rightly  understood,  is  beyond 
the  compass  of  human  language.  It  absolutely 
exhausts  our  finite  means  of  numerical  ex- 
pression, and  dwarfs  the  ken  of  even  the  sub- 
limest  mortal  intellect. 

To  the  minds  of  the  faithful  the  foregoing  dis- 
coveries and  demonstrations  will  be  welcomed 
with  the  keenest  satisfaction,  and,  in  that  they 


THE   APOLOGISTS   ARRAiaNED.  71 

redound  unto  the  glory  of  Jehovah,  they  will 
gladly  join  the  writer  in  the  additional  homage 
which  they  cannot  but  beget  towards  Him  who  is 
again  shown  by  these  humble  efforts  to  be  faith- 
ful and  true  forever  and  forever. 

It  has  thus  been  permitted,  to  this  almost  al- 
ready faithless,  and  certainly  final,  generation  of 
the  present  dispensation,  to  thrust  its  hands  into 
the  wounds  of  time,  in  order  that  perchance  they 
might  thereby  recover  their  integrity,  and  accept 
the  literal  Word  of  God ;  yet  none  the  less  will 
the  former  generations  ever  be  more  blessed,  in 
that  they  '  'have  not  seen,  and  yet  have  believed." 

The  Apologists  Arraigned. 

And  this  brings  us  to  a  point  where  we  can 
once  again,  and  with  the  most  feeling  emphasis, 
condemn  that  particular  and  blasphemous  phase 
of  the  so-called  ''higher  criticism,"  upon  whose 
shoulders  so  much  of  the  infidelity  loltJiin  the 
fold  can  certainly  be  laid. 

It  is  nothing  short  of  scandalous  to  the  Chris- 
tian Church  that  it  has  so  long  permitted  the 
very  highest  seats  among  the  teachers  of  our  gen- 
eration, and  the  loftiest  pulpits,  to  be  filled  by 
men  who  openly  teach  disbelief,  which  is  ' '  infidel- 
ity," in  the  grandest  chapters  of  the  Bible,  and 
who,  by  their  continued  and  j)romiscuous  apol- 
ogies to  the  enemy  ( 2  Thess.  ii ),  and  their  abso- 
lutely unwarranted  and  frivolous  analysis  of  the 
Infinite  Word,  seek  to  make  it  of  none  effect. 


72  THE    VOICE   OF   lllSTOKY. 

and  so  take  all  its  saving  power  away  from  those 
who  otherwise  would  gladly  hear,  and  having 
heard,  obey. 

It  is  certainly  imperative,  in  that  now  it  is  in 
fact  the  last  few  moments  of  the  dread  "  lialf- 
hour  of  silence ' '  which  succeeds  the  Opening  of 
the  Seventh  Seal  (Eev.  viii.  1),  for  men  to 
break  away  from  those  who  demonstrate  that 
they  have  naught  to  sell,  and  hasten  back  unto 
"Moses  and  the  ProxDhets,"  if  perchance  there 
may  be  time,  yet,  to  replenish  their  lamps  with 
oil,  so  soon  and  certainly  to  be  sorely  needed ! 

What  the  church  of  these  starving  ' '  latter 
days"  most  needs,  is  a  pure  Biblical  exegesis, 
founded  upon  explicit  faith  in  all  that  the  Word 
contains.  We  need  an  honest  explanation  of  the 
Bible,  and  it  is  high  time  to  devote  what  little 
there  is  left  unto  the  teachings  of  the  Prophets. 

The  Sword  of  Damocles. 

It  is  now  a  full  generation  since  our  public 
services  were  conducted  as  if  an  '  'Advent ' '  were 
not  only  promised,  hut  was  imminent.  In  the 
meantime — while  we  have  listened  to  some  of  the 
"doctors"  in  the  pulpit,  as  they  have  plumed 
themselves  with  divers  and  delusive  theories, 
which  not  only  have  no  power  to  save,  but  liter- 
ally damn  the  soul  of  the  believer,  in  that  they 
necessarily  engender  the  most  insidious  forms  of 
infidelity — in  the  meanwhile  the  ''time  of  the 
END ' '  has  literally  crept  upon  us  unawares, — "  for 


THE  SWORD    OF   DAMOCLES.  73 

the  coming  of  the  Lord  draweth  nigh,"  and  be- 
hold tho  Judge  standeth  before  the  door  ! ' ' 

The  whole  tenor  of  the  Scriptures  points  to- 
wards a  calaclysm  at  the  very  height  of  what 
the  world  will  consider  to  be  the  noon  of  prom- 
ise. It  looks  towards  the  very  state  of  affairs 
which  now  surrounds  us,  and  is  in  fact  the  ozone 
of  the  air  we  breathe.  Born  into  a  delusion,  we 
are  blind  to  the  reality,  and,  therefore,  even  as 
predicted,  we  are  now  overtaken  in  the  midst  of 
Avhat  we  deemed  to  be  the  dawn  of  an  eternal 
progress. 

But  the  Prophets  have  not  spoken  in  vain,  for 
the  faithful  have,  to  the  very  limit  of  their  light, 
X)aid  heed  unto  their  words,  while  the  blind, 
though  having  eyes,  have  dwelt  among  these 
same  scenes  with  such  utter  unconcern,  that  now 
they  have  no  ground  wherein  to  plant  a  single 
potential  blade  of  wheat. 

That  the  world  is  about  to  go  into  the  most 
acute  crisis  of  all  history,  may  be  gathered  by  any 
mind  capable  of  generalizing  among  the  diverse 
testimonies  that  surround  us.  Nevertheless  none 
but  "the  wise"  can  possibly  perceive  the  import 
of  this  truth. 

Take  even  that  Epistle  of  James,  which  Luther 
called  an  "Epistle  of  Straw,"  but  which  a  wiser 
man,  wiser  in  the  light  of  modern  tendencies,  can 
perceive  to  be  a  brick  filled  with  straw,  and  there- 
fore bonded  with  endurance,  and  let  any  man,  con- 
cerned with  the  problems  of  the  day,  and  con- 


74  TJIK    VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

vinced  as  to  their  outcome,  which  is  clearly  set 
forth  by  Paul  in  2  Thessalonians  Chaj^ter  ii,  read 
the  fifth  chapter  of  this  straw  epistle.  He  will  see 
in  it  the  same  gospel,  the  same  truth,  the  same 
inevitable  catastrophy,  and  not  until  the  human 
race  shall  have  passed  through  it  will  he  see  the 
faintest  promise  of  millennial  prosperity. 

The  True  Chronology. 

But  to  return  to  our  own  peculiar  theme.  The 
results  at  which  we  have  been  ];)ermitted  to  arrive 
were  only  rendered  possible  by  the  previous  pub- 
lications of  the  British  Chronological  Society,  and 
by  them  in  fact,  was  the  original  idea  of  attempt- 
ing this  problem  begotten.  We  therefore  wish 
to  testify  in  the  behalf  of  their  inestimable  re- 
searches, and  to  urge  upon  all  faithful  Christians 
to  possess  themselves  at  once  of  whatever  they 
can  reach  of  their  results.  Not  only,  however, 
have  we  used  these  works  very  freely  in  our  cal- 
culations, but  we  are  particularly  indebted  to 
them  for  the  basis  of  our  chronological  tables  at 
the  end  of  this  volume.  Most  of  the  original 
data  we  have  verified,  and  whatever  we  have 
added  has  but  demonstrated  the  exactness  of 
their  system.  We  therefore  endorse  these  publi- 
cations with  as  little  reserve  as  maybe  due  to  hu- 
man labors  for  the  truth,  and  we  assert  that  no 
arguments  based  upon  any  former  hax)- hazard 
systems  of  chronology  can  be  held  to  militate 
against  our  own  discoveries,  unless  at  the  same 


THE    SIXTH    MILLENAKY.  /O 

time  they  overthrow  the  system  referred  to,  and 
which  has  now  for  the  j)ast  ten  years,  been 
fully  set  forth  in  their  annual  almanac  entitled 
''All  Past  Time/' 

When  that  system  is  shaken,  the  solar  system 
must  also  be  moved  out  of  its  ajppointed  harmony, 
and  until  it  is  so  moved,  Joshua's  "Long  Day," 
and  Hezekiah's  lengthened  shadow  of  the  sun, 
which  have  at  last  been  identified,  will  henceforth 
be  "one  day  known  unto  the  Lord"  and  revealed 
unto  his  people  for  a  central  and  perpetual  point 
(T appitl  in  Chronological  Astronomy. 

The  writer  has  verified  this  "line  of  time"'  at 
all  the  crucial  dates  of  history,  and  to  the  very 
last  elements  of  the  cycles,  they  work  out  with- 
out error  in  their  progress,  to  our  present  day. 

Beyond  this  testimony,  and  the  few  brief  and 
simple  arguments  hereinbefore  given,  we  cannot 
go  at  this  present  without  introducing  the  un- 
wieldy volume  of  abstruse  and  confusing  figures 
incident  ui)on  the  direct  calculation.  But  there 
are  a  few,  collateral  to  these,  to  which  we  must 
call  attention  efe  we  close. 

The  Six  Thousand  Years  of  Creation. 

Joshua's  Long  Day,  of  47>^rd  hours  duration, 
from  its  Tuesday  to  Thursday' s  sunsets,  was  the 
last  day  in  broad  prophetical  chronology  which 
is  to  be  wholly  counted  as  Solar  Time.  That  is, 
this  particular  "Day"  marked  an  important  era 


76  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

in  the  world' s  scriijtural  history,  which  is  now  to 
be  revealed,  to-wit : 

Since  that  Day  the  millenaries  have  been 
"shorteiiecr'  to  lunar  years,  so  that  there  will 
extend  from  thence  3444^+  lunar  years  to  March 
1899,  A.  D.  The  sum  of  the  2555^+  "  long,''  or 
solar  years,  up  to  that  day,  and  the  3444%-f."" 
' '  shortened ' '  or  lunar  years,  from  thence  to  the 
specified  equinox,  is  exactly  6,000:  Thus  some 
particular  day  near  the  vernal  equinox  of  the 
year  1899,  A.  D.,  will  accurately  terminate  the 
6th  millenary  since  creation. 

When  it  is  borne  in  mind  that  the  consensus 
of  the  faithful,  in  all  generations,  has  anticipated 
that  such  a  date  will  be  frought  with  stuj)endous 
changes  in  the  Divine  method  upon  earth,  its 
possible  import  must  become  apparent  to  all  who 
are  additionally  impressed  with  the  startling 
character  of  the  days  in  which  we  live. 

Joshua — Christ — Columbus. 

Exactly  1441  solar  years  forward  from  that 
winter  solstice,  which  thus  marked  one  of  the 
two  most  notable  exhibitions  of  Jehovah' s  power 
which  the  physical  universe  ever  experienced, 
brings  us  to  the  winter  solstice  which  equally 
marked  the  culminating  day  in  the  spiritual 
affairs  of  the  human  race,  to-wit :  the  birth  of  its 
Saviour ;  while  1441  solar  years  later  lands  us  at 
the  birth  of  Columbus,  destined  to  bear  the  story 
(Christoferus)  of  the  Hebrews  to  another  world. 


THE   KEY   TO    CHRONOLOGY.  77 

If  we  go  backward  from  this  Long  Day  for  an 
equal  period,  we  reach  a  day  in  IS'oah's  life 
which,  were  not  the  records  swept  away,  the 
mind  of  faith  must  certainly  rest  satisfied  was 
quite  as  pregnant  with  import  to  a  world  then 
rushing  onward  to  destruction. 

All  the  Mosaic,  and  Noachic  Chronology  veri- 
fies itself — for  they  are  one — upon  the  '  'line  of 
time"  which  we  have  found  to  be  so  fully  en- 
dorsed by  Astronomy,  to  the  very  limit  of  accu- 
racy, and  the  whole  sequence  cries  aloud  against 
those,  be  they  fools  or  knaves,  who  would  belittle 
them  by  measurements  against  the  stature  of 
their  own  littleness. 

The  Key  to  CHROisroLOGY. 

Another  remarkable  fact  connected  with  this 
2555th  '  'year  of  the  world, ' '  is,  that  it  affords  the 
key  to  the  entire  Hebrew  soli-lunar  Calendric 
system.  They  originally  counted  7  lunar-years 
of  354  days  each,  equal  to  2478  days,  and  then 
waited,  or  were  ' 'silent,"  i.  e.,  intercalated^  77,  or 
eleven  full  weeks  of  days,  in  order  to  "float"  the 
lunar  on  to  solar  time.  Thus,  2478+77=2555 
days =7  Solar  years,  i.  €.,  7x365=2555  days. 

This  was  the  fundamental  "Cycle"  or  the  most 
ancient  Calendar,  and  squares  itself  against  every 
date  of  the  Bible  down  to  the  birthday  of  Heber. 
They  could  not  have  intercalated  less  than  this 
number  of  days  without  severing  the  sequence  of 
the  week,  which  they  did  not  dare  to  do.     Nor 


78  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

could  they  have  intercalated  more  without  super- 
erogating  their  Almanac,  whose  sole  object  was 
to  keep  the  "generations"  accurately,  but  at  the 
same  time  in  harmony  with  the  week,  the  luna- 
tion, and  the  solar  year. 

But  in  the  course  of  time,  which  culminated 
around  the  Diluvian  era  certain  considerations 
[too  transcendental  to  be  referred  to  here,  but 
which  are  fully  set  forth  in  '  'All  Past  Time' '  the 
organ  of  the  British  Chronological  Association], 
led  to  the  abandonment  of  this  simple  system  for 
a  cycle  of  "15  years"  somewhat  similar  to  our 
own  of  XIX  years,  and  to  our  solar  cycle  of  28 
years,  but  worked  of  course  upon  a  lunar  basis, 
and  down  to  the  very  end  of  Hebrew  history, 
which  was  swept  into  temj)orary  chaos  at  the  de- 
struction of  Jerusalem,  the  two  systems  run  har- 
moniously through  every  date  enumerated  in  the 
Bible. 

By  that  time,  however,  other  systems,  notably 
the  Roman  were  in  vogue,  with  common  points 
enough,  tangential  to  the  two,  to  allow  of  the  ac- 
curate trace  of  time  back  to  its  origin,  and  it  is 
through  this  now  rectified  line  that  History  can 
confidently  walk,  accompanied  by  an  accurate 
Astronomy  and  by  a  fearless  science  of  Chro- 
nology. 

The  Unbroken  "Week." 

The  fundamental  fact  which  thus  results  is 
that  in  spite  of  all  our  dickerings  with  the  Cal- 
endar, it  is  patent  that  the  human  race  has  never 


THE   UNBROKEN    WEEK.  79 

lost  the  Septenary  sequence  of  the  Weel'  days, 
and  that  the  Sabbath  of  these  latter  times  comes 
down  to  us  from  Adam,  through  the  Flood,  past 
Joshua's  Long  Day,  by  the  Dial  of  Ahaz,  and 
out  of  the  Sepulchre  of  the  Saviour,  without  a 
single  lapse ! 

No  day  is  missing ;  no  cycle  calls  for  less ;  all 
call  for  the  same,  and  all  unite  in  a  concert  of 
testimony  not  to  be  shaken  by  any  ingenuity  of 
man,  or  devil. 

Indeed,  while  with  human  j)erversity  we  have 
deliberately  broken  into  seven  pieces  that  prim- 
eval commandment  whereby  God  sanctified  the 
seventh  day,  (Gen.  ii.  2),  and  blessed  it  as  the 
chief  among  the  seven,  our  very  sin  has  conspired 
to  keep  the  sequence  of  the  week-days  with  a  de- 
gree of  accuracy  not  at  all  to  be  doubted. 

Dating  from  Babel's  confusion,  men  have  pre- 
ferred to  elect  their  own  sacred  day,  and  down  to 
the  present  time  some  Region,  Race,  or  Religion 
has  peculiarly  charged  itself  with  preserving  the 
accurate  sequence  of  its  own  peculiar  day.  Thus, 
the  Assyrians  kept  Wednesday,  the  Persians 
Tuesday,  the  Egyptians  Thursday,  the  Jews  Sat- 
urday, the  Greeks  Monday,  the  Turks  Friday  and 
the  Christians  Sunday.  The  Human  Race  has 
thus  kept  the  week  and  has  kept  it  intact  from 
the  dawn  of  time.  No  chronological  fact  is  so 
sure  as  this,  and  in  it  the  certainty  of  God' s  over- 
ruling i30wer  is  made  plainly  manifest.  It  is  but 
another  instance  of  the  irony  of  ''Kismet." 


80  THE   VOICE   OF    HISTORY. 

Now,  bearing  the  above  and  most  ancient  cal- 
endric  method  in  mind,  it  is  not  a  little  remarka- 
ble that  this  particular  conjunction,  which  marks 
Joshua' s  Long  Day,  and  stands  at  the  dividing 
of  the  Chronological  scale,  occurs  at  the  first 
winter  solstice  of  the  365th  Sabbatic  cycle  of 
Human  History,  to  wit :  at  that  which  followed 
the  865th  Sabbatic  year  itself !  That  is,  365  7th 
years,  of  the  world' s  duration,  lands  us  at  the  end 
of  2554  A.  M.,  which  was  the  2555th  astronomi- 
cal year  complete.  Three  months  forward  brings 
us  to  the  winter  solstice  of  2555  A.  M.  (or  of  as- 
tronomical duration  the  2556th). 

It  was  therefore  during  the  opening  years  of 
such  an  auspicious  cycle,  and  one  so  intimately 
related  to  their  own  Calendar,  upon  the  scale  of 
a  year  to  a  day,  that  Israel  received  the  guar- 
antee of  the  Land  of  Promise,  which  is  yet,  ac- 
cording to  the  covenant,  to  be  made  perpetual. 

The  End  of  the  Age. 

And  now  it  must  be  briefly  stated,  as  an  inevi- 
table concomitant  of  this  sequence  of  Astronom- 
ic events,  tied  to  Chronology  and  History  by 
bonds  which  may  not  be  sundered,  that  the  6000th 
soli-lunar  year  above  mentioned,  to  wit  (1899  A. 
D.)  coincides  with  the  2520th  full  Solar  year 
since  Nabopolassar  shook  off  the  yoke  of  As- 
syria, and,  by  thus  assuming  the  crown  of  Baby- 
lon, commenced  the  "Times  of  the  Gentiles."^ 

•^  See  Appendix  E. 


THE   END    OF   THE   AGE.  81 

His  accession  took  place  in  the  7th  Civil  (1st 
Sacred)  month  of  the  year  3377  A.  M.  The 
''Times  of  the  Gentiles"  therefore  run  out  2520 
years  thereafter,  or  in  March  5897  A.  M.  (our  A. 
D.  1899). 

This  opening  year  of  the  Chaldee- Babylonian 
Era,  3377  A.  M.,  was  "Josiah's  13th  year,"  and 
was  marked  by  the  significant  "caZZ"  of  Jere- 
miah as  a  "Prophet  to  the  l^ations"  (Jer.  i),  a 
fact  which,  in  spite  of  the  author' s  views  recently 
published  in  the  First  "Study  of  Our  Eace"  (The 
Romance  of  History)  struck  the  writer  almost 
dumb  with  astonishment  when  subsequently  it 
was  discovered.^ 

Moreover,  the  2513th  year  of  this  Babylonian 
era  corresponds  to  the  3377th  year  from  the  Exo- 
dus, and  a  half-year  onward  upon  each,  to-wit: 
to  2513>^  and  3377^  respectively,  repeat  exactly, 
the  famous  A.  M.  dates  of  the  Exodus,  and 
accession  of  Nabopolassar !  f 

In  modern  A.  D.  style,  (which,  owing  to  the 
changes  introduced  by  Pagan  and  Papal  Rome, 
and  by  Parliament,  is  1^  years  ahead  in  its 
enumeration  of  ' '  Past  Time ' ' ),  this  date  corres- 
si)onds  to  the  autumnal  equinox  of  1892,  while 
the  seven  final  years  of  the  Babylonian  era,  (uni- 
versally believed  to  be  those  of  Anti-christ  !) 
commence  at  the  Easter  or  Passover  of  this  same 

*  See  Appendix  E,  and  Part  II,  Chronological  Appendix. 
f  Vide  Tabular  Statement,  showing  the  "  End  of  the  Age," 
page  207. 


82  THE    VOICE   OF   HISTOKY. 

year,  (March,  1892),  according  to  our  modern  reck- 
oning.^ 

A  Significant  Year. 

It  is  a  further  remarkable  fact,  that  this  2513th 
year  of  the  Babylonian  era  corresponds  to  the 
5651^^  upon  the  modern  '  ^Jewish ' '  scale  which  year 
commences  upon  September  15th  (1st  day  after 
the  Harvest  moon)  of  the  current  (1890  A.  D.) 
year  {iride  this  year's  almanacs). 

This  number  5651  cannot  be  written  in  Hebrew 
without  suggesting  the  word  Jehovah  !  -This  is 
explained  by  the  fact  that  the  Hebrews  had  no 
hgures  but  employed  their  own  letters  in  lieu 
thereof,  and  read  them  from  right  to  left. 


m  1  n  K 

Thus  )  K  ^  H  A    s^iggests  ^ 

5  6   5  1 


n  1  n  ^ 

HVHI 

5  6  5  ^° 
(5  6  6  0) 


The  zero  at  the  right  having  no  more  value  in 
Hebrew  arithmetic  than  a  zero  at  the  left  in  ours. 
The  first  value  above  given  is  the  more  accurate 
one  chronologically,  it  being  only  an  arithmetical 
pointer,  or  suggestive  of  the  "Tetragrammaton '' 
or  ' '  incommunincable ' '  Hebrew  and  Masonic 
"word"  to  wit:  the  name  of  the  Almighty, 
Je-Ho-Ya-H! 

Now  the  writer,  who  is  a  firm  believer  in  the 
plenary  inspiration  of  the  Bible,  according  to  the 

*  Vide  Appendices  D  and  F. 


A   SOLEMN   WARNING.  83 

strictest  definitions  of  those  who  are  called  "  Pre- 
Millennial  Adventists,"  has  been  fortified  in  this 
faith  by  astro-chronological  investigations,  from 
whose  signification  he  cannot  escape,  and  he 
does  not  hesitate  to  affirm  his  conviction,  as  a  re- 
sultant from  the  consensus  of  testimony  only  out- 
lined here,  that  the  civil  and  sacred  Hebrew  years 
5651-2,  dating  from  September  of  tTils  current 
year  (1890)  and  extending,  by  their  overlap,  to 
March  1892,  will  mark  an  era  of  astounding 
moment,  not  only  to  ''Jews"  the  world  over, 
but  to  such  Christians  as  are  "  awake"  and  accept 
"Moses  and  the  Prophets"  literally  and  without 
the  leaven  of  the  so-called  "  Higher  Criticism."^ 

A  Solemn  Warning. 

But  aside  from  all  acceptance  or  non-accep- 
tance of  prophecy,  these  dates  are  ominous  to  the 
whole  Human  Race,  and  they  portend  events  for 
which  we  are  as  unprepared  as  we  are  to  stand 
before  the  "Judge  of  men" — the  date  of  whose 
literal  advent  is  trembling  in  its  chronological 
concealment,  and  it  almost  seems  certain  must 
announce  itself — although  only  hy  its  own  Fact, 
before  this  final  week  of  years  has  reached  its 
midday  and  meridian  of  terror. 

It  will  probably  be  said  that  the  Avriter  has 
gone  mad,  and  that  his  figures  are  mere  coinci- 
dences,   but   he   stands  upon   too   firm   a   basis, 

*  Vide,  Appendices  G  and  H. 


84  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

founded  upon  the  cycles  themselves,  and  is  too 
deeply  concerned  for  the  Race  of  which  he  is 
so  powerless  a  unit,  to  care  a  straw  what  some 
may  say,  if  so  be,  by  any  adequate  and  honest 
means,  he  can  persuade  as  many  as  will  heed,  to 
look  unto  "the  Rock  whence  they  are  hewn," 
and  to  set  their  houses  and  their  lamx)s  in  order. 

It  is  to  this  end  alone,  that,  guaranteed  by  the 
accuracy  of  the  calculations  which  he  now  an- 
nounces, he  presumes  to  lift  his  voice  in  such  un- 
welcome news  to  the  majority  of  men,  and  he 
would  be  derelict  in  every  duty  which  he  owes  to 
honesty  of  pur]3ose,  weighed  against  the  magni- 
tude of  its  necessity,  as  viewed  from  his  own  con- 
victions, did  he  resist  this  impulse  to  utter  a 
warning  which  in  his  heart  he  does  believe  is 
true. 

And  this  warning  is  to  Judah  in  particular — 
in  that  the  events  with  which  the  days  now  close 
ahead  of  us  are  pregnant,  are  not  to  be  confused 
with  the  Grand  return  unto  their  land,  long  prom- 
ised in  their  prophets. 

The  compact  of  the  immediate  future  is  to  be 
made  by  ' '  many ' '  only,  and  with  Ott^  who  is  to 
come  in  his  oicn  name  I  —  and  woe  to  all  who 
make  it,  (Dan.  x.  xi.  xii). 

It  is  a  plain  fact,  to  those  who  are  still  ' '  wise  ' ' 
in  their  knowledge  of  the  proj^hecies,  that 
' '  Judah ' '  cannot  go  home  to  Palestine  with  any 
hope  of  security  and  blessing,  except  she  goes  in 
company  loitli  and  under  the  protection  of  the 


JEWISH  IKREDENTALISM.  85 

nation  oi  "Israel,"  (Ezek.  xxx.vii)  and  in  the 
faith  and  spirit  of  Isaiah  xxvi  and  xliii. 

A  compact  formed  with  any  other  people,  or 
ruler  upon  earth,  save  one  clearly  identified  as 
DAVID'S  literal  representative,  can  only  be  in 
vain  and  must  lead  to  a  disaster  unparalleled 
even  in  their  own  history. 

Nevertheless,  into  the  temptation  of  just  such 
a  compact  the  trend  of  modern  events  is  inevitably 
moving ;  and  in  spite  of  any  warnings  whatso- 
ever, it  will  be  made  and  paid  for  to  the  very  last 
jot  required  by  prophecy. 

Now  the  circumstances  which  concatenate  to- 
wards such  an  event  are  arranging  themselves  in 
such  an  apparently  natural  order  as  to  promise 
to  deceive  almost  the  very  elect.  To  take  a  sin- 
gle instance.  There  is  at  present  no  apparent 
motion  among  the  Jews,  looking  towards  any 
sudden  awakening  of  a  long  pent  up  and  some- 
time latent  spirit  of  irredentalism.^  Yet  none 
the  less,  just  beneath  the  surface  every  element 
exists,  ready  to  spring  into  activity,  and  become 
world  wide  in  its  influences  and  results,  and 
never  were  those  among  this  scattered  people  in 
a  better  state  of  readiness  for  this  movement.  A 
very  spark  will  light  the  conflagration. 

Jewish  Irredentalism. 

Thus,  in  connection  with  the  coming,  or  at  least 
proposed  Columbian  Celebration  of  1892  A.  D.,  it 

*  See  Appendix  I. 


86  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

is  a  significant  fact  that  its  peculiar  import  to  the 
Jews,  as  a  down  trodden  race  seems  hitherto  to 
have  escajied  all  general  notice. 

In  1492  A.  D.  the  Jews  were  banished  from 
Spain;  later,  from  Portugal  and  France,  and  the 
event  was  considered  by  them  to  be  quite  as  great 
a  calamity  as  the  Roman  destruction  of  Jerusalem. 

Taking  this  into  consideration,  together  with 
the  pointed  query  whether  Columbus  himself  was 
not  a  Jew,  /.  e.,  of  Jewish  parentage  and  extrac- 
tion, it  is  manifest  that  all  the  elements  exist 
which  are  requisite  to  make  the  coming  anniver- 
sary a  most  momentous  one  in  the  opening  an- 
nals of  Hebrew  Irredentalism. 

As  lately  noticed  in  the  '^JewisJt  World,''  no 
people  figure  so  prominently  in  the  history  of 
the  discovery  of  America  as  the  Jews.  The  plans 
and  calculations  for  Columbus'  expedition  were 
largely  the  work  of  two  Hebrew  astronomers  and 
mathematicians.  Two  Jews,  also,  were  employed 
as  interpreters  by  Columbus,  and  one  of  them, 
Luis  de  Torres,  was  the  very  first  European  to 
set  foot  in  the  New  World  I  When  Columbus 
sighted  the  Island  of  San  Salvador  he  imagined 
that  he  was  approaching  a  portion  of  the  East 
Asiatic  coast,  and  he  sent  Torres — who  was  en- 
gaged for  his  knowledge  of  Arabic — ashore  to 
make  inquiries  of  the  natives. 

It  was  probably  this  Torres  who  was  the  Mad- 
rid Jew  to  whom  Columbus  bequeathed  half  a 
mark  of  silver  in  his  will. 


JEWISH   lEREDENTALISM.  87 

Another  curious  fact  is,  that  it  has  been  seri- 
ously suggested,  by  Dr.  Delitsch,  we  believe, 
that  Columbus  was  himself  a  Jew,  or  rather  of 
Jewish  birth. 

The  name  Christopher  was  frequently  adopted 
by  converts,  while  the  surname  Colon  was  borne 
by  a  distinguished  family  of  Jewish  scholars. 

Christopher's  brother,  Diego,  originally  bore 
the  name  of  Jacob,  which  sounds  surprisingly 
like  a  Bhem  Kadosh. 

Perhaps,  during  the  jDreliminaries  to  the  com- 
ing celebrations,  some  Jewish  scholars  in  Italy 
will  make  inquiry  into  the  validity  of  this  daring 
suggestion,  and  at  any  rate  the  vast  import  of 
the  coming  years  to  Judali,  as  at  last  almost  a 
liberated  race,  cannot  be  gainsaid,  nor  is  it  at  all 
extravagant  to  think  these  years  will  witness  a 
final  effort  to  complete  and  celebrate  their  full 
emancipation. 

The  fact  is  we  have  already  entered  upon  a  dec- 
ade filled  with  Jewish  centennials,  the  import  of 
which  cannot  but  increase  as  they  return.  To  refer 
for  instance  to  but  a  single  case :  100  years  ago 
this  year,  the  National  Constituent  Assembly 
was  formed  in  Paris,  and  one  of  their  earliest  acts 
(1790)  was  to  declare  the  Jews  of  Spain  and  Port- 
ugal to  be  Citizens  of  France.  Thus,  for  300 
years,  the  Sephardim  had  been  without  citizen- 
ship in  those  countries,  when  the  nation,  whose 
Napoleon  but  a  few  years  later  reconvened  their 
Grand  Sanhedrim,  helped  them  to  celebrate  their 


88  THE   VOICE   OF    IIISTOIIY. 

tri-centennial  by  an  act  of  emancipation,  whose 
own  centennial  we  are  now  calling  to  mind !  Let 
him,  therefore,  who  sees  nothing  significant  for 
' ' Judah, ' '  in  the  years  now  coming  into  general 
history,  cast  up  his  history  by  cycles,  and  by 
centennials,  and,  if  he  be  at  all  a  "Jew,''  he 
will  find  sufficient  to  amaze  him.  Indeed,  if  we 
read  aright  the  still  latent  portents,  it  is  to  this 
very  land  of  France,  and  to  a  shadowy  Xaj^oleon, 
that  they  still  significantly  point  —  and  yet, 
withal,  with  omii^ous  significance ! 

The  Last  King  of  the  Franks. 

In  this  connection  the  following  words  of  St. 
Augustin,  written  clrca^  400  A.  D.,  are  of  pecu- 
liar significance,  to- wit : 

"Quidam  vero  doctores  nostri  dicunt,  quod 
unus  ex  regibus  Francorum  Komanum  Imperium 
ex  integro  tenebit,  qui  in  novissimo  tempore  erit, 
et  ipse  erit  maximus  et  omnium  regum  ultimus  ; 
qui  postquam  regnum  siium  f elicit er  gubernaverit, 
ad  ultimum  lerosolymam  veniet,  et  in  monte 
Oliveti,  sceptrum  et  coronam  suam  dej^onet ; 
statimque,  secumdun  sententiam  pr?edictam  apos- 
toli  Pauli,  Antichristum  dicunt  adfuturum."  — 
Op.  Dim  Augustini,  ed.  Paris.  1685,  t.  ri.  p.  244. 

Which  being  interpreted  is  as  follows  : 

("  Certain  of  our  scholars  assert,  that  a  king  of 
the  Franks  will  j)ossess  the  Roman  Empire  re- 
stored ;  which  king  will  come  in  the  last  time, 
and  will  himself  be  the  last  and  greatest  of  all 


THE   CONTROVERSY   OP^   ZION.  89 

kings  ;  who,  after  having  ruled  with  success,  at 
the  last  shall  go  to  Jerusalem,  and  shall  lay  down 
his  sceptre  and  his  crown  on  the  Mount  of  Olives, 
and  they  add  that  immediately,  according  to  the 
above  cited  prediction  of  the  Apostle  Paul,  Anti- 
christ will  appear. ' ' ) 

We  need  not  refer  Bible  students  to  the  numer- 
ous commentaries  which  fill  the  library  of  pro- 
phetic exegesis,  wherein  it  is  harmoniously  agreed 
that  out  of  France,  in  her  mysterious  role  as  the 
perpetuator  of  the  Roman  empire,  Apollyon,  the 
Beast  of  Revelations,  is  yet  to  re-arise,  and  who, 
healed  of  his  "deadly  wound,"  (Rev.  xiii)  is 
still  to  consummate  his  part  in  human  history — 
the  chapters  of  that  history,  now  about  to  be  re- 
vealed by  Facts,  reserve  the  privilege  of  being 
their  own  interpreters. 

The  Controversy  of  Zion. 

But  the  most  potential  element  in  Judah's 
latent  possibilities  is  that  which  underlies  the 
final  solution  of  the  "Eastern  Question" — to  her 
it  is  purely  the  "  Controversy  of  Zion;"  and,  no 
matter  how  it  may  be  viewed  by  the  rest  of  the 
world,  it  is  impossible  that  Palestine  shall  be 
emptied  of  the  "unspeakable  Turk,"  and  the  fact 
not  create  a  furore  among  the  seed  of  Abraham. 

That  all  things  have  been  ripening  towards  the 
speedy  settlement  of  that  question  is  patent  to 
statesmen,    and  that  Russian    Statesmen,    from 


90  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

their  own  purely  ex-parte  interests,  are  bent  on 
hastening  its  solution,  is  the  most  evident  fact  now 
upon  the  political  horizon  of  Europe. 

It  is  the  very  fact  that  no  one  can  tell  when  this 
ever  agitated  topic  shall  be  sprung  for  final  set- 
tlement, which  makes  its  resultant  possibilites  so 
momentous,  and  from  now  on  we  may  scrutinize 
the  Bulletins  for  events  wliose  sequence  Jtuman 
wisdom  cannot  fathom  without  reference  to 
THE  Scriptures.  In  other  publications,  {vide 
'^Yale  Military  Lectures''  1890,  the  discussion 
of  "the  Eastern  Question"  in  Franlx  Leslie's 
Weelcly,  of  April  12,  1890,  and  in  a  complete 
series  thereon,  j)ublished  in  the  New  Haven  Beg- 
ister  of  March  and  April,  1890),  we  have  fairly 
covered  this  topic.  But  the  true  philosoi:>hy  of  the 
situation  has  been  set  forth  best  in  Study  No.  1 
of  this  Series — the  "Romance  of  History'' — now 
within  the  reach  of  any  who  are  interested  in 
obtaining  information  upon  the  broad  issues  in- 
volved. 

A  Midnight  Cry. 

In  1837  the  Kingdom  of  Heaven  was  likened 
unto  the  ten  virgins,  five  of  whom  were  wise  and 
five  foolish,  who  took  their  lamps,  and,  in  1844, 
went  out  to  meet  the  bridegroom,  and  like  them, 
because  he  tarried,  lo,  we  fell  asleep  ! 

But  it  is  time  to  wake  ! 

Reckoning  from  3466  A.  M.,  when  Daniel  ut- 
tered   his  remarkable  prayer  (chapter  ix),    the 


A    MIDNIGHT    CRY.  91 

gloom  upon  the  Dial  is  close  upon  its  midnight 
MARK — so  dense  the  darkness  that  it  "may  be 
felt;' 

Sleepers^  aioake  ! 

There  is  bar  el  y  time  to  trim,  your  lamps  ! 

The  long  expected  "midnight  cry"  is  breaking 

on  the  ear  ! 


Q3efof6  t^e  Q3ri6egfoom  cornet^  !" 
(So  yt  out  to  meet  ^im ! 


"  Ye  do  ERR, 

Not  Jiuowing  the  Scriptures, 
Nor  the  PO  WER  of  God  /—Matt.  xxii.  29 


PART  II. 


APPEXDICES 


^^ Precept  upon  Precept:  line  upon  Une^  line 
upon  line ;  here  a  little,  there  a  little. — Isaiah, 
xxvi.lO. 


A   LOST   YOLUMK.  95 

APPENDIX   A. 


The  Book  of  Jasher. 

I  quote  the  following  from  Smith's  Bible  Dic- 
tionary :  "Jasher,  Book  of,  or,  as  the  margin 
of  the  A.  Y.  gives  it,  '  the  book  of  the  Upright,' 
a  record  alluded  to  in  two  passages  only  of  the  0. 
T.  (Josh.  X.13  and  2  Sam.  i.l8),  and  consequently 
the  subject  of  much  dispute.  That  it  was  written 
in  verse  only  may  reasonably  be  inferred  from 
the  only  specimens  extant,  which  exhibit  unmis- 
takable signs  of  metrical  rhythm.  Gesenius  con- 
jectured that  it  was  an  anthology  of  ancient  songs 
which  acquired  its  name,  'the  book  of  the  just, 
or  upright,'  from  being  written  in  praise  of  up- 
right men."     Thus  far  the  Rev.  Dr.  Smith  : 

Of  course  this  book  has  been  a  subject  of 
dispute,  everything  in  the  Bible  has  been,  but 
never  should  have  been  witMn  the  fold.  The 
whole  tenor  of  this  article,  like  so  much  else, 
written  both  within  and  without  the  fold,  is  mis- 
leading and  unwarranted.  What  should  we  care 
for  the  mere  conjectures  of  Pharisees  in  matters 
of  faith.  Take  for  instance  that  of  the  doctrine 
"that  it  was  written  in  verse  only.^^  To  show 
the  common  sense  man  how  unwarranted  his 
reasons  are  for  considering  it  all  in  poetry,  let  us 
refer  to  Genesis — purely  a  book  of  Hebrew  prose, 
yet  containing  two  distinct  pieces  of  poetry  (chap. 


06  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

iv,  23,  24,  and  chap.  xlix).  Now  sui3pose  that 
Genesis  liad  been  lost,  like  Deuteronomy  was, 
and  yet  that  other  books  had  contained  these  two 
poems,  the  case  would  have  been  similar  to  the 
loss  of  "  Jasher,"  and  our  "  doctors "  would 
have  pronounced  it  a  mere  poem,  and  so  have 
lent  color  to  the  teachings  of  the  School  of  Dis- 
belief. But,  again,  and  on  tlie  basis  of  common - 
sense,  what  if  it  were  in  poetry  ?  So  too  is  more 
than  one-third  of  the  Bible,  /.  ^.,  the  bulk  of  the 
proj)hecies  from  Job  to  Malachi  inclusive  !  I 
would  to  God  that  all  that  has  ever  been  written 
within  the  church,  that  has  savored  of  apology, 
or  been  tainted  w^ith  concession  to  the  outside, 
had  shriveled  into  SIXES  as  it  dried,  that  men 
might  know  now  where  they  stand,  and  what 
their  teachings  really  imply.  As  to  the  book  of 
"Jasher"  they  know  nothing  save  what  "is 
written,"  and  it  is  their  duty  to  say  so  plainly, 
or  at  least  to  maintain  strictly  only  Avhat  is 
"sound"  lest  it  betray  some  weak  one  into 
deadly  error.  Finally  there  is  nothing  in  the 
reference  to  "  Jasher"  in  Joshua  x  to  imply  that 
his  command  v.  12,  is  even  a  quotation  from  the 
book  of  Jasher.  The  question,  "Is  this  not 
written  in  the  book  of  Jasher?"  (v.  13)  is  a  ref- 
erence to  the  book,  then  in  existence^  by  direct 
implication  of  the  context ;  or,  at  least,  until  the 
book  is  forthcoming  our  own  explanation  is  as 
good  as  the  collateral,  and  we  warrant  will  suit 
the  commonality  of  men  far  better. 


VARIOUS   ECLIPSES.  97 

APPENDIX  B. 

Casual  Eclipses. 

We  are  perfectly  aware  that  ''casuals"  in  the 
eclipse  line,  may  alter  this  number,  and  make  it 
more  or  less.  We  did  not  have  a  smoked  glass 
to  our  eyes  when  ' '  Father  Time ' '  went  through 
his  j)hases — what  we  mean  is,  that  since  the  dawn 
of  the  Mosaic  era  this  number  of  normal  eclipses 
fills  the  measure,  nor  can  it  be  altered  until  that 
era  has  lasted  long  enough  to  have  pointed  out  to 
us  by  experience  the  grander  law  of  ' '  casuals, ' ' 
whose  equation,  probably,  has  not  yet  integrated 
once. 


APPENDIX  C. 

The  Earliest  and  the  Latest  Eclipse. 

A  few  points  respecting  this  last  eclipse  of  his- 
tory (Tuesday,  June  17,  1890)  are  here  in  order. 
It  was  an  annular  eclipse  of  the  Sun  and  was 
not  visible  on  this  (American)  continent,  save  at 
the  most  eastern  coast  of  Brazil.  Its  central  line 
commenced  on  the  Atlantic  ocean,  in  Lat.  5'  8'  N, 
and  Long.  32°  30'  W.  Passing  easterly  it  struck 
Africa  near  cape  Yerde,  thence  crossed  the 
Great  Desert,  struck  the  Mediterranean  near 
cape  Bon,  crossed  Asia,  passing  over  Turkey, 
Persia,  Afghanistan,  Hindostan,  and  terminated 
in  Indo-China.     2,604  years  ago  this  same  eclipse 


?^' 


'^ 


98  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTOKY. 

must  have  pursued  the  same  identical  jjath,  and 
been  visible  to  Sargon  at  the  Siege  of  Samaria ! 
It  is  No.  45  in  the  regular  team,  and  occurs  every 
twelfth  year  of  the  eclipse  cycle,  but  only  re- 
peats its  last  modern  dates  at  intervals  of  651 
years.  That  it  did  thus  repeat  its  modern  dates 
in  3284  A.  M.,  when  Sargon  might  have  seen  it,  is 
absolutely  demonstrated  by  the  fact  that  Ptolemy 
records  two  succeeding  total  lunar  eclipses  (No. 
48  and  50)  at  Alexandria,  and  refers  to  them  as 
repeating  the  same  eclipses  seen  at  Babylon  in 
3284-5 — the  whole  sequence  is  thus  proved.  It 
is  on  evidence  such  as  this  that  students  of  the 
true  chronology,  which  is  the  ''Biblical  chronol- 
ogy," take  their  stand,  and  are  unconcerned  at 
the  sneers,  and  inuendoes  of  any  criticism  which 
is  founded  upon  a  Science  bound  to  pass  away 
since  it  is  merely  masquerading  nowadays  upon 
false  premises.  Finally,  as  to  this  eclipse  when 
in  its  normal  route  (as  at  its  last  occurrence,  and 
in  3284  A.  M.),  it  was  absolutely  central  as  to 
time  and  terrestrial  locality,  upon  the  Prime 
Meridian  of  the  Great  Pyramid  (30°+  E.  of  G.), 
at  21""  58.5'  after  Greenwich  mean  noon  of  Mon- 
day, June  16th,  in  north  latitude  86'  40.4'  or  in 
the  zenith  of  Lycia  in  Asia  Minor. 

The  interesting  circumstances  of  the  first 
eclipse  of  history  (No.  1,  Solar)  of  the  regular 
team,  have  been  calculated  by  the  Premier  Chron- 
ologist  of  the  British  Association  (Mr.  J.  B. 
Dimbleby,     The     Shrubbery,     Chatham     Place, 


VARIOUS    ECLIPSES.  99 

South  Hackney,  Eng.)  It  is  found  to  have  oc- 
curred uix>n  Friday,  the  1st  day  of  the  4th  civil 
month  of  the  year  0  A.  M.  Its  repetitions  were 
recorded  by  the  ancients  in  3401  and  3419  A.  M. 
(Judah's  date  of  Cai3tivity  being  3406  A.  M.,  i.  e., 
between  the  two  consecutive  records).  Both  of 
these  eclipses  occurred  on  Friday,  upon  which 
week-day  this  eclipse  still  repeats  every  651  years, 
vide  its  re-occurrence  upon  Friday,  Jan.  11, 1861, 
sunset  reckoning  from  '^ primeval  oneridian.^^ 
This  latter  repetition  was  9  x  651  years  from 
the  Adamic  original. 

Thus:  date  of  1'* eclipse  Friday,  l"day,  4'^  mo., 
i.  e.,  our  January).     0^  A.  M. 

Add  651   X  9  =  5859^  (years  of  duration). 
Last  repetition  5859  ^  A.  M. 
Reduction  to        1%. 

A.  D.        5861"  =  1861  A.  D., 

Jan.  11*^  Friday. 

This  alone  is  a  demonstration  that  the  se- 
quence of  the  week-days  has  never  had  a  lapse, 
and  is  but  a  single  one  of  many  collateral  "lines 
of  time"  which  run  back  harmoniously  to  the 
Biblical  chronological  starting  point,  as  unavoid- 
ably a  Sunday,  the  origin  of  the  Solar  Cycle,  of 
the  common  team  of  eclipses,  of  the  lunations, 
of  the  equinoxes,  of  the  diurnal  cycle,  and  all 
their  transcendental  combiriations.  It  is  thus 
clear,  (whatever  views  we  may  individually  hold 
as  to  the  creation,  or  re-fabrication  of  the  earth), 
that  this  Mosaic  starting  point  is  a  scientific  one 


100  THE   VOICE    OF    IIISTOKY. 

of  the  most  unique  order,  a  common  cusp  in 
all  the  ex23onential  equations  of  astronomy, 
and  of  chronology  which  is  its  practical  counter- 
part, so  well  as  the  literal  origin  of  Scriptural 
History.  Human  existence  is  rigidly  tied,  and 
circumscribed  between  its  two  extremes,  the  an- 
cient one  a  point  beyond  which  all  is  chaos,  the 
modern  one  always  evolving  new  combinations 
which  individually  and  in  concert  rigidly  reverse 
to  the  one  and  only  origin. 

It  is  on  this  account  that  we  have  adopted  the 
A.  M.  (Anno  Mundi)  years  as  the  truly  scientific 
ones. 

Finally,  as  an  indication  of  the  supreme  im- 
portance of  the  eclipses  to  chronologists,  we  may 
quote  the  following : 

"Such  is  the  precision  of  the  periods  of  the 
eclipses,  and  the  continued  accuracy  of  the  length 
of  the  day,  that  a  particular  eclipse  (solar)  is  al- 
ways visible  from  the  same  part  of  the  earth. 
The  ancient  records  of  Eclipses  in  Nineveh  are 
now  total  in  that  part  of  Asia  where  Nineveh 
stood,  the  track  of  totality  is  precisely  what  it 
was  nearly  3000  years  ago." — J.  B.  Dimbley,  Pre- 
mier Chronologist  B.  C.  A. 


CHRONOLOGICAL    CONFUSION.  101 

APPENDIX  D. 
Changes  in  the  Times  and  Seasons. 

The  Romans  clianged  the  beginning  of  the  year 
from  September  to  March,  and  the  Calendric  year 
which  preceded  this  change  was  therefore  but  6 
months  long,  i.  6.,  the  then  current  A.  M.  year 
had  run  from  September  to  March,  when  the 
New  Era  began  as  1st  year  of  Rome.  In  the  same 
way  when  Parliament  changed  the  beginning 
from  March  to  January  the  year  of  change  was 
but  9  months  long,  i.  e.,  the  current  year  (1752 
A.  D.)  had  run  from  March  to  January  (9 
months)  when  the  new  era  began  to  count  as  1753 
A.  D.  Thus  the  Romans  got  ahead  of  A.  M. 
time,  in  so  far  as  their  enumeration  of  its  years 
are  concerned,  by  6  months,  and  Parliament  by  3 
months  more,  making  a  total  of  9  months  ahead. 

But  there  was  a  graver  error  introduced  into 
the  count  by  the  Abbot  Dionysius  Exiguus  who 
first  instituted  the  system  of  dating  the  Calendar 
of  Time  from  what  he  supposed  to  be  the  birth 
of  the  Saviour.  This  was  done  in  527  0.  S., 
4525-6  A.  M.,  and  in  the  system  thence  result- 
ing we  call  4000  A.  M.  (instead  of  4001)  our 
A.  D.  1,  thus  putting  ourselves  a  whole  year 
more  before  true  time.  The  sum  total  of  these 
three  ' '  changes  of  the  times  and  seasons ' '  places 
our  count,  in  round  year  numbers,  1%  years 
ahead  of  the  true  count.     Hence  to  correct  this 


102  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

error  we  must  always  deduct  1^  years  from  any 
A.  D.  date.  Thus,  tlie  Autumnal  Equinox  of 
Sept.  22,  1889  would  equal,  if  we  were  right, 
5889^,  but  as  we  are  1^  ahead  it  equals  5888  A. 
M.,  and  brings  us  to  the  original  ''New  Year's 
day,"  and  it  is  to  be  noted  that,  as  A.  M.  years 
denote  past  time,  this  new  year' s  day  ends  5888 
years  then  and  there  scored  off,  and  is  the  hegln- 
ning  of  5889  A.  M.,  or  the  5890th  year  of  astron- 
omic duration  since  creation  —  the  year  which 
terminates  with*  the  date  of  this  publication. 

On  account  of  this  confusion,  which  we  our- 
selves, in  our  ancestors,  have  introduced  into  the 
Calendar,  it  is  absolutely  impossible  to  tabulate 
the  Eclij)ses  and  other  cycles  in  a  consecutive 
system  of  modern  A.  D.  and  B.  C.  years.  The 
cycles  laugh  them  to  scorn. 

But  it  is  far  different  when  we  work  them 
upon  the  Scientific  A.  M.  line !     They  then  obey, 

"Day  unto  day  uttereth  speech, 
And  niglit  unto  niglit  sheweth  knowledge. 

There  is  no  speech  nor  language  where  their  voice  is  not  heard. 
Their  line  is  gone  out  through  all  the  earth 
And  their  words  to  the  end  of  the  world. 
In  them  hath  he  set  a  tabernacle  for  the  sun 
Which  is  as  a  bridegroom  coming  out  of  his  chamber, 
And  rejoiceth  as  a  strong  man  to  run  a  race. 
His  going  forth  is  from  the  end  of  heaven, 
And  his  circuit  unto  the  ends  of  it; 
And  there  is  nothing  hid  from  the  heat  thereof." 

Psalm  xix. 

It  is  thus  manifest  how  greatly  those  err,  who, 
basing  their  natural  deductions  upon  the  confu- 


CHRONOLOGICAL    CONFUSION.  103 

sion  of  Chronology  as  commonly  understood,  de- 
clare tliat  ''time  "  is  arbitrary,  and  that  history, 
13articularly  Sacred  history,  is  inextricably  con- 
fused when  measured  against  the  Cycles.  This 
is  true  when  the  chart  that  guides  our  ship  is 
stamped  with  the  vise  of  our  human  legislation. 
No  sooner  have  we  passed  along  than  our  wake 
is  lost  amid  a  chopi^ing  sea.  But  when  we  cast 
these  Jonahs  overboard  and  move  a  point  and 
three-quarters  to  the  right,  the  eternal  Cynosure 
shines  on  our  course  and  is  reflected  forever  in 
the  phosphorescent  pathway  which  we  leave 
behind. 

Thus  the  Scientists  and  Legislators  have  actu- 
ally introduced  an  error  of  1^  years  into  the 
Christian  Era  now  employed. 

But  there  is  a  practical  side  to  the  effect  of  this 
error  upon  the  common  mind,  which  acts  in  ig- 
norance of  it,  that  is  worthy  of  a  special  show- 
ing, since  it  discloses  a  curious  irony  of  Provi- 
dence, whereby  the  ordinary  mind  is  enabled 
most  accurately  to  arrive  at  the  true  year  of  the 
nativity. 

The  human  race  has  never  varied  its  method  of 
keeping  account  of  its  own  "age."  For  instance, 
a  child  born  upon  a  25th  of  December  is  not 
counted  '  'one  •  year  old' '  until  it  attains  unto  its 
next  birthday,  and  thereafter,  until  it  is  at  still 
another  birthday  it  remains  "one  year  old." 
Thus  we  say  "  he  is  one  year  old, "  or  "  in  his 
second  year,"   until  he   reaches   his   third.      At 


104  THE   VOICE   OF    lUSlORV. 

death,  lioweA^er,  tlie  final  year,  i.  e.,  the  current 
one  up  to  the  moment  of  demise  is  always  taken 
into  account.  A  person,  for  instance,  is  "  39  years 
old,"  he  is  therefore  ''in  his  40th  year,"  and  in 
fact,  at  the  date  of  this  publication  will  be  39 
years  7  months  and  19  days.  Hence,  according 
to  the  common  reckoning  he  w^as  born  in  18.51, 
which  is  close  enough  for  our  illustration  of  the 
count  by  years. 

Let  us  now  (ignore  the  1^  years  error  in  the 
current  era,  and)  consider  what  we  call  the 
"years  of  our  Lord"  to  represent  the  Saviour's 
AGE.  On  the  supposition  of  accuracy  the  com- 
mon reasoning  is  as  follows  : 

''It  is  now  autumnal  equinox;  the  year  is 
therefore  9  months  old  ;  if  the  Saviour  were  still 
alive,  i.  <?.,  if  his  eartldij  life  had  not  been  broken, 
he  would  be  1890>f  years  'old,'  therefore,  he 
was  born  1891^  years  'ago;'  the  Christian  era 
therefore  commences  0,  1,  2,  3,  etc.,  and  runs 
down  to  this  time,  which,  so  far  as  duration  is 
concerned,  is  1891^." 

Now  such  a  method  of  reasoning,  although  fal- 
lacious, would  land  the  conmion  intellect  at  the 
right  A.  M.  year,  to-wit :  3996  A.  M.  and  would 
actually  run  parallel  to  the  correct  A.  D.  years, 
and  synchronize  with  them  all  along  the  line.  Or 
his  calculations  might  be  even  ruder,  and  as  fol- 
lows : 

"They  say  that  5889  A.  M.  ends  to-day :  Then 
our  year  ought  to  end  with  it,  and  be  1891  instead 


THE    BIBLICAL   CYCLES.  105 

of  1890^.  If  so,  the  Saviour  would  be  "1891 
years  old/'  or  at  his  1892d  year.  Therefore  sub- 
tracting 1892  from  5889  leaves  3997,  which  must 
be  his  year  of  birth." 

Or  finally,  if  he  simply  subtracted  1892  from 
5889  he  would  obtain  3997  which  in  reality  is  the 
year  of  ' '  astronomic  duration  ' '  that  corresponds 
to  3996  A.  M.  This  is  patent  from  the  fact  that 
A.  M.  years  consider  '  '^j'a.^^  time ' '  only.  Hence, 
when  the  world  was  ' '  3996  years  old  ' '  it  was  "  in  " 
its  3997th  year. 

But  all  of  this  unfortunate  confusion  is  easily 
avoided  by  discarding  at  once  every  system  ex- 
cept that  founded  on  the  natural  and  original 
"  years  of  the  world  "  (A.  M.).  Upon  this  system 
astronomy  ' '  works ' '  forward  and  backw^ard  with- 
out hitch,  and  corroborates  sacred  and  secular 
history.  Nor  will  the  three  work  together  upon 
any  other  system. 

APPENDIX   E. 

The  Biblical  Cycles  all  Astronomical. 

It  is  fitting  at  this  juncture  to  call  attention  to 
some  of  the  beauties  hidden  in  the  years  and 
periods  familiarly  employed  by  the  prophets,  and 
which  the  generality  of  men  and  some  ministers 
account  as  not  only  of  no  significance,  but  even 
more,  as  mere  inventions  whose  chief  object  is  to 
awe  the  timorous  into  subjection  to  the  Hier- 
archy. 


10(3  THE   VOICE   OF   IIISTOKY. 

There  is  not  a  period  mentioned  in  the  Prophets 
which  is  not  an  astronomic  cycle  of  consummate 
use.  Let  us  take  but  one,  which  is  the  source  of 
many  of  the  rest.  A  "Time''  is  360  years,  and 
it  is  employed  consistently  by  the  Spirit  in  its 
predictions  as  to  human  affairs.  Moses,  Daniel, 
John,  all  couch  momentous  prophecies  in  terms 
of  it,  and  it  is  most  generally  known  to  us  in  its 
maximum  value  "Seven  Times,''  or  a  week  of 
"Times,"  /.  e.,  7x360=2520. 

Now  the  first  notable  point  with  reference  to 
this  number  is  that  it  is  the  "least  common  mul- 
tiple "  of  the  decimal  system,  i.  ^.,  it  is  the  small- 
est number  which  is  divisible  without  a  remainder 
by  each  of  the  digits.  This  alone  shows  that 
there  was  no  accident  in  its  selection. 

2d.  It  is  exactly  140  eclijDse  cycles  18  years  each. 

3d.  It  is  168  Ancient  Hebrew  solar  cycles  of  15 
years  each. 

4th.  It  is  360  antediluvian  solar  and  Sunday 
cycles  of  7  years  each. 

5th.  It  is  exactly  90  modern  solar  cycles  of  28 
years  each. 

6th.  It  contains  132  Lunar  or  Metonic  cycles, 
in  which  the  ' '  epact ' '  amounts  to  77  lunar  years  : 
and  over  and  above  these  cycles  there  is  a  remain- 
der of  12  years,  which  raises  the  ' '  epact ' '  to  just 
75  solar  years.  "Now  here  we  are  confronted 
with  another  startling  fact,  a  fact  which  it  will 
puzzle  the  ingenuity  of  skeptics  to  account  for," 
and  a  fact  of  vast  astronoraic  import. 


THE    BIBLICAL   CYCLES.  107 

*^In  the  last  chapter  of  Daniel  the  Angel 
intimates  to  the  prophet  in  answer  to  his  chron- 
ological inquiries,  that  while  the  scattering  of 
the  power  of  the  holy  people  should  terminate  at 
the  end  of  the  second  half  of  the  2520  years,  yet 
there  should  be  additions  of  30  and  45  years  be- 
fore the  era  of  full  blessedness  would  arrive  (Dan. 
xii,  11-13).  In  other  words,  to  the  long  period  of 
2520  years,  Scripture  adds  a  brief  jDeriod  of  75 
years,  and  as  we  have  just  seen,  astronomy  does 
the  same.  The  difference  between  2520  true  lunar 
and  the  same  number  of  true  solar  years  is  sev- 
enty-live years.  In  other  words,  the  75  years 
added  in  prophecy  is  exactly  equal  to  the  ' '  epact ' ' 
of  the  whole  ' '  seven  times. "  But  to  exhaust  this 
subject  would  be  to  write  an  encyclopedia.  The 
years  of  Daniel,  like  the  Creation,  the  Exodus, 
the  birth  of  Christ,  etc.,  was  the  commencement 
of  a  common  team  of  eclipses,  his  ' '  time  "is  20 
cycles,  and  his  "time,  times  and  half  a  time" 
(1260  years,  or  half  of  "7  times,"  i.  e.,  half  of 
2520  years)  is  70  cycles  of  18  years,  the  period 
when  a  common  team  comes  around.  To  mention 
but  one  other  fact :  315  years,  (which  is  a  quarter 
of  1260,  and  is  employed  ux)on  the  great  scale  as  a 
measure  of  each  of  the  8  working  hours  of  proph- 
ecy), is  itself  a  soli-lunar  cycle-  ten  times  more 
accurate  than  the  Metonic  cycle.  1260  years  is 
itself  such  a  cycle,  after  which  the  sun  and  moon 
return  within  less  than  half  a  degree  to  precisely 
the  same  point  of  the   ecliptic,  and  that  within 


108  THE   VOICE   OE   HISTORV. 

an  hour  of  each  other.  That  is,  it  is  a  soli-lunar 
diurnal  cycle;  and  so  is  Daniel's  2300  years, 
and  affected  Avith  the  same  slight  error.  Their 
difference,  1040  years,  is  such  a  cycle  with  an 
error  of  but  1  hour  ! 

Not  the  least  remarkable  cycle  hidden  in  the 
ScriiDtures  is  the  one  concealed  in  the  date  of  the 
Saviours  birth.  This  has  now  been  fixed  beyond 
all  dispute  as  falling  at  the  winter  solstice  of 
3996  A.  M.  It  now  remains  to  point  out  2.  fact  which 
the  writer's  own  studies  have  revealed.  3996  = 
6  X  666 !  That  is,  the  birth  of  Jesus  Christ,  in 
whom  we  are  saved,  occurred  at  the  very  crisis 
of  man's  "death"  inherited  in  Eden.  We  can- 
not begin  to  summarise,  even  briefly,  the  host  of 
tangencies,  all  along  the  stream  of  the  true 
chronology,  which  come  out  from  the  use  of  this 
period  as  a  divisor  of  the  years  of  our  disease, 
and  of  our  regeneration.  This  factor  of  the  A. 
M.  years  is  literally  a  "day"  upon  a  cycle  which 
plainly  records  the  moral  sickness  unto  death,  of 
the  Human  race,  in  exactly  parallel  terms  to  those 
employed  by  physicians  in  discussing  the  septen- 
ary progress  of  bodily  ailments,  all  of  which  run 
in  parts  or  multiples  of  weeks. 

So  too,  though  not  now  relatively  remarkable, 
since  all  about  the  true  chronology  is  an  as- 
tonishment, the  Saviour's  birth  occurred  at  the 
1st  year  of  the  222d  eclipse  cycle.  In  other 
words,  6  greater  cycles  (6  x  651  years)  were  past, 
and  the  1st  year  of  the  6tli  shorter  cycle  was  then 


THE    BIBLICAL   CYCLES.  109 

current.  No  wonder,  therefore,  tliat  the  Holy 
Spirit  has  seen  fit  to  characterize  the  seal  of 
man's  deadly  adversary  as  666  (Rev.  xiii.),  and 
has  warned  all  men  against  accepting  any  privi- 
leges to  "buy  or  sell"  (17)  by  virtue  of  '^a 
mark"  (16)  which  shall  sx)ell  and  count  the 
name  of  "  Anti-christ "  (18),  under  penalty 
thereby  of  sinning  hopelessly  (Rev.  xx.  4). 
"Herein"  verily  "is  wisdom,"  and  may  the 
strength  of  Him  who  died  that  we  might  live,  be 
with  us  when  we  are  called  upon  to  give  up  what 
is  his,  rather  than  to  live  simply  unto  death  in- 
deed. That  we  are  near  this  final  crisis  in  the 
' '  Mystery  of  Iniquity ' '  should  be  patent  even  to 
the  common  mind  when  we  refer  him  to  the  al- 
manac and  point  out  the  following  facts :  We 
are  (Sept.  1 890)  in  the  sixth  year  from  the  end  of 
the  current  solar  cycle  of  28  years  duration.  At 
the  end  of  1895,  when  this  current  cycle  termi- 
nates, exactly  66/3  (  =  66.666m  +  etc.)  such 
cycles  of  28  years,  or  1866  ys  solar  years,  take  us 
to  the  Baptism  of  the  Saviour — /.  e.,  to  the  com- 
mencement of  his  ministry  unto  souls  needing  a 
Physician,  and  the  studies  of  all  who  have  de- 
voted themselves  to  the  "Signs  of  his  Coming" 
agree  that  it  may  be  confidentially  looked  for 
any  time  from  now  on  until  then. 


110  THE   VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

APPENDIX  F. 
Chronological  Eras  Harmonized. 

'*The  era  of  Anno  Domini,  commonly  abbrevi- 
ated A.  D.,  was  invented  by  Dionysius  Exiguus 
about  527  A.  D.  [4525-6  A.  M.]  It  was  ordered 
to  be  used  by  the  Bishops  by  the  Council  of  Chel- 
sea in  816  A.  D.  It  was  not  generally  used  for 
several  centuries.  Charles  III  of  Germany  was 
the  first  monarch  who  added  '  In  the  year  of  our 
Lord '  to  his  reign  in  879  A.  D."  Diet,  of  Dates, 
Hayden.  All  of  the  above  years  except  the  A.  M. 
years  in  brackets,  are  ''  old  style  :  "  so  is  the  fre- 
quent reference  to  ' '  753  of  Rome, ' '  or  to  the 
' '  30th  year  of  Augustus  Caesar. ' ' 

As  already  stated,  we  have  purposely  avoided 
all  reference  to  the  B.  C.  and  A.  D.  years.  There 
is  no  knot  which  has  been  so  snarled  as  tlia,t  of 
Chronological  duration^  and  the  kernel  of  the 
Avhole  confusion  centers  about  the  A.  M.  year 
which  marked  the  Saviour's  birth.  The  true 
date  of  that  ISTativity  was  at  the  Avinter  solstice  of 
the  year  3996  A.  M.,  which  year  had  a  Sunday 
autumnal  equinox;  /.  6.,  it  was  8  years  earlier 
than  Usher  s  common  date  (4004  A.  M.),  or  5 
years  before  the  4th  millenary  commenced. 
This  is  proved  by  central  solar  eclipse  No.  1,  oc- 
curring in  3996  A.  M.,  which  was  followed  in  due 
time  by  total  lunar  eclipse  ISTo.  8,  Jan.  18-19th, 
3998,  A.  M.  This  latter  eclii^se  was  recorded  by  Jo- 


THE   saviour's   BIRTH.  Ill 

sephus,  and  "decides  the  period  of  birth,  and  the 
entire  chronology  of  Jesus  Clirist.  According  to 
this  Jewish  Historian,  Herod  put  a  priest  to 
death  on  the  night  of  this  eclipse  of  the  moon, 
('That  very  night  there  was  an  eclipse  of  the 
moon.'  Josephus,  Antiquities,  xvii.  Chap.  V. 
Sec.  3),  after  which,  he  being  near  his  own  death, 
shut  up  some  eminent  men  of  Judea  in  the  hip- 
podrome, ordering  them  to  be  killed  as  soon  as 
he  died.  ^  ^  He  died  on  the  5th  day  after 
putting  Antipater  to  death,  having  reigned  34 
years  since  he  procured  Antigorus  to  be  slain, 
and  37  years  since  he  was  declared  king  by  the 
Romans.  Consequently  this  eclipse  must  have 
taken  place  when  our  Lord  was  about  2  years 
old,  as  Matthew  ii,  16,  informs  us.  "^  ^  This 
too  explains  the  phraseology  of  St.  Matthew  con- 
cerning the  slaying  of  the  children  in  Bethlehem 
'two  years  old  and  under,  according  to  the 
time,'  ^  ^  for  when  this  eclipse  occurred  our 
Lord  was  two  years  old  according  to  Solar  time, 
and  under  two  years  by  Hebrew  time."  Vide, 
"All  Past  Time." 

To  close  this  part  of  the  discussion,  and  fur- 
nish students  a  chart  whereby  they  can  hereafter 
translate  the  several  systems  now  in  vogue  into 
the  correct  A.  M.  years,  we  submit  the  accom- 
panying Harmony. 

Without  such  a  diagram,  a  pilot  himself  could 
not  steer  the  craft  of  History  through  the  reefs 
which  now  abound  in  Modern  Libraries. 


112  THE   VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

An  examination  of  the  table  will  show  two 
general  subdivisions,  to  wit :  true  and  erroneous 
systems.  Under  the  latter  we  classify  the  years 
of  Rome  because  they  commence  in  March  in- 
stead of  at  autumnal  equinox,  whereby  (as  shown 
above,  mde  Ap^jendix  D)  an  error  of  6  months 
was  introduced  into  the  enumeration  of  "Past 
Time,"  in  the  year  3246  A.  M. 

U23on  the  same  j)rinciple  the  Julian  Period  is 
also  erroneous,  since  it  was  only  invented  lately 
by  Scaliger,  in  order  to  remove  ambiguities  in 
the  common  Anno  Domini  years,  and  because, 
while  fully  accomplishing  its  object,  it  necessa- 
rily runs  with  those  years,  and  therefore  inherits 
their  own  error  of  1^  years  overplus.  As 
a  chronological  scale  or  period,  it  consists  of 
7,980  years,  and  is  formed  by  multiplying  to- 
gether the  number  of  years  in  the  solar,  lunar, 
and  indiction  cycles  (28  X  19  x  15  X  =  7980). 
It  is  reckoned  from  4713  —  14  B.  C.  (common), 
when  the  first  years  of  these  several  subordinate 
cycles  of  our  calendar  would  have  coincided,  (/.  €., 
713  years  before  Creation  !)  The  Julian  Period 
would  thus  have  'begun  its  year,  lunation  and  in- 
diction, upon  a  Tuesday  (!)  instead  of  a  Sunday 
(Gen.  i,  4),  which  Tuesday  reckoning  from  Tues- 
day, June  17,  1890,  was  2,411,536  days  ago,  or 
344,505  weeks  -f  1  day,  which  latter  day  was  the 
Tuesday  origin  specified. 

Upon  this  same  scale  (J.  P.)  the  conjunction 
of  Joshua's  Long  Day  was  upon  Wednesday  the 


THE  BIRTH  OF  JESUS.  "THE  CHRIST." 

a-he  26th  of  the  3rd  civil  Month,    3996  A.  M.,  i.  e.,  of  the  IXth   Sacred  Month.     In  the  "  Kvenins  "  of  the  Sabbath 
Day.     rpon  our  PriJay  Niijht,  December  25th,  750  a.u.c. 


THE  VARIOUS  SYSTEMS  OF 

CHRONOLOGY  HARMONIZED. 

THE  EKRONEOUS  SYSTEMS. 

THE  TRUE  SYSTEMS. 

O 

"  Common." 
A.  D.     B.  C. 

Julian 

A.  U.C. 
The 

A.N. 

B.N. 

A.M. 
Years 

Astro.  1  Years 
Years       by 

REFERENCES 

AND                                             1 

n 

Consult 

'Period.' 

Roman 

Years 

Years 

'Past 

'Dura-  Millen 

REMARKS. 

i^ 

The  A.  V.Bible. 

Era. 

Time' 

tion.'    aries. 

11-10  4708-4 

743-41 

6 

3990 

3991  3990 

13 

10-  9 

4-5744-5| 

5 

3991 

2       1 

12 

9-  8 

5-6  745-6 

4 

3992 

3       2 

11 

8-  7 

6-7 1 746-7 

3 

3993 

4       3 

10 

7-  6 

7-8747-8 

2 

3994 

5       4! 

9 

6-  5 

.  8-91748-9 

0^ 

|J 

3995 

6           5  Luke  1.6. 

8 

5-  4 

9-0 1 749-0 

3996 

7       6        -'-i-^^-        01- 

7 

4-  3  4710-1]  750-1 

1 

3997 

8'           7, Matt.  ii.  1-15. 

G 

0 

3-  2       1-2; 751-2 

2 

3998 

9        8          n.16.18.    •»•                   1 

5   0-  1 
4    1-2 

2-  1       2-3,752-3 
1-  Oi       3-41753-4 

3 

4 

3999 
4000 

O'    999               ii-  19-  23.      This,  7:,3  a.u.c,    . 
400l'4000|    '^t'-^Oth  year  of  Augustus  Csar. 

3 

2-3 

0 

4-5J754-5 

5 

4001 

2'       1 

•  20. 

2 

3-  4 

5-6|  755-6 

6 

4002 

3 

2 

] 

4-  5 

6-7 1 756-7 

7 

4003 

4 

3 

0 

5-  6 

7-8  757-8 

8 

4004 

5 

4 

^  7 

8-91758-9! 

9 

4005 

6 

5 

7-  8 

9-0 

759-0 

10 

4006 

7 

6 

8-  9 

4720-1 

760-1 

11 

4007 

8 

7 

j 

9-10 

1-2 

761-2 

12 

4008 

9 

8 

Luke  ii.  -12-52.       The  Saviour  twelve 

10-11 

2-3 

762-3 

13 

4009 

0 

9 

years  0    . 

11-12 

3-4 

763-4 

14 

4010 

4011 

10 

1 

12-13 

4-5 

764-5 

15 

4011 

2 

H 

13-14 

5-6 

765-6 

16 

4012 

3 

12 

14-15 

6-7 

766-7 

17 

4013 

4 

13 

1 

15-6 

7-8 

767-8 

18 

4014 

5 

14 

1 

16-17 

8-9i  768-91 

19 

4015 

6 

15 

1 

17-18 

9-0  769-0 

20 

4016 

7 

16 

18-19 

4730-1 

770-1 

21 

4017 

8 

17 

19-20 

1-2 

771-2 

22 

4018 

9 

18 

20-21 

2-3 

772-3 

23 

4019 

0 

19 

■^      21-22 

3-4 

773-4 

24 

4020 

4021      20 

122-23 

4-5 

774-5 

25 

4021 

2 

21 

23-24 

5-61775-6 

26 

4022 

3 

22 

124-25 

6-7  776-7 

27 

4023 

4 

23 

1      25-26 

7-8  777-8 

28 

4024 

5     24 

126-27 

8-9  778-9 

29 

4025 

6         25  Luke  iii.  1,  Mark  i.  ii.                               j 

1 

27-28 

9-0  779-0 

30 

A 

4026 

7         26  Mark  i.  12-13,  Luke  iv   1-13,  iii.  38.        1 

1 

28-29 

4740-1780-1 

31 

3'< 

4027 

8,        27Jolmv.l. 

29-30 

1-2781-2 

32 

Y 

4028 

9|     28 

1.4. 

1      30-31 

2-3,782-3 

33 

T 

1029 

0     29 

xiii.  1.    Crucifixion. 

1     131-32 

3-4:783-4i 

34 

4030 

4031     30 

These 

35 

4031 

2'     31 

years 

And  these 
to  its 

36 

4032 

31     32 

tinue 
down  t" 
our  1890 

corres- 
ponding 
6603, 

&c. 

37 

38 

4033 
4034 

4'     33 
5     34 

Acts  ix.  23. 

1    A.  D. 

J.  P. 

39 

|4035 

6     35 

xi.  25. 

114  THE   VOICE   OF    HISTOKY. 

1,194,006th  day,  L  e.,  178,932  weeks  +  6  days  be- 
fore June  ITth,  1890. 

The  inaccuracy  of  the  ''common"  B.  C.  and 

A.  D.  years  will  be  apparent  by  consulting  the 
references  in  an  annotated  Bible  (Authorized 
Version).  For  instance,  opposite  to  Luke  ii.  1, 
7,  34,  in  a  Reference  Bible,  it  will  be  found  sta- 
ted that  the  Saviour  was  born  "the  fifth  year 
before  the  accepted  account  called  Anno  Dom- 
ini." 

Passing  now  across  the  7th  line  of  the  Table, 
where  this  5th  year  occurs  under  the  "common" 

B.  C.  system,  to  the  true  systems,  their  superi- 
ority will  be  at  once  apparent.  The  year  of 
the  world  (A.  M.)  was  3996,  which  is  of  course 
the  correct  one  from  which  to  calculate  years 
hffore  and  after  "the  Nativity."  (B.  N,  and 
A.  N.)  However,  it  cannot  but  be  far  clearer 
that  the  direct  sequence  of  the  A.  M.  years  them- 
selves affords  us  the  safest  and  most  natural 
skeleton  upon  which  to  string  the  actual  events 
of  human  history,  since  not  only  do  we  have  to 
translate  every  other  scale  into  them,  but  chiefly 
because,  as  we  hope  to  show  in  future  publica- 
tions, every  date  in  the  Bible  at  once  yields  up 
its  secret  when  measured  thereupon. 


ASTRONOMICAL    FORECAST.  115 

APPENDIX  G. 

Notable  Astronomical  Events  of  1891-2  A.D. 

In  addition  to  the  considerations  already  enu- 
merated in  this  paper  the  years  1891-2  will  be  of 
remarkable  astronomic  import  because  of  four 
notable  events  which  are  then  due.  The  first  will 
be  a  transit  of  Mercury  circa  May  9th,  1891, 
agreeing  with  a  corresponding  one  which  occurred 
in  the  year  1  A.  M. ,  and  was  repeated  in  the  year 
3  A.  D.  At  the  moment  (llh.  55m.  29.3s.  Green- 
wich mean  time),  of  exterior  contact  of  ingress^ 
the  Sun  will  be  in  the  zenith  of  179'  48'  longitude 
west  of  GreeuAvich,  and  of  IT  36'  north  latitude ; 
and  at  the  moment  (16h.  52m.  45.7s.),  of  exterior 
contact  of  egress,  the  Sun  will  be  in  the  zenith  of 
longitude  105'  53'  east  of  Greenwich,  and  of  lati- 
tude 17°  39'  north.  The  transit  over  the  sun's 
disk  will  be  partly  visible  at  Washington,  D.  C, 
and  visible  throughout  the  western  portion  of 
North  and  South  America.  These  transits  are  of 
peculiar  value  to  Chronology  while  those  of  Ve- 
nus are  more  particularly  related  to  the  determi- 
nation of  solar  distances.  There  will  be  but  one 
other  transit  this  century,  to  wit,  one  of  Mercury 
upon  Nov.  9-10,  1894  A.  D. 

The  second  and  third  astronomical  events  of 
importance  in  1891  A.  D.  will  be  two  total 
eclipses  of  the  moon,  in  May  (23d)  and  November 
(15th)  respectively,  and  Avhich  are  of  peculiar  in- 


116  THE   VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

terest  because  they  are  repetitions  of  the  same 
ones  (J^o.  48  and  50)  which  were  seen  by  Ptolemj^ 
at  Alexandria,  and  duly  mentioned  in  his  Al- 
magesi. 

But  these  eclipses  are  of  still  greater  import  in 
relation  to  ''the  Times  of  the  Gentiles/'  since,  as 
Ptolemy  correctly  informs  ns,  they  were  seen  at 
Babylon  in  the  years  8284-5  A.  M.,  and,  conse- 
quently, at  the  siege  of  Samaria ! 

Finally  the  fourth,  and  by  far  the  most  im- 
portant astronomical  event,  will  be  the  re-appear- 
ance of  the  most  splendid  celestial  body  ever  re- 
corded, the  variable  star  in  the  Constellation  of 
Cassiopea!  It  was  seen  by  Loviticus  in  945  A. 
D.,  again  by  Jean  in  1264  A.  D.,  and  linally  by 
Tycho  Brahe  in  1572  A.  D.  It  is  believed  to  re- 
appear in  alternate  X3eriods  of  308  and  319  years, 
and  consequently  may  be  looked  for  in  the  Fall  of 
1891  or  Spring  of  1892,  when  in  the  course  of  a 
few  weeks  it  will  become  brighter  than  the  planet 
Jupiter. 

Tycho  Brahe,  who  was  one  of  the  most  eminent 
astronomers  of  his  day,  describes  the  appearance 
of  this  star  in  1572  as  very  sudden.  He  says  that 
on  returning  home  on  the  evening  of  Nov.  11, 
1572,  he  was  surprised  to  find  a  group  of  country 
people  gazing  at  a  star,  which  he  was  sure  did 
not  exist  half  an  hour  previously.  It  Avas  then 
as  bright  as  Sirius,  which  is  the  largest  star  in 
the  heavens,  and  could  be  seen  during  the  day. 
It  continued  to  increase  in  brightness  until  it 


CAIAPHAS    AND    LEO    XIII.  117 

surpassed  the  planet  Jupiter !  Its  briglitness  be- 
gan to  diminisli  in  December,  and  so  continued 
to  diminisli  until  in  Marcli,  1574,  when  it  wholly 
disax)peared.  It  had  no  sensible  motion,  nor  any 
parallax,  and  therefore  must  have  been  far  more 
distant  than  the  j^l^ii*^^  Neptune.  Its  light, 
which  was  at  first  white,  changed  as  it  decreased 
to  yellowish,  then  to  ruddy,  and  finally  to  a  livid 
white. 


APPENDIX  H. 
Is  THE  Bishop  or  Rome  a  Pkophet? 

Anent  the  cry  which,  in  solemn  and  sober  earn- 
est, we  are  raising  in  this  volume,  we  submit  the 
folloAving  significant  editorial  from  the  ^'Los  An- 
geles Churchman^ ^  of  July,  1890: 

* 'Apropos  of  the  opinions  which  we  quoted  in 
our  last  issue  on  '  The  Signs  of  the  Times,'  we  clip 
the  following  from  the  Los  Angeles  Times  of  re- 
cent date  • 

The  Pope  has  a  Presentiment  of  Coming  Evils. 

Dublin,  June  13. — [By  Cable  and  Associated 
Press.]  The  Irisli  Catholic  states  that  the  Pope 
in  replying  to  the  congratulations  of  visitors  at 
the  Vatican,  expressed  himself  as  strongly  of  the 
belief  that  a  great  punishment  was  impending  on 
society  for  its  disregard  of  and  indifference  to  the 
church. 


118  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

''The  Lord,"  he  said,  "will  come  no  longer 
with  a  sweet,  peaceful  face,  but  with  an  angry 
one  to  strike  and  purif  3^  His  cliurch.  I  am  neither 
a  prophet  nor  the  son  of  a  prophet,  but  I  feel  in 
my  heart  a  sorrowful  presentiment.  A  sea  of 
evil  is  about  to  beat  against  the  rock  on  which 
the  church  is  founded,  and  will  leave  nothing  to 
be  seen  on  the  horizon  but  the  threat  of  the  anger 
of  God.  Prayer  will  not  suffice  to  appease  the 
Almighty." 

"The  profane  may  say  the  opinion  of  the  Pope 
is  nothing  more  than  the  fretful  complaint  of  a 
disappointed  old  man  because  the  world  no 
longer  does  homage  to  the  Holy  See.  Perhaps  it 
is  no  more,  but  one  opinion  is  as  good  as  another, 
and  others,  not  profane,  who  reverence  sacred 
offices  and  functions,  may  recall  the  sayings  of 
one  who  sat  in  the  High  Priest's  office  while 
Jesus  of  Nazareth  lived.  'Ye  know  nothing  at 
all,  nor  consider  that  it  is  expedient  for  us,  that 
one  man  should  die  for  the  people,  and  that  the 
whole  nation  perish  not.' 

"Then  the  divine  record  goes  on  to  say :  ' This 
spake  he  not  of  himself,  but  being  High  Priest 
that  year,  he  prophesied  that  Jesus  should  die 
for  that  nation,  and  not  for  that  nation  only,  but 
that  he  should  gather  together  in  one  the  children 
of  God  that  were  scattered  abroad.' 

"H  God  recognized  the  office  which  Caiaphas 
held,  and  employed  him  as  a  true  prophet,  He 
•ma  V  surely  recognize  that  which  Leo  XIII  holds, 


JUDAH  HOMEWARD   BOUND.  119 

who  is  a  much  better  man  than  Caiaphas  was. 
Whatever  opinion  we  may  hold  of  the  claims  of 
the  papacy,  the  fact  is  undeniable  that  he  is  the 
lawful  Bishop  of  E-ome,  an  apostolic  diocese,  and 
a  city  which  for  2000  years  or  more  held  the 
world's  fortunes  in  the  hollow  of  its  hand. 

"  Leo  speaks  from  his  heart,  as  Caiaphas  did, 
but  in  a  much  kinder  spirit,  and  whether  he  does 
not,  as  Caiaphas  did,  echo  the  voice  of  God,  is 
for  the  future  to  determine.  Certain  it  is  that  no 
man  living  to-day  exercises  a  wider  influence 
throughout  the  world  than  the  Bishop  of  Rome, 
whatever  they  may  think  of  his  infallibility,  and 
since  his  adherents  have  tied  themselves  up  to 
that  opinion  they  may  be  held  responsible  for 
these  heart-breathing  presentiments  of  an  aged 
man,  who  confesses  that  he  speaks  not  ex-cathe- 
dra^ but  from  that  inner  consciousness  where  the 
Lord  alone  sits  in  the  temple  of  the  heart. 

"If  this  report,  as  cabled,  be  true,  it  is  very 
significant." 


APPENDIX  I. 

JuDAH  Homeward  Bound. 

Postscript. — It  should  be  manifest,  from  the 
character  of  the  tables  and  calculations  in  this 
volume,  that  they  must  have  been  the  result  of 
years  of  close  application,  and  that  our  conclu- 


120  THE   VOICE  OF   HISTORY, 

sions  could  not  have  been  evolved  during  the  past 
few  weeks  which  covered  their  publication.  At 
the  time,  early  in  June,  when  this  nianuscrii3t 
was  put  into  permanent  shape,  the  remark  made 
in  the  body  of  the  work  that  ' '  There  is  at  pres- 
ent no  apparent  motion  among  the  Jews  looking 
towards  any  sudden  awakening  of  a  long  pent  uj) 
and  sometime  latent  spirit  of  irredentalism ' ' 
(page  85)  was  literally  true.  But  now  (August 
1890)  even  before  we  have  completed  our  proof- 
reading of  the  pages  which  all  along  we  have  in- 
tentionally designed  to  synchronize  with  the  Au- 
tumnal Equinox  of  1890,  a  few  weeks  hence — the 
whole  as]pect  of  the  Jewish  situation  has  sud- 
denly changed,  or  rather  has  given  positive  prom- 
ise of  the  certainly  coming  change!  We  have 
scarcely  time  to  sketch  the  altered  outlook  in  a 
brief  and  final  appendix.  In  the  midst  of  press 
work  we  received  the  following  letter,  and  its 
perusal  will  recall  to  others  the  suddenness  with 
which  the  threatened  enforcement  of  the  Russian 
Anti- Jewish  Edict  of  1882,— the  which  had  slum-, 
bered  so  long  as  to  become  almost  forgotten — has 
burst  upon  the  world. 

New  Haven,  Conn.    August  8tli,  1890. 
LIEUT.  C.  A.  L.  TOTTEN— 

Dear  Sir:  In  this  same  mail  I  send  you  a  copy  of  the 
"  National  Tribune,"  containing  an  article  on  the  coming  exodus 
of  the  Jews  from  Russia,  which  I  thought  would  be  of  interest 
to  you  in  view  of  the  fact  tliat,  when  I  called  on  you  in  last 
June,  you  told  me  to  watch  for  movements  in  the  Jewish  world 


JUDAH    HOMEWARD   BOUND.  121 

that  would  take  place  in  a  short  time.  This  article  shows  a 
very  remarkable  fulfillment  of  your  prediction,  the  truth  of 
which  I  trust  will  be  even  more  fully  vindicated  in  facts  which 
will  come  to  light  in  the  near  future. — Very  truly  yours, 

69  Lake  Place.  C.  C.  COLEMAN. 

[At  this  point  it  is  but  just  unto  ourselves,  and 
to  tlie  earnest  school  of  Bible  students  to  wliicli 
we  belong,  that  we  should  candidly  disavow  any 
right  or  pretension  to  the  ' '  role ' '  which  author- 
izes one  to  "predict"  as  such,  and  in  the  sense 
commonly  understood  by  the  world.  This  is  not 
our  position.  In  common  parlance,  we  are  sim- 
ply heliemrs  in  the  predictions  of  those  who  were 
by  Divine  commission  tlie  Prophets  of  "Our 
Race,"  and  the  utmost  that  we  dare  to  assume 
unto  ourselves  in  these  premises,  is  a  clearer  un- 
derstanding of  these  prophecies  than  certainly 
seems  to  be  the  common  property.  The  key  to 
this  broader  outlook  is  the  New  and  True  Chro- 
nology. It  is  a  rigid  and  a  correct  scale  of  years, 
planted  by  the  orbs  of  heaven,  and  in  its  light 
now  certainly  let  in  upon  the  Scrix^tures,  Students 
of  the  Prophecies  cannot  err  and  the  swiftest 
runner  may  discern  the  signs.  It  is  to  teach  oth- 
ers the  secret  of  this  clairvoyance  that  we  are 
now  writing  so  that  they,  with  us,  may  also  see 
the  waymarks  as  they  speed  along— /or  Qiot  to 
see  them  henceforth  is  simply  progress  totoards 
®tBix\itixO\\f.  and  to  see  them  as  we  do  our- 
selves will  force  others  irresistibly  to  swell  this 
"midnight  cry!'' 


122  THE  VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

Disavowing  therefore  that  we  ' '  predict ' '  any- 
thing, but  fearlessly  alleging  that  we  believe 
"the  end  of  the  age"  has  come  npon  us,  even  as 
it  has  been  circumstantially  predicted  by  those 
who  had  the  authority  so  to  do,  and  being  only 
desirous  of  imparting  our  own  information,  and 
the  reasons  for  the  faith  that  is  in  us,  we  admit 
the  facts  stated  in  this  friendly  letter  and  from 
the  paper  which  accompanied  it  (The  National 
Tribune,  Washington,  D  C,  Aug.  7,  1890,)  ex- 
tract the  following] : 

"It  is  estimated  that  one  million  Hebrews  will 
have  to  leave  Russia  within  the  next  few  months, 
on  account  of  the  enforcement  of  the  edict  of  1882. 
According  to  this  edict  the  Russian  Jews  must 
hereafter  only  reside  in  certain  towns.  None  of 
them  will  he  permitted  to  own  land,  or  to  hire  it 
for  agricultural  purposes,  and  the  order  includes 
hundreds  of  villages  which  have  large  Hebrew 
populations.  The  Russian  Jews  cannot  hereafter 
have  shares  in  or  worJc  mines.  They  are  debarred 
from  holding  posts  under  the  Government.  They 
cannot  enter  the  army,  and  will  not  he  allowed  to 
practice  medicine,  laio,  or  to  enter  any  of  the  pro- 
fessions. Their  residence  must  hereafter  be  con- 
fined to  16  of  the  provinces  of  Russia,  and  these 
provisions  loill  create  an  exodus  of  Israelites 
greater  in  numher  than  the  trihes  who  went  forth 
under  Moses. ^^  Verily  before  such  bondage  as  is 
implied  by  the  enforcement  of  an  edict  so  abom- 
inable, that  of  Egypt  itself  pales  to  insignificance, 


JUDAH   HOMEWARD   BOUND.  123 

nor  is  it  a  matter  of  wonder  that  the  threat  has 
begotten  a  concerted  protest  from  the  whole  civil- 
ized world. 

But  Russia' s  policy  is  like  that  of  the  ' '  Medes 
and  Persians" — unalterable — and  certainly,  with 
fatuitous  persistency,  it  lures  her  on  to  Armaged- 
don. In  the  mean  time,  with  Pharaonic  lack  of 
foresight,  although  paralleling  Egypt' s  methods 
of  oppression,  and  foreseeing  its  natural  solution, 
the  Czar  does  not  intend  to  let  oppression's  chil- 
dren seek  relief  by  exodus.  Orders  have  been 
sent  to  the  frontier  customs  posts,  and  to  the 
railways  in  Poland,  to  watch  for  the  threatened 
emigration  of  Hebrews  from  Russia! — {TiHbune.) 

In  its  editorial  the  New  York  TiHhune  says: 
"The  Czar's  infamous  decree  of  religious  intoler- 
ance excites  much  indignation  in  England,  as  it 
should  in  every  country  of  the  civilized  world. 
Not  since  the  dark  ages  has  such  a  brutal  specta- 
cle been  presented.  It  is  not  only  a  persecution 
of  the  Jews,  but  of  all  persons  who  do  not  con- 
form to  the  Czar' s  own  notions  in  religious  affairs. 
All  American  and  other  Protestant  ministers  in 
Russia  have  been  ordered  summarily  to  quit 
work  under  pain  of  expulsion  or  worse.  Even 
the  Greek  church  itself  is  to  be  purged  of  all  who 
are  suspected  of  any  degree  of  heterodoxy." 

Truly  we  are  upon  the  threshold  of  ' '  the  days 
of  upheaval,"  and  that  religious  elements  are  to 
be  prominent  factors  in  the  solution  of  coming- 
questions  is  no  longer  a  matter  of  mere  prophecy 


124  THE   VOICE   OF   IIISTOKY. 

and  prediction — they  are  already  facts,  and  all 
"the  East"  is  the  caldron  in  which  their  seeth- 
ing issues  are  to  boil.  In  Jeremiah's  day  the 
matter  was  a  prophecy  (Jer.  i.  13-16),  but  in  ours 
the  ebullition  has  begun. 

That  we  are  not  alone  in  these  conclusions,  but 
find  them  shared,  in  all  their  practical  bearings, 
by  those  whom  no  one  will  accuse  of  being  fan- 
atics, pessimists,  or  alarmists,  let  us  quote  at 
length  a  late  editorial  of  the  New  York  Thi- 
hune  (Aug.  10,  1890),  for  while  we  sit  here  work- 
ing at  our  last  appendix  an  ominous  move  has 
been  announced  upon  the  Eastern  checkerboard. 
Under  the  heading  of  the  "Sheik  Against  the 
Patriarch,"  the  editorial  is  as  follows: 

'  'A  few  weeks  ago  two  members  of  the  Turkish 
ministry.  Christians,  resigned  their  portfolios,  in 
protest  against  the  Porte's  unjust  dealings  with 
the  Armenians.  Now,  Dionysius  V,  the  Greek 
Patriarch  at  Constantinople,  resigns  his  office  in 
protest  against  the  Porte's  unjust  dealings  with 
the  Greek  Church.  Standing  alone,  this  latter 
event  would  be  important.  Regarded  in  connec- 
tion with  preceding  events  and  with  surrounding 
conditions,  it  is  most  ominous.  This  x)relate  is 
the  head,  it  is  true,  of  only  one  of  the  three  great 
divisions  of  the  Holy  Oriental  Orthodox  Catholic 
Ax)ostolic  Church,  and  that  by  no  means  the 
largest.  He  has  technically  no  authority  over 
the  Holy  Synod  of  St.  Petersburg,  nor  over  the 
National   Greek   Church.      Yet   Constantinople, 


JUDAH   HOMEWARD   BOUND.  125 

the  city  of  the  first  Christian  Emperor,  is  re- 
garded as  the  center  and  capital  of  the  whole 
Eastern  Church,  and  so  the  Patriarch  there  has  a 
certain  sentimental  supremacy  over  the  heads  of 
the  other  branches,  and  is  in  a  measure  the  repre- 
sentative and  si3okesman  of  them  all.  He  is,  of 
course,  the  absolute  sx)iritual  head,  and  largely, 
too,  the  temporal  head,  of  all  the  Greek  Chris- 
tians in  European  Turkey,  who  number  not  far 
from  half  of  the  entire  population.  It  may  easily 
be  imagined,  therefore,  what  a  widespread  sensa- 
tion his  resignation  will  cause,  and  how  ill  the 
Porte  can  afford  to  ignore  such  a  protest  against 
its  policy. 

'•This  resignation  is  one  more  unmistakable  in- 
dication of  the  fanatical  rule  of  the  Sheik-ul- 
Islam  over  the  Sultan  and  his  ministers.  This 
power  behind  the  throne,  backed  by  the  Moslem 
priesthood  and  the  mob,  holds  that  the  woes  of 
Islam  come  because  of  compromise  with  sin,  and 
that  the  only  hope  of  the  Empire  lies  in  sternly 
smiting  the  infidel  on  every  hand.  So  the  Porte 
was  driven  to  fasten  new  fetters  upon  the  Chris- 
tians of  Crete. 

"  So  it  was  constrained  to  turn  a  deaf  ear  to  the 
cries  of  outraged  Armenia.  It  was  permitted 
to  grant  berats  to  Bulgarian  bishops  in  Macedo- 
nia only  because  there  seemed  a  chance  of  fo- 
menting dissension  between  two  branches  of  the 
Christian  Church.  Indeed,  this  very  granting  of 
the  berats  is  the  immediate  provocation  of  the 


126  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

Patriarch's  resignation.  But  in  other  matters 
the  Sheik-ul- Islam  has  driven  the  Porte  to  re- 
l^eated  acts  of  unjust  discrimination  against  tlie 
Greelv  Church.  And  now,  both  in  despair  and 
in  defiance,  the  chief  i3relate  of  that  Churcli  in 
Turl-Ley  resigns  his  office.  The  Patriarcli  lias  con- 
tended witli  tlie  Slieik,  and  is  overcome.  So  he 
practically  makes  an  appeal  to  the  country.  For 
now  every  Greek  Christian  Avill  take  up  the  fight ; 
and  every  Christian  of  any  name,  too,  for  by  its 
conduct  toward  Greeks  and  Armenians  alike,  the 
Porte  has  shown  its  hostility  to  be  directed  to- 
ward no  particular  creed,  but  toward  all  who  do 
not  bow  to  Islam. 

''It  would  be  difficult  to  arouse  a  religious  war 
in  Western  Euroj)e.  It  would  be  easy  to  do  so 
in  Eastern  Europe,  where  civilization  is  at  a  low 
ebb,  and  fanaticism  is  rampant,  and  where  for 
centuries  all  sorts  of  oppression  for  conscience's 
sake  have  been  perpetrated.  The  Greek  and 
other  Christians  of  European  Turkey  have  suf- 
fered much  because  of  their  religion.  Hitherto 
they  have  been  almost  helpless.  But  now  they 
form  a  majority  of  the  population,  and  they  have 
the  sympathy  of  other  nations  at  their  back. 
They  see,  moreover,  the  Ottoman  power  weaker 
tJian  ever  before.  The  Patriarch  of  Constantino- 
ple resigns,  and  thus  rouses  every  Christian  in 
the  peninsula.  Prince  Ferdinand  prepares  to 
proclaim  himself  King  of  Bulgaria,  and  be  no 
more  a  tributarv  vassal.     Russia  increases  her 


JUDAH   HOMEWAKD  BOUND.  127 

army  on  the  frontier,  and  demands  $150,000,000 
from  an  empty  treasury.  And  the  Sheik-nl- 
Islam,  with  tlie  grip  of  blind  fanaticism,  holds 
the  helm  and  keeps  the  Ottoman  ship  of  state 
headed  straight  for  the  midst  of  the  breakers. 
Truly,  it  is  Kismet!" 

Not  a  week  passes,  hardly  a  day,  but  that  the 
''  watchers"  gather  news  like  this  and  formulate 
it  into  ominous  fulfillments  of  the  ancient  oracles 
— the  only  wonder  is  that  even  casual  readers 
have  not  already  had  their  eyes  forced  open  to 
the  import  of  the  days  ahead !  But  greater  won- 
der is  it,  more  than  all,  that  those  who  are  the 
' '  Shepherds ' '  in  Israel  have  not  wakened  to  tiieik 
duty,  and  flung  away  the  hypocrisy  of  their 
"higher  criticism,"  and  come  out  boldly  for  the 
truth  "as  it  is  written,"  and  begun  to  teacli  the 
hungry  flock  that  strays  scattered  on  the  hill- 
sides. 

May  the  Almighty  judge  them  for  the  moments 
they  delay,  and  bless  the  efforts  of  all  who  strive 
to  herd  the  sheej)  into  the  pastures  that  are  green. 

In  view  of  the  discussion  in  this  present  vol- 
ume, and  of  the  conclusion  arrived  at,  and  al- 
ready tabulated,  that  the  true  A.  M.  year  com- 
mencing with  this  autumnal  equinox  marks  the 
reversed  parallel  of  the  first  year  of  Evil  Mero- 
dach  ( II  Kings,  xxv.  27-30),  the  present  news  is 
very  significant.  But  still  more  so  is  this  fact 
stated  in  the  Tribune^  to  wit:  "Letters  from 
Rabbis  in    Russia    mention    September    as    the 


128  THE  VOICE   OF  HISTOKY. 

period  for  enforcing  tlie  new  anti- Jewish  regula- 
tions." That  is,  the  movement  predicted  in  the 
Prophets,  and  now  made  clear  in  the  present  vol- 
ume, will  date  officially  with  the  beginning  of  a 
year,  5651  Jewish  era,  which  we  have  already 
shown  to  be  so  Tetragrammatal ! 

The  Washington  Tribune  states  that  ' '  a  con- 
vention of  delegates,  representing  the  largest  col- 
onies (of  Jews)  in  36  different  cities  of  Russia, 
met,  July,  10  months  ago,  and,  after  a  long  dis- 
cussion, they  gave  a  unanimous  vote  for  Pales- 
tine as  their  future  home.^^ 

'The  change  that  such  an  emigration  would 
produce  on  the  Holy  Land  cannot  be  overesti- 
mated. One  million  new  workers  would  mean 
the  adding  of  150  per  cent,  to  the  population  of 
the  land  occupied  by  ancient  Palestine,  and  it 
would  make  Jerusalem  a  city  of  more  than 
100,000  people.  The  Holy  City  has  been  grow- 
ing with  almost  American  rapidity  within  the 
past  few  years,  and  an  exodus  of  the  Jews  from 
all  parts  of  the  world  to  it  is  sloioly  hut  surely 
going  on.^^ 

What  an  im^^etus  to  such  a  movement  this 
Russian  Edict  may  engender,  and  what  unknown 
increments  may  even  now  be  shaking  off  the 
latency  of  suffering  years  no  man  can  say,  but 
all  men  who  have  read  the  Prophets  with  atten- 
tive minds,  must  rest  convinced  that  they  will  be 
forthcoming  in  their  proper  season. 


JUDAH  HOMEWARD  BOUND.        129 

A  close  comparison  of  tlie  two  principal  dia- 
grams herein  published  ( ' '  The  End  of  the  Age ' ' 
page  207,  and  general  plan  of  the  "Times  of  the 
Gentiles"  page  213),  will  suggest  the  following 
dates  as  those  which  are  to  be  most  closely 
watched  by  all  concerned :  Sept. ,  1890 ;  March 
and  September,  1891;  and  March,  1892.  The  lat- 
ter month  will  probably  contain  the  most  momen- 
tous event  of  history,  and  up  to  it,  and  certainly 
from  it  onwards  until  March,  1899,  it  will  tax 
the  modern  Press,  in  telegraphic  brevity,  to  keep 
apace  of  all  that  shall  occur. 

That  outside  of  any  such  calculations,  which 
all  who  are  ' '  wise ' '  now  agree  are  necessary  in 
the  premises,  and  of  weighty  import,  that  outside 
of  them,  and  viewed  from  purely  human  stand- 
points, there  is  quite  enough  to  w^arrant  the  con- 
cern wdth  which  the  publications  of  the  Our  Race 
Company  have  endeavored  to  be  heard,  should  be 
patent  even  to  those  wdio  reject  our  premises. 
For  instance,  in  an  editorial  upon  the  "Cost  of 
'Armed  Peace,'  "  the  New  York  TiHhune  of  Sun- 
day, Aug  3d,  1890,  furnishes  a  most  startling 
reminder  of  wdiat  from  very  natural  causes  will 
j)robably  tend  to  bring  about  the  state  of  affairs 
which  w^e  maintain,  and  have  shown  in  this  vol- 
ume, was  sujyernaturaUy  predicted  centuries 
ago.  In  view  therefore  of  tlie  peculiar  prominence 
which  our  own  studies  cast  ux)on  the  year  1892, 
the  editorial  referred  to  is  very  significant  read- 
ing:— 


130  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

"Although/'  it  says,  "the  triple  Alliance  has 
undoubtedly  contributed  to  x)reserve  Europe  dur- 
ing the  last  few  years  from  the  horrors  of  a  gen- 
eral war,  yet  it  is  extremely  unlikely  that  it  will 
be  prolonged  beyond  January  1892,  lolten  the 
existing  treaty  expires  (/)  Its  continuation  after 
that  date  is  imj)robable,  and  even  impossible,  in 
consequence  of  the  inability  of  either  Italy  or 
Austria  to  meet  the  financial  burden  which  it  im- 
poses upon  it. 

And,  again,  "The  stipulations  have  all  been  ful- 
filled to  the  letter,  both  by  the  Austrian  and  Ital- 
ian governments,  and  will  continue  to  be  so 
until  the  present  (7  year)  compact  lapses,  at  the 
end  of  next  year.  But  the  strain  to  which  it  has 
subjected  Austria,  and  in  particular  Italian 
finance  has  been  excessive — far  more  so,  in  fact, 
than  is  generally  known.  Neither  of  the  two 
nations  is  in  a  position  to  submit  to  it  any  longer, 
and  the  Austro-Hungarian  Minister  of  AVar, 
General  Von  Bauer,  did  not  exaggerate  the  other 
day  when  he  informed  the  Parliamentary  dele- 
gations in  tones  of  desj)air  that  the  present  state 
of  afi'airs  could  not  last.  And,  indeed,  doubts 
have  arisen  in  the  minds  of  most  the  leading 
statesmen  of  the  two  countries  in  question,  as  to 
whether  an  attitude  of  conciliation  and  abnega- 
tion, rendered  necessary  by  disarmament,  would 
not  be  preferable  to  the  disgrace  of  national 
bankruptcy,  and  to  the  ruin  of  national  trade 
and  industry.'"* 


JUDAH    HOMEWAKD    BOUND.  131 

But,  there  is  a  darker  side  to  this  inevitable 
rupture  of  the  Triple  Alliance  —  really  the  one 
at  which  the  Alliance  aims  ! — the  Russian  side! 
If,  by  dint  of  longer  '  *  staying  powers '''  and  by 
means  of  impenetrable  "bluff,"  the  great  North- 
ern Bear,  aggressive  by  unbroken  precedent, 
shall  survive  in  arms  an  otherwise  general  Euro- 
pean laying  down  of  weapons,  will  she  not  have 
gained  her  point  'i  Will  the  failure  of  the  Triple 
Alliance  to  maintain  itself,  for  pure  want  of 
means,  alter  the  policy  laid  down  in  the  ' '  will  of 
Peter  the  Great  ? "  Is  it  to  be  reasonably  sup- 
posed that  the  acute  statesmen  of  Russia  are 
ignorant  of  the  extremities  in  which  Europe  finds 
herself,  or  will  fail  to  profit  by  just  that  oppor- 
tunity for  which  with  consummate  foresight  they 
have  been  waiting  'i  Europe  is  indeed  in  a  serious 
dilemma — to  disarm  does  not  mean  peace,  to  main- 
tain the  strain  means  Anarchy !  In  the  mean- 
time "the  drift  of  affairs"  in  Turkey,  says  an 
occasional  Vienna  correspondent  of  the  Tribune^ 
is  steadily,  irresistibly  and  unmistakably  to- 
wards the  bad,  and  so  bad  has  the  condition  now 
become  that  the  end  cannot  be  far  off.  The  dis- 
missal of  Prince  Bismark  from  office  removed 
the  only  effectual  guarantee  of  a  peaceful  settle- 
ment of  this  hopelessly  involved  Eastern  Ques- 
tion, and  the  Porte,  between  the  armies  of  Europe 
and  the  priest-led  mob  of  Islam,  between  the 
devil  and  the  deep  sea,  lets  things  drift  to  de- 
struction as  they  please." 


133  THE  VOICE  OF  HISTORY. 

But  liere,  too,  Russia  lias  a  lien  too  long  de- 
layed in  its  foreclosure.  The  finances  of  Turkey 
are  dried  up,  Russia  knows  it,  and  is  now  forcing 
the  "  Sick  man's"  hand.  She  has  formally  de- 
clared that  the  long  delayed  war  indemnity  must 
be  paid  at  once,  if  not  she  will  take  forcible  steps 
to  collect  it — 

In  reality  she  prefers  the  forcible  means  ! 

In  the  pending  moments  the  ten  great  powers 
which  are  to  be  involved  in  the  coming  conflict 
are  looming  into  view.  In  the  west  we  have  Por- 
tugal, Spain,  France,  Italy  and  Austria,  the  toes 
of  one  foot  of  Nebuchadnezzar  s  image; — in  the 
east  Egypt,  Syria,  Turkey  and  Greece,  already 
form  four  toes  of  the  other  foot,  and  it  seems 
almost  certain  that  before  the  year  is  out 
the  world  will  hear  of  King  Ferdinand,  of  Inde- 
pendent Bulgaria,  the  missing  toe  !  The  image 
is  unstable,  the  feet  are  formed  of  "iron  mixed 
with  clay" — of  Monarchy  and  Anarchy  ! 

Tlie  English,  the  Grermans  and  the  Russians 
never  formed  any  part  of  the  Roman  Empire. 
Scotland  and  Ireland  never  saw  a  victorious  Ro- 
man eagle,  the  true  Britons  were  in  Wales  while 
Rome  was  present  in  the  Islands  of  the  AVest, 
and  when  Rome  left  Albion's  shore,  she  not  only, 
by  two  separate  imperial  edicts,  officially  ab- 
solved her  from  even  nominal  allegiance,  but  it 
was  not  until  then  that  the  never  dominated  An- 
glo-Saxon came  in  to  stay  ! 


JUDAH  HOMEWARD  BOUND.  133 

It  is  ridiculous  to  count  England  into  the 
"Image"  of  Gentile  Sway  1 

Yet  England  will  have  much  to  say,  and  more 
to  do  in  the  coming  stirring  times, — for  she  it  is 
who  forms  that  other  Empire — even  the  one  of 
STONE !  Germany  and  England,  the  Assyria  and 
Israel  of  "the  latter  days,"  (Isa.  xix.  23-25)  are 
already  significantly  bound  by  a  late  secret  com- 
pact, "^  and  it  requires  but  little  perspicuity  to 
discern  the  nation  that  will  stand  as  tliird  in 
such  a  Triple  Alliance  when  the  final  day  of  need 
arrives ! 

But  in  this  picture  where  does  Kussia  stand  \ 
The  answer  is  found  in  Ezekiel  xxxviii.  and 
xxxix.  and  where  she  stands  she  ultimately  falls, 
and  where  she  falls  she  lies  ! 

However,  ere  this  Northern  Monster  meets  its 
final  fate  upon  the  slppes  of  Esdraelon  she  has  a 
part  to  play,  and  in  it  is  to  be  an  incarnate 
agent  of  Evil. 

But  in  the  meantime  there  is  a  golden  ' '  hook ' ' 
(Ezek.  xxxviii.  4)  which  may  yet  check  the  anti- 
Jewish  hostility  of  Russia  for  at  least  a  spell, — 
and  Fate  has  strangely  placed  its  control  in  Jew- 
ish hands  !  We  refer  to  the  protest  of  the  rich 
Jewish  bankers  of  Paris,  who  have  intimated 
that,  unless  the  Czar  at  once  guarantees  the  orig- 
inal status  quo^  they  will  join  the  German  and 
English  combination  against  Russian  stocks ! 

*  An  offensive  and  defensive  naval  one,  and  it  is  believed 
even  broader  ! 


134  THE  VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

The  Rothschilds  have  taken  the  initiative  in  this 
protest,  and  have  followed  it  up  so  energetically 
that,  through  the  good  offices  of  the  French  gov- 
ernment already  in  close  alliance  with  Russia,  it 
is  believed  they  have  gained  a  temporary  point. 

That  such  a  forced  restraint  will  change  the 
aminus  of  Russia' s  treatment  of  the  Jews  is  not  to 
be  considered  for  a  moment — the  spots  upon  the 
leopard  will  change  first :  nor  probably  will  the 
imj)etus  thus  given  to  the  Jewish  Exodus  be 
checked.  We  may  therefore  confidently  look  for 
an  escape  from  bondage,  and  in  due  time  for  a 
parallel  to  the  disaster  which  befell  Pharaoh's 
hosts  in  the  Red  Sea. 

And  here,  from  sheer  inability  to  follow  this 
continually  unrolling  drama  further,  we  must 
leave  j)rognostications  to  events  themselves.  With 
others  who  have  faith,  we  are  content  to  await  de- 
velopments ;  and  with  them  are  satisfied  that,  no 
matter  what  unlooked  for  course  they  may  event- 
ually take,  the  lines  laid  down  by  Israel's  proph- 
ets will  be  literally  followed — nor  delay  beyond 
the  times  and  seasons  set  for  them  of  old. 

Finally,  dispatches  from  Berlin  indicate  that 
there  was  political  significance  in  the  late  visit  of 
the  Kaiser,  the  outcome  of  which  may  astonish 
the  world.  It  is  believed  that  he  is  fully  awake 
to  the  gravity  of  the  European  situation,  and 
that  the  main  object  of  his  recent  royal  pilgrim- 
ages has  been  to  bring  al^out  some  new  guarantee 
of  peace.     To  this  the  Czar  s  assent  is  necessary, 


JUDAII   HOMEWARD    BOUND.  135 

and  the  belief  in  official  circles  is  that  the  Czar 
will  treat  the  league  of  peace  as  a  futility  unless 
associated  with  the  restoration  of  Russian  dom- 
inance in  the  Balkans,  and  the  permanent  satis- 
fying of  France. 

And  thus  it  is  that  in  the  midst  of  warlike  ten- 
sion the  cry  of  ' '  Peace,  Peace  !  "  is  raised,  while 
the  Bible  has  declared  there  "  is  no  Peace ! ' '  That 
cannot  be  until  the  whole  present  system,  with 
its  broken  faith  and  faithless  guarantees  is  swept 
away.  Next  year  is  set  for  the  universal  peace 
convention.  It  is  to  meet  in  Rome,  beneath  the 
cracking  dome  of  St.  Peter' s.  "^  But  whether  it 
be  fated  to  convene  or  not  its  deliberations  can 
but  be  in  vain,  for  so  it  is  predicted. 

The  time  has  therefore  come  when  men  must 
see  the  things  as  they  are^  and  as  they  have  been 
written  from  of  old,  but  not  perhax3s,  before  the 
outcome,  nor  from  volumes  such  as  this ;  yet 
none  the  less — must  see  them  and  believe. 

Half  a  century  ago  there  were  only  3, 000  Jews 
in  the  Holy  Land,  and  there  were  but  32  Jewish 
families  in  Jerusalem.     Now,  about  40,000  out  of 

*The  dome  of  St,  Peter's  has  been  cracking  for  a  considera- 
ble length  of  time,  and  the  number  and  extent  of  the  fissures 
are  becoming  alarming.  About  a  hundred  years  ago  a  similar 
state  of  things  was  remedied  by  encircling  the  dome  with  a 
strong  band  of  metal.  The  band  was  heated,  and  its  contrac- 
tion on  cooling  was  found  to  be  sufficient  to  close  up  the  cracks. 
The  suggestion  now  made  is  that  electric  welding  has  come  just 
in  time  to  make  St,  Peter's  safe  for  another  hundred  years. — 
The  Queries  Mngazine,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  August,  1890. 


136  THE   VOICE   OF    HISTORY. 

50,000  in  the  city  of  David  are  Jews,  and  if  the 
Russian  emigrants  are  allowed  to  enter, — and 
who,  pray,  shall  contravene  the  prophecies  of 
God  ? — the  city  will  be  built  albeit  it  shall  be  ' '  in 
troublous  times." 

Frank  G.  Carpenter,  in  his  late  article  in  the 
National  Tribune^  says :  ' '  When  I  visited  Jeru- 
salem about  a  year  ago,  I  was  told  that  three- 
fourths  of  the  people  were  Jews,  and  I  found 
Jews  about  the  walls  of  the  Temple  of  Solomon 
from  every  part  of  the  world.  The  most  curious 
among  them  were  the  Gaddites,  a  tribe  which 
has  lately  come  from  the  southern  part  of  Arabia, 
and  which  has  been  shut  off  from  the  rest  of  the 
Jews  of  the  world  until  now.  These  Jews  had  a 
number  of  rare  manuscripts  of  the  Holy  Scrip- 
tures. They  knew  nothing  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment, and  had  left  Jerusalem  (Palestine  '^)  before 
Christ  was  born.  They  claim  to  have  received  a 
prophecy  which  warned  them  to  come  back  to  the 
land  of  their  fathers,  and  they  are  now  there 
tilling  the  soil.  There  are  many  Jews  in  Jeru- 
salem from  Morocco,  and  these  are  of  such  a 
character  and  belief  that  they  have  a  strict  class 
of  their  own.  They  are  not  under  the  i:)rotection 
of  any  European  power,  and  they  claim  to  have 
been  in  Spain  at  the  time  of  the  crucifixion. 
They  state  that  they  were  driven  from  Spain  by 
Ferdinand  and  Isabella  during  the  same  year 
that  Columbus  discovered  America,  and  were 
forced  to  go  with  the  Moors  to  Morocco.     They 


JUDAH  HOMEWARD  BOUND.        137 

speak  Spanish,  dress  in   oriental  costume,   and 
number  at  least  5,000." 

But  it  is  to  no  further  purpose  that  we  review 
the  Jewish  signs  of  the  times,  and  those  which 
concentrate  upon  the  Eastern  question.  The 
threshold  of  the  a^Dpointed  days  has  certainly 
been  reached,  and  from  now  on  not  single  vol- 
umes, nay,  not  even  libraries,  may  serve  to  com- 
pass all  that  could  be  written;  but  in  closing,  let 
one  thing  that  has  been  written  be  rex)eated  with 
concern  to  "Judah."  In  this  series  we  are  ear- 
nestly advocating  the  truth  of  Anglo-Saxon  iden- 
tity with  Lost  Israel — it  is  essential  that  Judah 
"walk  with  Israel"  in  the  great  return  to  the 
land  of  her  ancestors.  If  she  walks  alone  she  is 
doomed  to  stumble,  and  if  she  mistakes  her 
"Israel  Ridivivus"  she  will  stumble  into  doom  ! 

There  is  one  terrible  prediction  yet  hanging 
over  Judah' s  head — which,  whether  they  believe 
in  Him  who  uttered  it  or  not,  has  all  the  force  of 
nearly  1,900  years  to  lend  it  credence  ere  the 
day  of  its  fulfillment. 

' '  I  am  come  in  my  Father' s  name  and  ye  re- 
ceived me  not,  if  (xWl^i^^  shall  come  in  Ms  own 
name^  him  ye  will  receive  .^ "  (John,  v.  43). 

The  Saviour  here  refers  to  Anti-christ  as  the 
"Anarchos  "  whose  advent  is  at  hand  ! 

c.  A.  L.  T. 

August  21st,  1890. 


^^  In  the  first  year  of  Darius  the  son  of  Ahas- 
uerus^  of  the  seed  of  the  Medes  loliich  toas  made 
Tclng  over  the  realm  of  the  Chaldeans; 

In  the  first  year  of  his  reir/n^  /,  Daniel^  un- 
derstood hy  hooJis  the  number  of  the  years  lohere- 
of  the  word  of  the  Lord  came  to  Jeremiah  the 
proj)het  that  he  would  accomplisli  semnty  years 
in  the  desolations  of  Jerusalem'^    Dan.  ix.  1-2. 


PAET  III. 


CHRONOLOGICAL  TABLES. 


''  We  account  the  Scriptures  of  God  to  be  the  most 

sublime  philosophy. 
'''Ifiud  more  sure  marks  of  authenticity  in  the 

Bible  than  in  any  prof  ane  history  whatever,'^' 

— Sir  Isaac  Newton. 


THE 

"  CHALD./EAN  BABYLONIAN  ERA," 

Synchronized    with    Biblical   Chronology 

AND   WITH 

SECULAR  HISTORY  AND  ASTRONOMY. 


The  object  of  the  following  tabular  digest  is  to 
^x  the  Origin  of  the  Babylonian  Era,  in  order 
that  we  may  know  its  latter  and  terminal  years 
with  the  most  absolute  accuracy. 

The  author  submits  it  to  the  Christian  world  as 
a  scientific  demonstration,  in  so  far  as  its  astronom- 
ical and  chronological  references  are  concerned. 
It  is  but  an  extract  from  very  voluminous  notes. 
But  as  time  will  not  permit,  nor  are  means  yet  at 
hand  to  present  its  collateral  chapters,  it  must 
stand  in  the  present  volume  in  a  somewhat  dis- 
connected position. 

If  the  Bible  student  will  fairly  examine  it, 
against  any  and  every  reference  contained  in  the 
Holy  Writ,  covered  by  the  years  that  its  own 
scope  comprehends,  he  will  find  that  it  answers 
every  special  requirement,  and  so  harmonizes  the 
cross  references  as  to  demonstrate  that  its  own 
inter-relations  are  without  flaw. 


142  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

As  a  preliminary  step  in  the  construction  of 
this  table  it  was  demanded  that  every  Biblical  ref- 
erence to  the  contemporary  years  of  Kings  and 
Chronicles  and  the  Prophets  and  to  the  Hebrew 
Calendar,  should  be  arranged  agreeably  to  the 
record  itself,  without  any  modification  whatso- 
ever. The  first  result  was,  that  so  soon  as  the 
table  had  been  thus  completed,  it  was  manifest  at 
a  glance  that  it  was,  in  esse,  a  harmony — and  one 
which  needed  no  apology,  anywhere  along  its  se- 
quence. 

It  was  thereafter  an  easy  matter  to  synchronize 
the  scale  thus  resulting,  with  secular  history, 
since,  of  course,  many  dates  therein  already  syn- 
chronized, and  the  rest  fell  into  line  so  soon  as  a 
few  were  fixed. 

The  astronomical  and  chronological  data  then 
clinched  the  scale  against  the  A.  M.  years  beyond 
any  possibility  of  moving  them.  They  will  be 
found  to  agree  with  the  rectified  chronology 
already  vised  by  the  British  Chronological  Society 
and  now,  for  so  many  years  published  in  ^'AU 
Past  Time." 

In  this  table  the  B.  C.  years  are  the  true  ones, 
/.  e.,  they  are  reckoned  from  3996  A.  M. ;  to 
change  them  to  Ushers  B.  C.  dates,  add  8  years, 
since  his  scale  reckons  from  4004  A.  M. 


PRELIMINARY 

CHRONOLOGICAL  OUTLINE. 


3233  A.  M.     763  B.  C. 

Iva-lush  (Arbaces  ?)  or  the  "Pnl  "  of  the  Scrip- 
tures, an  Assyrian  General,  governing  the  north- 
ern provinces,  and  Belesis,  the  governor  of  Baby- 
lon, having  revolted,  overthrew  Nineveh  and 
blotted  out  the  "First  Assyrian  Empire." 

With  ' '  Pul ' '  the  ' '  Second  Assyrian  Empire ' ' 
began  and  with  Belesis  the  ' '  Second  Babylonian 
Empire."  To  anticix)ate  now  the  thread  of  his- 
tory this  II  Assyrian  Empire,  under  Esar  Haddon 
eventually  put  an  end  to  the  II  Babylonian,  and 
continued  until  Nabopolassar  conquered  it,  and 
founded  upon  its  ruins  the  Chaldee  Babylonian 
empire. 

The  particular  aim  of  this  table  is  to  settle  the 
true  opening  year  of  this  latter  empire,  to  follow 
its  first  QQ  years  chronologically,  and  to  f^i^  this 
chronology  beyond  all  peradventure  by  references 
to  history,  astronomy  and  the  Bible. 

3244  A.  M.     752  B.  C. 

Menahem  pays  tribute  to  ' '  Pul ' '  the  king  of 
Assyria.     2  Kings  xv.  19-20  ;  1  Chron.  v.  3,  25. 


144  THE   BABYLONIAN   ERA. 

3257  A.  M.  739  B.  C. 
The  edict  of  Nabonassar  fixes  his  ERA,  (Thoth 
1  or  Feb.  26th  noon).  This  date  is  accurately  de- 
termined by  astronomical  observations,  including 
eclipses  recorded  by  Ptolemy,  the  times  of  whose 
occurrencies  were  invariably  measured  by  the 
ancient  astronomers  from  it.  From  this  year  on 
to  the  20th  year  of  Artaxerxes  (3557  A.  M.),  is 
just  300  vears. 

3263  A.  M.     733  B.  C. 

' '  Within  three  score  and  five  years  shall  Eph- 
raim  be  broken  that  it  be  not  a  people." — Isa.vii. 
8 ;  mde  2  Kings,  xvi.  5-8-,  "  Lo-Ammi  ! " — Hosea 
i.  10.  Isaiah's  jirophecy  was  uttered  uj^on  the 
Sabbath,  the  6th  day  of  the  6th  civil  month,  (our 
February)  and  began  to  go  into  effect  at  once, 
since  in  this  year  Tiglath  Pileser  carried  away 
' '  the  Reubenites,  the  Gadites  and  the  half -tribe 
of  Manasseh."  (1  Chron.  v.  26). 

3265  A.  M.     731  B.  C. 

Tiglath  Pileser  II  destroys  Damascus,  (western 
Asiatic  Inscriptions  of  Brit.  Museum,  vol.  iii  p. 
10)  and  Ahab  visits  him  (2  Kings  xvi.  9-16). 

3282  A.  M.  714  B.  C. 
The  siege  of  Samaria,  that  is  of  the  City,  the 
capital  of  the  land  of  Samaria,  was  opened  by 
Shalmaneser,  at  the  beginning  of  this  year.  It 
lasted  3  full  years  3282-3-4.  Shalmaneser  died 
during  the  siege.  He  was  succeeded  by  Sargon, 
who  conducted  it  to  its  close.     Its  termination 


PRELIMINARY   OUTLINE. 


145 


was  in  the  9th  year  of  Hosea,  and  the  7th  of  Hez- 
ekiah.  Tioo  Samarias  are  referred  to  in  2  Kings, 
xvii.  /.  e.  the  city,  verse  5,  and  the  land,  verse  6. 
The  people  of  the  land  began  to  be  moved  away 
at  once.  Thus,  however  we  regard  the  chronology 
of  Chronicles  and  Kings,  Hosea' s  actual  reign 
over  them,  /.  e.  "Israel"  was  but  nine  years  in 
duration.  But  this  chronology  is  not  at  all  in 
fault,  a  fact  which  is  of  sufficient  importance  to 
clear  up  at  once,  and  so  at  last  set  right  a  place 
in  Biblical  exegesis  which  has  always  been  a  van- 
tage ground  for  Infidels. 

hoshea's  reign  harmonized. 


NO.    A.M. 

HOSHEA. 

AHAZ.             HEZEKIAH. 

(1)  3274 

1 

12 

2d  Kgs.  xvii.l 

(2)  3275 

2 

13 

(3)  3276. 

(4)  3277  ^ 
(5)3278^ 

(6)  3279 

(7)  3280 

In        (  i 
Prison  \ 

V 

5 

3d 
Yr. 

14 

25      2d  Kgs.  xvii.  4 

16 

•^nir2dKgs.  xviii.  1 

\  2Chron.xxix. 

2        3-17 

(8)  3281 

6 

3  2d  Kgs.  xvii. 5 

(9)  3182 

7 

4  2  Kgs.  xviii.  9 

(10)  3283 

8 

5  2d  Kgs.  xvii.  6 

(11)  3284 

9 

6  2  K.  xviii.  10 

An    examination    of  the  foregoing  table  will 
show  that  there  is  no  discrepancy  between  2d 


146  THE    BABYLONIAN    ERA. 

Kings  xvii.  1,  which  refers  to  3274  A.  M. — the 
whole  of  which  was  Hoshea's  "first"  year,— r 
and  2d  Kings  xv  iii.  10,  which  refers  to  3284  A.  M. 
—the  whole  of  which  was  only  Hoshea'  s  ' '  ninth' ' 
year,  although  this  apparently  makes  his  reign 
eleven  years  instead  of  ' '  nine ' '  in  all.  Because, 
there  was  an  interregnuTn  in  his  reign  of  exactly 
two  years  during  which  he  was  temporarily  im- 
prisoned by  Shalmaneser  {vide  xvii.  4).  After  his 
release,  he  reigned  two  years — revolted  in  the 
third,  and  the  siege  of  his  capital  began  with  his 
seventh  of  actual  reign.  A  school-boy  finding 
the  Biblical  data  relating  to  this  reign  given  as 
the  parts  of  a  fair  chronological  problem  in  his 
arithmetic  would  have  solved  it  without  diffi- 
culty, and  by  referring  to  chapter  xviii.  1,  would 
have  obtained  the  key  to  the  whole  situation. 
Half  of  the  ' '  third ' '  year  here  referred  to  was  the 
first  half  of  3276  A.  M.  (The  interregnum  com- 
menced with  the  first  day  (Monday)  of  the  first 
sacred  month  of  that  year,  and  extended  through 
the  last  day  (Monday)  of  the  sixth  sacred  month 
of  the  year  3278  A.  M.)  The  remaining  half  of 
Hoshea's  "third"  year,  therefore,  commences 
at  this  point,  Tuesday,  1st  day  7th  civil  month, 
and  ends  with  that  civil  year.  But,  and  note 
this  well,  the  year  (3278  A.  M. )  was  an  intercalary 
one,  the  12th  of  the  Hebrew  cycle.  Thus  its 
last,  or  13tli  month  is  ^^  silent,'^  and  here  again 
bursts  forth  the  consummate  accuracy  of  the 
Biblical  Chronology,  and  its  all  sufficiency  when 


PRELIMINARY    OUTLINE.  147 

faithfully  liandled.  With  the  end  of  the  12th 
month  Ahaz  died — ''that  King  Ahaz,"  (2  Cliron. 
xxviii.  22)  whose  sacrifices  to  other  gods  than 
Jehovah  "were  the  ruin  of  him  and  of  all  Israel " 
(23). — Hence  his  successor,  Hezekiah,  came  to  the 
throne  of  Judah  on  this  same  year  3278  A.  M.,  in 
its  13th  month,  which  was  thus  the  last  month 
of  Hoshea's  ''third''  year,  and  so  the  entire 
record,  which  has  been  such  a  knot  to  chronolo- 
gists,  completely  tallies !  IS'ow  this  intercalary 
month  of  3278  A.  M.  was  the  one  in  which  Heze- 
kiah "re-opened  the  doors  of  the  House  of  the 
Lord  and  repaired  them  "  (2  Chr.  xxix.  3.)  And 
here  is  then  a  fitting  x^lace,  and  text,  whereat  to 
call  upon  Israel  Redlmvus — at  the  beginning  of 
this  final  intercalary  period  of  one  and  one-half 
years,  which  (from  the  date  of  this  volume  to 
March,  1892,  A.  D.)  intervenes  before  the  closing 
week  of  the  Babylonian  era, — and  to  call  as  im- 
pressively as  mortal  man  may  be  permitted,  to 
re- open  the  doors  of  the  House  of  the  Lord  and 
to  repair  them  against  his  issue  from  within  the 
veil.  "Ecce  venit,"  (1  Cor.  xvi.  22)  "  Maran- 
atha ' ' — The  Lord  is  Coming  ! 

And  finally,  and  in  the  meantime,  here  also  is 
the  place  and  occasion  to  challenge  the  world  to 
point  out  one  single  case  in  the  entire  Chronology 
of  His  Word  which  its  own  unaided  record  and 
cross  references  are  not  sufiicient  to  make  plain 
to  one  that  runs ! 


148  THE  BABYLONIAN   EEA. 

In  the  ' '  intercalary  months ' '  the  Hebrews 
avoided  doing  any  sacred  work,  so  far  as  possible. 
But  this  first  act  of  Hezekiah  was  imperative,  and 
yet  it  stopped  at  the  opening  and  repairing  of 
the  doors  themselves,  and  with  the  preparing  of 
the  Priests  and  Levites  for  the  far  more  important 
task  of  cleansing  the  temple  itself,  (2  Chron.  xxix. 
4-11).  This  grander  undertaking  was  begun  upon 
the  calendric  "New  Year's  Day,"  on  Wednesday 
the  1st  day  of  the  1st  civil  month  of  3279  A.  M. 
The  porch  was  reached  on  Wednesday  the  8th, 
and  thus  the  House  was  sanctified  in  eight  daj^s, 
"  and  on  the  16th  day  of  the  first  month"  which 
was  Thursday,  "they  made  an  end"  (2  Chron. 
xxix.  17).  And  early  upon  the  next  day,  Fri- 
day, the  King  arose  (20)  and  all  the  rulers 
gathered  to  do  sacrifice  (21-28).  Thus  "when 
they  had  made  an  end  of  offering ' '  it  was  the 
Sabhath  eve!  and  "the  King  and  all  that  were 
present  with  him,  bowed  themselves  and  Avor- 
shipped"  (29).  "So  the  service  of  the  house 
of  the  Lord  was  set  in  order,  and  Hezekiah  re- 
joiced, and  all  the  people,  that  God  had  prepared 
the  people,  for  the  thing  was  done  suddenly  !  " 
(36). 

The  Chronology  of  the  Bible  is  simply  marvel- 
ous, and  the  significance  of  this  type  should 
sink  deeply  into  the  hearts  of  those  whom  God 
is  even  now  prei)aring  for  the  antitypical  task 
of  cleansing  his  earthly  temple  for  the  final 
time. 


1>RELIMINARY   OUTLINE.  149 

But  to  return  to  our  chronological  outline;  for 
quite  different  things  were  taking  place  at  Sama- 
ria while  the  scenes  w^e  have  now  briefly  sketched 
were  being  enacted  at  Jerusalem: — 

8284  A.  M.     712  B.  C. 

Samaria,  the  Capital,  falls  with  end  of  year, 
i.  e.,  in  its  ''Intercalary  days."  This  is  the  usual 
date  d  quo  for  Israel' s  Captivity.  It  is  not,  how- 
ever the  one  in  which  it  was  "Consummated" 
{mde  3317  A.  M.);  nor  yet  its  most  important 
point  d)  appid  {vide  3306  A.  M. 

3285  A.  M.     711  B.  C. 

The  final  Israelitish  Captives  leave  Samaria  as 
the  year  begins.  They  are  first  placed  in  Assy- 
ria. 2  Kgs.  xvii.  5-23  ;  (latter  part  of  6  refers 
to  later  events),  also  2  Kgs.  xviii.  9-12,  except 
last  part  of  verse  11. 

Unless  this  work  is  astronomical  it  is  not  worth 
a  straw  chronologically.  Two  total  lunar  eclip- 
ses, agreeing  with  our  modern  ones  (Nos.  48  and 
50),  must  have  occurred  at  Babylon  upon  the 
Sacred  year  which  spans  3284-5  A.  M.  Now 
these  two  eclipses  are  actually  recorded  by  Ptol- 
emy as  having  so  occurred,  thus  w^e  have  addi- 
tional evidence  that  our  "line  of  time"  is  con- 
tinuous down  to  the  last  eclipse  of  history  (June 
17th,  1890). 


150  THE  BABYLONIAN   ERA. 

3292  A.  M.     704  B.  C. 

Hezekiah's  14tli  year.  Sennacherib  ascends 
and  reigns  24  years.  He  comes  up  against  Jeru- 
salem at  once  (2  Kings,  xviii.  13-37,  xix.  1-35). 
His  army  is  destroyed  in  the  closing  days  of  this 
year;  Hezekiah's  sickness  culminates,  and  Sen- 
nacherib returns  to  Nineveh  (36).  Vide,  also, 
Isa.  xxxvi.  xxxvii. 

3293  A.  M.     703  B.  C. 

In  the  beginning  of  this,  Hezekiah'  s  15tli  year, 
the  shadow  on  the  "  Dial  of  Ahaz''  turns  back 
10°  (40  mts.),  at  "high  noon''  of  Wednesday, 
the  18th  day  of  1st  civil  month,  the  sun  being  at 
that  instant  about  to  go  into  autumnal  equinox. 
The  solar  year  was  therefore  delayed,  the  day 
lengthened  40  minutes,  and  the  calendar  thus 
made  absolutely  correct  {vide  Joshua  s  Long  Day, 
2555  A.  M.)  Hezekiah's  life  was  lengthened  by  1 
Calendric  Cycle  of  15  solar  years,  /.  e.,  to  end  of 
3307  A.  M. 

3306  A.  M.     690  B.  C. 

Sennacherib  (and  Esar-Haddon,  his  son,  who 
was  now  jointly  associated  with  him)  having  com- 
pleted the  conquest  of  Media,  transfer  "Israel" 
into  its  cities.  Before  the  reign  of  Sennacherib 
Media  was  unJcnown  ("B.  M.  Inscriptions,"  Vol. 
i.  p.  63).  This  is  the  true  date  d  quo  of  Israel's 
Captivity,    1st  sacred  month  (7th  civil),  just  100 


PRELIMINARY   OUTLINE.  151 

years  before  that  of  Jiidah.  Its  significance  has 
been  so  completely  hidden  that  the  date  has  es- 
caped all  former  chronologists.  From  it  720 
years  forward  (/.  <?.,  "double"  360,  Jer.  xvi.  18) 
lands  us  at  4026  A.  M.,  when  the  Saviour  was 
baptized,  and  was  thus  made  the  first  ' '  fisher ' ' 
sent  after  "Israel."  This  year  is  also  just  360 
years  after  2946  A.  M.,  when  Saul's  sin  culmin- 
ated; and  Israel's  jieriod  of  backsliding  began. 
Students  of  Prophecy  will  at  once  perceive  the 
significance  of  this  date,  March,  3306  A.  M. 
Thence  forward  Israel's  "7  times"  of  punish- 
ment expired  in  5826>^  A.  M.  (our  1828X  A.  D.), 
or  1260  lunar  years  (=  1222 >^  solar)  beyond  the 
celebrated  "  Decree  of  Phocas,"  in  favor  of 
Boniface  III,  the  which  date  (607  A.  D.  com- 
mon reckoning)  is  a  very  focus  of  prophetic 
origines. 

Its  discussion,  here,  is  too  intricate  for  such  as 
are  not  supplied  with  prophetic  "oil"  (Matt. 
XXV.  1-13).  Those  who  are  may  draw  their  own 
conclusions  ! 

3316  A.  M.     680  B.  C 

Sennacherib  slain  (3  Kgs.  xx.  37),  at  end  of 
year  :  Media  revolts,  her  ' '  era ' '  begins,  and  Is- 
rael herself  takes  this  occasion  to  escape  through 
the  "Gates  of  the  Caucasus."  Thus  from  3285 
to  3317  was  less  than  half  of  "70  years,"  and 
from  her  actual  location  in  Media  to  her  escape 
was  but  one-seventh  of  Judah's  term  ;  it  was  in- 


152  THE  BABYLONIAN   ERA. 

deed  "a  little  while,"  for  already  had  she  begun 
her  repentance  (Jer.  iii.  11 ;  the  whole  of  Hosea). 

8317  A.  M.     679  B.  C. 

Esar-IIaddon  ascended  as  sole  monarch  of  As- 
syria at  the  beginning  of  the  year,  conquered 
Babylon  (thus  ending  its  "second"  empire),  and 
reigned  13  years.  His  second  important  work 
was  the  replacement  of  Israel  by  Cutha}ans,  or 
"Samaritans,"  which  was  completed  in  his  12th 
year,  3328  A.  M.  Thus  was  Isaiah' s  prophecy  of 
3263  A.  M.  (q.  v.)  fulfilled,  and  as  the  65th  year  ran 
out  Israel's  captivity  was  "accomplished" — 
' '  No  more  even  a  people ; ' '  she  also  had  no 
empty  land  awaiting  her  at  home  ( 2  Kgs.  xvii. 
24-41,  xviii.  last  part  of  11). 

3328  A.  M.     ms  B.  C. 

One  of  the  most  remarkable  of  tlie  ' '  connecting- 
years  "  upon  the  Prophetic  Scale.  For  instance, 
from  its  February  there  extend  2520  lunar 
years  (2445  solar)  to  the  accession,  Feb.  15,  1775, 
of  Pius  yi,  the  Pope  whose  temporal  govern- 
ment was  overthrown  by  the  French  Revolution  ; 
this  occasion,  itself  being  1260  ' '  calendar ' '  years 
from  Justinian's  Decree  (Mar.  533  A.  D.)  making 
the  Bishop  of  Rome,  John  II,  "Head  of  all  the 
Holy  Churches  and  of  all  the  Holy  Priests  of 
God.'^ 

From  this  sam.e  February  of  3328  A.  M.  there 
extend   2520    solar  years   to  the  formal  deposi- 


PRELIMINAEY   OUTLINE.  153 

tion  of  Pope  Pio  IX,  Feb.  8tli,  1849,  the  which 
date  was  itself  1260  "calendar"  years  from  the 
Decree  of  Phocas  conceding  to  Boniface  III  ' '  the 
Headship  over  all  the  Churches  of  Christendom," 
and  which  latter  was  memorialized  by  the  Pillar 
of  Phocas  at  Pome  bearing  inscriptions  and  date. 

8329  A.  M.     667  B.  C. 

The  66th  year  from  Isaiah's  prophecy.  Esar- 
Haddon  dies  at  its  termination. 

3330  A.  M.     666  B.  C. 

The  666th  before  Christ.  Assnr  Banipal  as- 
cended throne  of  Assyria,  reigned  41  years. 

3371  A.  M.     625  B.  C. 

Bel-zakir-iskum,  or  Assur-ebil-ile,  ascends  and 
reigns  six  years.  With  him  in  3377  A.  M.  the 
'^Second  Assyrian  Empire"  ended.  "He  per- 
ished in  the  flames  of  his  palace,  which  he  fired, 
when  the  Babylonians  and  their  allies  entered 
Nineveh."  Vide  {"  All  Past  Time.)  Speaking 
of  this  final  overthrow  of  Assyria,  Labberton 
says  :  "It  was  one  of  the  most  terrible  catastro- 
phes that  ever  happened.  Not  only  an  empire 
was  destroyed  that  a  few  years  before  had  ruled 
the  whole  of  Western  Asia,  but  a  whole  nation, 
which  for  centuries  had  been  the  curse  of  all 
other  nations  was  utterly  effaced.  The  four  capi- 
tals, Assur,  Ninua,  Kalach,  and  Dur  Sarrukin, 
were  so  thoroughly  blotted  out  that  they  never 


154  THE    BABYLONIAN    ERA. 

were  inliabited  again.  They  disappeared  from 
the  face  of  the  earth  as  the  nation  that  had  built 
them."  (Hist.  Atlas,  p.  12.)  But  upon  the 
other  hand,  it  will  in  due  time  be  the  task  of  the 
' '  new  Chronology ' '  to  show  that  the  ' '  remnant 
of  Assyria"  followed  "Israel"  West^  and  that 
in  the  Germans  they  are  yet  to  complete  their 
history  (Isa.  xix.  23-25)  vide  "  Our  Race,"  study 
No.  1,  The  Romance  of  History^  p.  167). 

Having  now  arrived  legitimately  at  the  general 
date  a  quo  of  the  "  C^a7(^ee  Babylonian  Empire, ' " 
it  remains  for  us  to  fix  it  still  more  positively  by 
means  of  the  most  minute  system  of  cross  refer- 
ences. We  shall  therefore  follow  the  next  80 
years,  one  at  a  time,  and  show  how  rigidly  their 
historical  events  are  tied  together,  and  to  it. 


THE  ORIGIN  OF  THE  BABYLONIAN  ERA, 

FROM    WHICH    WE    MUST    DATE 

"THE  TIMES  OF  THE  GENTILES." 


EVKNTS  AND  ReFEBBNCKS. 


Josiah  crowned  : — 1  Josiah  was  ei^ht  years "] 
old  when  he  began  to  reign,  and  he  reigned  I 
in  Jerusalem  one  and  thirty  years. — 2  Chron.  j 
xxxiv.  1.  j 


3  For  in  the  eighth  year  of  his  reign,  while  "j 
he  was  yet  young,  he  began  to  seek  after  the  \  j 
God  of  David  his  father. — 2  Chron.  xxxiv.  3.  j 

And  in  the  twelfth  year  he  [Josiah]  began 
to  purge  Judah  and  Jerusalem  from  the  high 
places,  and  the  groves,  and  the  carved  im- 
ages, and  the  molten  images. —  2  Chron. 
xxxiv.  3.     Date  of  Zephaniah  and  Habakkuk.  j 


Jeremiah  commissioned;  Nabopolas-I 
sar  father  of  Nebuchadnezzar  revolts  |  ' 
from  Assyria,  and  ascends  the  throne  I 
of  Babylon.  1st  day  of  Sacred  year,  J- 
i.  e.,  7th  Civil  month  of  3377  A.  M.,  I 
this  is  the  origin  of  the  Babylonian 
Eka. — Jer.  i.  1.  j 


N.  B. — [To  fix  this  Era,  i.  e.,  its  chronological  origin  as  ex 
plicitly  as  possible,  let  us  note  as  follows  : — It  is  the  middle  of 
3377  A.  M.  (^■.  e.',  the  beginning  of  its  7th  Civil  or  1st  Sacred 
month).  It  commences  with  the  1296th  year  from  Abraham's 
Call  out  of  Ur,  and  with  the  865th  year  out  of  Egypt,  i.  e.,  from 
the   Exodus.     "Israel"   had   been  in  captivity  71  years  when 


Jos. 

A.  M. 

B.C. 

1 

3365 

631 

2 

3366 

630 

3 

3367 

629 

4 

3368 

628 

5 

3369 

627 

6 

3370 

626 

7 

3371 

625 

8 

3372 

624 

9 

3373 

623 

10 

3374 

622 

11 

3375 

621 

12 

3376 

620 

13 


3377 


619 


156 


THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 


Nabopolassar  ascended  the  throne,  and  there  extend  from  that 
event  29  full  years  to  the  date  of  "Judah's"  captivity;  i.  e., 
between  "Israel's"  and  "Judah's"  dates  of  captivity  are  just 
100  years,  no  more,  no  less  upon  the  Solar  scale.  Finally,  thjs 
event,  Nabopolassar's  accession,  was  at  the  middle  of  the  848th 
Lunar  year  from  Joshua's  Long  Day,  or  822 j^  Solar  years  from 
this  same  date,  and  it  was  at  the  March  Equinox  of  3377  A.  M. 
and  3377 J^  years  of  Solar  astronomic  duration  from  the  "1st 
day  "  recorded  in  Genesis.  It  was  also  the  middle  of  Josiah's 
13th  year.  Jeremiah  was  "called  "  at  the  beginning  of  this  13th 
year,  and  so  was  prepared  to  see  the  full  initiation  of  the 
"  Times  of  the  Gentiles."] 


A.  M.  is  the  483rd  Sabbatic 


Year.) 


Nab. 

Jos. 

A.  M. 

B.C. 

1-2 

14 

3378 

618 

2-3 

15 

3379 

617 

3-4 

16 

33S0 

616 

4-5 

17 

3381 

615 

Important.  —  In    the    year    3381 1 
A.  M.,  a  very  nest  of  prophetic  times 
concentrate.     It   is  particularly  im- 1 
portant  as  marking  a  dense  period  of  { 
sin,  both  in  Israel  and  Judah,  and  the 
one  preceding  the  finding  of  the  Law.  J 

Ezekiel  refers  to  this  particular  j^ear  in  the  first  verse  of  his 
prophecies  in  a  manner  so  occult  that  it  has  never  before  been 
explicable,  because  no  other  than  the  present  and  only  accurate 
system  of  chronology  can  possibly  compass  its  ramifying  ref- 
erences. Thus,  Ezekiel's  book  opens  in  the  4th  Sacred  month, 
the  5th  day  of  the  month,  which  was  a  Sabbath,  of  the  year  3410 
A.  M.,  which  was  the  5th  year  of  Jehoiachin's  captivity  (2). 
Nevertheless,  in  verse  1  he  calls  it  the  30th  year,  and  thus 
refers  back  to  the  year  now  under  consideration,  to  wit :  3381  inclu- 
sive, i.  e.,  dating  from  the  end  of  3380  A.  M.  Now,  the  first  30 
years  of  the  40  referred  to  in  Ezek.  iv.  6  commence  here  and 
run  out  in  3420,  when  Nebuchadnezzar  took  away  his  last  batch 
of  Jewish  prisoners  (Jer.  lii.  30).  But  in  the  same  chapter,  iv., 
Ezekiel  refers  to  390  days  (3-5)  for  "Israel,"  which  typified 
years  (6).  From  the  year  iu  which  Ezekiel  obeyed  this  com- 
mand, namely,  3410  A.  M,,  there  extend  backward  390  years  to 
Solomon's  sin  (1  Kings  xi.  1-25)  which  led  to  Jeroboam's  revolt 


TIMES    OF   THE   GENTILES. 


157 


(26-40),  and  which  was  the  original  occasion  of  "Israel's" 
special  sin,  as  detailed  in  1  Kings  xii.  Solomon's  defection  and 
Jeroboam's  sin  and  flight  took  place  in  3020  A.  M.,  and  from 
thence,  fo  the  year  under  consideration  3381  A.  M.,  there  extend 
just  360  years,  or  "  One  Time,"  which,  with  the  30  to  Ezekiel's 
mimic  siege  make  up  the  390  referred  to.  This  type  and  its  own 
actual  scale  on  the  calendar  of  3410-11  A.  M.,  and  the  date  as  an 
a  quo  and  ad  quern  refers  to  so  many  others,  and  verifies  them, 
that  it  is  impossible  to  devote  more  space  to  the  matter  here. 


8  Now  in  the  eighteenth  year  ofl 
his  [Josiah'sJ  reign,  when  he  had 
purged  the  laud,  &c.,  was — The  law 
^  found  (2  Kings  xxii.,  2  Chron.  xxxiv. 
14-33);  The  oath  at  "Bethel"  taken 
(2  Chron.  xxxiv.  29-32,  2  Kings  xxiii. 
1-3,  xi.  14);  and  The  Great  Passover 
held  (2  Kings  xxiii.  1-23,  2  Chron. 
XXXV.  1-19);  "  In  the  eighteenth  year 
of  the  reign  of  Josiah  was  this  pass- 
over  kept."  J 

69th  and  last  year  of  Psammetichus  | 
I  of  Egypt.  i 

Pharaoh  Necho  ascends;  reigns  16 
years. 


Josiah  slain  by  Pharaoh  Necho  mid-  "^ 
die  of  Civil  and  end  of  Sacred  year. —  I 
2  Chron.  xxv.  20-27,  2  Kings  xxiii.  \ 
29-30.  i 


Nab. 

Jos. 

A.  M,  '  B.  C. 

1 

! 

18 

3382 

614 

6-7 

19 

3383 

613 

7-8 

20 

3384 

612 

8-9 

21 

3385 

611 

9-10 

22 

3386 

610 

10-11 

23 

3387 

609 

11-12 

24 

3388 

608 

12-13 

25 

3389 

607 

13-14 

26 

3390 

606 

14-15 

27 

3391 

605 

15-16 

28 

3392 

604 

16-17 

29 

3393 

603 

17-18 

30 

3394 

602 

18-^ 

31 

3395 

601 

158 


THE   VOICE    OF   UISTOKY. 


EVHNTS  AND  RkFEKBIi'CKS. 


Jehoaliaz   succeeds   at    commence--1 
ment  of  Sacred  year  and  reigns  but 
three  months. — 2  Chron.  xxxvi.  1-3, 
2  Kings  xxiii.  31-34. 

1  Then  the  people  of  tlie  land  took 
Jehoahaz  the  son  of  Josiali,  and  made 
him  king  in  his  father's  stead  in  Je- 
rusalem. 

2  Jehoahaz  uas  twenty  and  three 
years  old^  when  he  began  to  reign, 
and  he  reigned  three  months  in  Je- 
rusalem. 

3  And  the  king  of  Egypt  put  him 
down  at  Jerusalem,  and  condemned 
the  land  in  an  hundred  talents  of  sil- 
ver and  a  talent  of  gold. 

4  And  the  king  of  Egypt  made 
Eliakim  his  brother  king  over  Judah 
and  Jerusalem,  and  turned  his  name 
to  Jehoiakim.  And  Necho  took  Je- 
hoahaz his  brother,  and  can  ied  him 
to  Egypt. 

Jehoiakim  commences  to  reign  the 
1st  of  the  10th  Civil,  or  4th  Sacred 
month. — 2 Chron.  xxxvi.  4,  5;  2  Kings 
xxiii.  34-37. 

1  In  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of 
Jehoiakim  the  son  of  Josiah  king  of 
Judah  came  this  word  unto  Jeremiah 
from  the  Lord,  saying, 

2  Thus  saith  the  Lord  to  me,  Make 
thee  bonds  and  yokes,  and  put  them 
upon  thy  neck. — Jer.  xxvii. 

Jeremiah  puts  on  his  yokes  this 
year,  3395,  which  was  the  IXth  year 
of  the  Hebrew  Calendar,  and  wears ^ 


Jeho- 
ahaz. 


A.  M.      B.  C. 


-19 


I3395 


601 


-19 


-1 


IX. 

3395 


601 


TIMES   OF   THE   GENTILES. 


159 


EVKNTS  AND  RBFERKNCKS. 


them  to  the  IXth  of  the  next ;  i.  e.,  14i 
full  years,  and  just  into  the  15th  ! 
year.  Jehoiakim  pays  tribute  to  | 
Necho  for  three  years  commencing  J 
with—  1 


Nabopolassar  dies  in  the  middle  of 
this  year,  and  is  succeeded  by  his  . 
son  Nebuchadnezzar,  whose  first  3 
three  months  of  reign  overlap  the  i" 
last  three  of  Jehoiakim's  3d  year,  I 
hence  Daniel  i.  1  is  correct,  as  shown 
here.— Jer.  xxxvi.  1-8  (3398-9). 

For  a  similar  reason  the  following^ 
is  correct  : 

1  The  word  that  came  to  Jeremiah 
concerning  all  the  people  of  Judah  in 
the  fourth  year  of  Jehoiakim  the  son 
of  Josiah  king  of  Judah,  that  icas  the 
first  year  of  Nebuchadrezzar,  king  of 
Babylon; 

2  The  which  Jeremiah  the  prophet 
spake  unto  all  the  people  of  Judah, 
and  to  all  the  inhabitants  of  Jerusa-  , 
lem,  saying, 

3  From  the  thirteenth  year  of 
Josiah  the  son  of  Amon  king  of 
Judah,  even  unto  this  day,  that  is 
the  three  and  twentieth  year,  the 
word  of  the  Lord  hath  come  unto 
me,  and  I  have  spoken  unto  you,  ris- 
ing early  and  speaking,  but  ye  have 
not  hearkened. — Jer.  xxv.  1-3. 

(And  so  also  is  Jer.  xxv.  3,  since 
the  23  years  begin  at  the  beginning 


Nab. 


-19 


Jeho.  i  A.  M.     B.  C. 


I- 
-l|3395 

continued. 


601 


I  X. -  xi. 

19-20!  1-2  3396   600 


20-21;  2-33397 


21- 

Neb.    1 
-1 


8-   3398 

Xll. 

3-   3398 


599 

598 
598 


1-2 


'  Xlll.-  XIV. 

4^53399   597 


160 


THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 


Events  and  Refbkkncks. 


of  3377  A.  M.  and  run  to  the  end  of"^, 
3399  A.  M.,  *.  e.,  inclusive.) 

Jer.  xlv. — Barucli  comforted.  Pha- 
raoh n  echo,  smitten  by  Nebuchadnez- 
zar, is  succeeded  by  Psammetichus. 
"Pharaoh-necho  king  of  Egypt,  which 
was  by  the  river  Euphrates  in  Car- 
chemish,  which  Nebuchadrezzar  king 
of  Babylon  smote  in  the  fourth  year 
of  Jehoiakim  the  son  of  Josiah  king 
of  Judah. — Jer.  xlvi. 


Jer.    xxxvi.    9-32 — Jehudi    burns 
the  Roll  (Dec).      Nebuchadnezzar's  H   2-3 
vision. — Dan.  ii.  j 


Third  and  final  year  of  Jehoiakim's 
tribute  to  Nebuchadnezzar.  Last  year 
(xv.)  of  the  Calendric  Cycle.  Histo- 
rical eclipse,  Central  Solar,  No.  1  of 
the  Team  [date  on  Usher  system 
B.  C.  603  {i.  e.,  before  4004  A.  M.)] 
True  date,  3401  A.  M. ;  last  repeated, 
Jan.  22,  1879.  N.  B.— This  same 
sequence  of  eclipses  passes  through 
that-  of  June  17th,  1890,  and 
March  29,  1112.  It  also  verifies  the 
Beth  Horon  conjunction,  and  the 
equinox  at  High  Noon  marked  by  a 
reversed  shadow  upon  the  Dial  of 
Ahaz  alluded  to  in  the  text. 


Jehoakim  rebels. — 2  Kings  xxiv.  1. 
Hebrew  Calendric  Cycle  commences. 


Jeho. 


1-2   4-5   3399j  597 

continued. 


6-Q 


XlV.-jXV. 

3400   596 


3-4    6-7 


4-5   7-8 


XV. 

3401 


595 


3402  "594 


TIMES   OF   THE  GENTILES. 


161 


EVBNTS  AND   RKFKRBNCKS. 


Pharaoli  Hophra  ascends,  reigns  25  \^ 


Neb. 


years. 


Johoiakim  captured  by  the  Baby- 
lonians (2  Chron.  xxxvi.  6),  and  dies 
a  prisoner  (2d  Kings  xxiv.  6),  hav- 
ing reigned  to  the  4th  quarter  of 
the  Sacred  year.  Transit  of  Mercury 
and  recommencement  of  his  38th 
team  of  15  transits  each.  The  transit 
of  3406  was  the  570th  transit.  It  was 
405  transits  ago,  reckoning  from  its 
future  repetition  in  1891  A.  D. 


His  son  Jehoiachim  succeeds  andl 
reigns  three  months  (the  last  quarter 
of  the  Sacred  year)  and  ten  days  into 
the  1st  Sacred  month  of  the  next 
Sacred  year  (2  Chron.  xxxvi.  9-10). 
Hence  "at  the  return  of  the  year" 
Nebuchadnezzar  sent  for  him  (2 
Chron.  xxxvi.  10).  The  city  was 
smitten  on  Thursday,  the  9th  day  of 
the  1st  Sacred  month.  Jehoiachin 
went  out  to  the  Babylonians  on  Fri- 
day, the  10th  (2  Kings  xxiv.  12),  and 
the  Captivity  of  Judah  began.  It 
being  still  the  8th  year  of  Nebuchad- 
nezzar just  ending  (12).  j 


Jeho. 


ii.- 

5-6   8-9    3403 


B.  C. 


6-71  9-103404 


693 
592 


7-8 10-11  3406  "^691 


8-   11- 


3406 


Jehoia- 
chin. 


3406 


690 


690 


162 


THE   VOICE    OF   HISTORY 


EyKNTS    A.NIJ    REFEKE^•CES. 


Cap. 


-9 


A.  M.  I  B.  C. 


3406 


590 


Nebuchadnezzar  now  places^ 
Zedekiah  upon  the  throne  (2 
Chron.  xxxvi.  11,  2  Kings  xxiv. 
17-20,  Jer.  lii.  1-4.)  Zedekiah's 
years  thus  run  with  the  Sacred 
calendar,  and  lag  a  little,  i.  e., 
they  commence  not  earlier  than 
Sabbath,  the  11th  day  of  1st 
Sacred  month  of  3406,  i.  e., 
with  the  Captivity,  nor  later 
than  the  Passover  of  that 
year,  a  very  probable  date  in 
view  of  the  solemn  oath  he 
is  known  to  have  taken  to  Neb- 
uchadnezzar before  the  Lord 
upon  his  accession . 

And  it  came  to  pass  the  same  ■^ 
year,  in  the  beginning  of  the 
reign  of  Zedekiah  king  of  Ju- 
dah,  in  the  fourth  year,  and  in 
the  fifth  month,  that  Hananiah 
the  son  of  Azur  the  prophet, 
which  was  of  Gibeon,  spake 
unto  me  in  the  house  of  the 
Lord,  in  the  presence  of  the 
priests  and  of  all  the  people, 
saying. — Jer.  xxviii.  1-14.  The 
expression  "the  same  year" 
means  of  the  C^cle  ;  compare  reference  above,  opposite  3395 
A.  M.  The  IXtli  year  was  just  again  beginning,  and  it  overlaps 
22  days  into  3409  A.  M.,  because  the  intercalation  was  not  due 
until  the  end  of  the  next  year,  when  the  Lunar  year  was 
"  floated  "  thereby  on  to  Solar  time.  This  was  what  the  false  pro- 
phet Hananiah  meant  by  saying  "  within  two  full  years  "  (3). 
He  really  meant  to  those  who  understood  their  own  calendar, 
"within   the   time   that   two    full  years  'float'    together,"   or 


1-2    9-10 

1 
2-310-11 

I 

I 
3-411-12 


1-2  3407   589 

I    vii.-viii. 

2-33408   588 

viii.-  ix. 

3-43409   587 


TIMES    OF   THE   GENTILES.  163 

"  before  the  intercalary  days,"  &c.  Scripture  iu  filled  with  this 
and  similar  expressions,  and  they  always  refer  to  the  intercalary 
year.  In  the  present  instance  this  was  13  months  forward. 
Now,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  months  of  Zedekiah's  reign 
begin  with  the  11th  day  of  the  corresponding  Sacred  month  it 
follows  that  the  5th  month  referred  to  in  verse  1  (Jer.  xxviii) 
extended  into  the  Vlth  Sacred  month  11  days,  while,  as  we  have 
just  seen  the  IXth  year  of  the  calendar  overlapped  22  days  into 
this  same  month  from  the  other  direction.  There  were  just  30 
days  in  the  Vlth  Sacred  month,  hence  the  three  last  days  of  the 
fifth  month  referred  to  in  the  text  were  in  reality  the  9th,  10th 
and  11th  days  of  the  regular  Vlth  Sacred  month,  and  were  also 
the  1st  three  days  of  the  IXth  year  of  the  Sacred  calendar  backed 
up  (as  it  were)  to  meet  them.  They  were  Tuesday,  Wednesday 
and  Thursday,  upon  either  one  of  which  the  events  detailed  in 
verse  1  may  have  occurred  ;  but,  so  close  is  the  limit,  upon  no 
others.  The  day  was  probably  the  central  one  or  Wednesday, 
the  10th  of  the  Vlth  Sacred,  which  was  the  28th  da,j  of  JeJmakim's 
"Vth"  month.  This  is,  perhaps,  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
instances  that  can  be  cited  in  the  general  chronology  of  the 
Bible,  as  an  example  of  consummate  accuracy,  combined  with  a 
suggestiveness  which  is  its  own  commentary  upon  the  context. 
Had  it  not  been  carefully  recorded  that  Jehoiakim  reigned  three 
months  and  10  days,  and  had  we  not  rigidly  considered  these 
days  in  the  chronology,  our  work  would  here  find  itself  in  a 
hopeless  cm  de  sac  in  the  vain  effort  to  make  a  IXth  year  of  the 
cycle  synchronize  at  all  with  a  5th  month  of  Zedekiah's  4th 
year.  If  now  we  suppose  that  Zedekiah's  ascension,  or  at  least 
his  oath  to  Nebuchadnezzar,  dates  from  the  Passover  of  3406, 
we  may  run  the  splice  down  4  days  more,  or  make  it  cover  a 
whole  week.  The  13th  day  of  the  month  thus  covered  was  the 
Sabbath  preceding  the  Passover  of  3409  A.  M. ,  upon  which  these 
incidents  could  even  more  fittingly  have  taken  place.  It  is  now 
possible  to  obtain  a  clear  idea  of  the  return  judgment  passed 
by  the  prophet  Jeremiah  upon  Hananiah,  when  he  had  broken 
the  yoke  that  the  former  had  been  wearing  so  long. 

15  Then  said  the  prophet  Jeremiah  unto  Hananiah  the  pro- 
phet, Hear  now,  Hananiah  ;  The  Lord  hath  not  sent  thee  ;  but 
thou  makest  this  peopl<i  to  trust  in  a  lie. 


164 


THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 


16  Therefore  thus  saith  the  Lord  ;  Behold,  I  will  cast  thee 
from  ofE  the  face  of  the  earth  :  this  year  thou  shalt  die,  because 
thou  hast  taught  rebellion  against  the  Lord. 

17  So  Hananiah  the  prophet  died  the  same  year  in  the  seventh 
month, — Jer.  xxviii.  10-17. 

The  seventh  month  of  the  IXth  year  of  the  cycle  was  the 
Xllth  month  of  Zedekiah's  4th  year.  Hence,  in  either  case,  it 
was  "  this  same  year." 


Ezek.  i.  1-2.  4th  Sacred 
month,  5th  day,  Sabbath. 
(See  chapter  iv.  Ezekiel.)  The 
prophet  receives  his  com- 
mand on  Sabbath  the  5th, 
takes  a  week  for  his  prepara- 
tions, rests  Sabbath  the  12th 
and  commences  his  "seige" 
of  the  "  tile  "  on  Sunday  the 
13th  of  the  4th  month,  3410. 
Thence  430  days  expired  with 
Monday  the  23rd  of  the  5th 
Sacred  month,  3411  A.  M., 
leaving  him  7  days  (a  week) 
in  that  month  to  purify  him- 
self according  to  the  law. 
Five  days  after,  Sabbath  5th 
of  6th  month,  3411,  we,  there- 
fore, find  him  (Ezek,  viii, 
1)  in  his  own  house,  and 
the  recipient  of  his  second 
vision.  A  consultation  of  the 
calendars  given  in  the  appen- 
dix to  No.  3  will  verify  this 
and  all  other  knotty  points 
of  the  Scriptural  chronology,  j 


Cap. 


^:  4-5 


Zed. 


A. M.     B.  C 


12-13 


4-53410 


586 


TIMES    OF   THE   GENTILES. 


165 


Events  and  Rbfkbbncbs. 

(At  the  end  of  this  year 
the  intercalary  month  floated 
the  Lunar  and  Solar  years 
so  as  to  re-commence  to 
g-ether  in  3411.  This  is  very 
important  as  otherwise  the 
430  days  above  referred  to  I 
would  not  come  out.  Ezek. 
i.  1  does  not  refer  to  3411, 
but  to  3410  A.  M.,  as  does 
also  2 ;  Chaps,  i.-vii,  in- 
clusive are  parts  of  the 
same  vision.) 

"The  Sixth  year,  the  6th 
month,  the  5th  day  of  the 
month  "  (Ezek.  viii.  1),  also 
a  Sabbath,  and  near  the 
end  of  the  Civil  year  3411. 
Ezekiel's  dates  are  always 
Captivity  years  and  Sacred 
months  (so,  too,  the  years 
of  the  Exodus  regarded  as 
units  of  an  "  Era  "  date  from 
the  first  of  the  Sacred 
month,  although  the  Exo- 
dus itself  was  upon  the  15th 
day  of  that  month). 

Ezek. XX.  1,  "The Seventh"] 
year,  in  the  fifth  month,  the 
tenth   day  of  the  month,"  I 
Sabbath.     (It  must  be  noted 
that  the  Sacred  years  em-  )■ 
ployed  by  Ezekiel  began  10 
to     15    days    earlier    than 
Zedekiah's  years  o  I  personal 
reign.)  j 


Cap. 


4-5 


12-13'  4-5 

conti 


A.  M.  ,  B.  C. 


3410;  586 

nued. 


^-^   13-14   b~^   34lir585 


X1.-!X11. 

6-7   14-15   6-7   3412   584 


1()6 


THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 


Events  and  Refebknces. 


Cap. 


10- 


7-8 
8-9 

10th  Sacred  month,  10th 
day  (4th  Civil  month)— Ezek. 
xxiv.    1,    2,    Sunday,      Jer.  j^     9-10 
lii.  4,  Nebuchadnezzar  lays  j 
siege  to  Jerusalem.  J 

(Jer.  lii.  29)  Ezek.  xxix.  1, 
10th  mo. ,  12th  day,  Sabbath. 

Ezek.  xxvi.  1,  1st  month, 
1st  day,  Sabbath.  Ezek. 
XXX.  20,  1st  month,  7th  day, 
Friday.  Ezek.  xxxi.  1,  3rd 
month,  1st  day,  Tuesday. 
Jer.  lii.  5-11,  4th  month,  9th  [►  -H 
day  "city  broken  up,"  Fri- 
day. Jer.  lii.  12-24,  5th 
month,  10th  day,  Sunday. 
Temple  burned. 

Jer.  xliii,  beginning  of 
the  Civil  year  and  cycle. 

Ezek.  xxxiii.  21,  10th 
month,  5th  day,  Sabbath. 

Ezek.  xxxii.  1,  17,  12th 
month,  1st  day  and  15th  day, 
Fridays. 

Historical  eclipse,  central  ^ 
solar,  No,  1  of  team.     Suc- 
cessive to  one  noted  in  3401 
q.   V,     70  eclipses   then   as  ' 
now  between  the  two.     No  ;    ''">~a^ 
alteration  of  the  length  of 
day,    hour,    lunation,    pre- 
cession, seasons,   or  times.  J 


Neb. 


Zed.        A.  M.  1  B.  C. 


15-16 
16-17 


1  xn. 

7-8  i3413 


8-9    3414   582 


583 


17-18    9-10  3415 


18- 


11-12119- 
12-1320- 


-19 


■20 
21 


10-     3416 


-113416 


siege 

of 
Tyre. 


1  3417 

2  3418 


581 


580 


580 


579 
578 


21-22      3     3419   577 


TIMES   OF   THE   GENTILES. 


167 


Events  akd  Referekces. 


Cap. 


13-14 


Sequence  of  the  days  as^ 
rigid  as  the  word  of  God. 
No  lapse  in  the  week.  The 
chronology  of  the  Bible  is 
agreeable  to  chronological 
astronomy  to  the  very  last 
ultimate  of  time  !) 

Jer.  lii.  30,  End  of  Eze-^ 
kiel's  40  years  for  "  Judah."  j  j 
Vide  Ezek.  iv.,  also  see  re-  ;^jl4-15 
marks  opposite  A.  M.  3410  I  i 
and  3381.  J' 


15- 
16- 
17- 
18- 
19- 
20- 
21- 
22- 


21-22 


22-23 


16  23-24 
17|24-25 

18|25-26 
1926-27 
■2027-28| 
21 128-29 
22l29-30^ 
23  30-311 


Si'  ge  of     A 
Tyre.       ^• 


3 

conti 


B.  C. 


3419   577 


nued. 


3420 


5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 


Jer.  xliv.  In  this  year^ 
Tyre  fell,  and  Hophra's  I 
Lybian    expedition     failed.  I 

The  revulsion  of  feeling  in  \  23-24  31-32!    13       3429J   567 
Egypt  leads  to  revolt  under 
Ahmes.  J 

Nebuchadnezzar's  first  in-" 
vasion  of  Egypt,     Ahmes  in 
meanwhile    slays    Hophra. 
Nebuchadnezzar      confirms 

himasAmasis.  Intheconfu-  ^  24-25  32-33       -1    i3430|    566 
sion  Jeremiah  atd  the  Royal 
Remnant  disappear.     Ezek. 
xl.  1,  1st  month,  10th  day, 
Thursday.     (This  vision  of  j 


576 


3421  575 

3422  574 


3423 
3424 
3425 
3426 
3427 
3428 


573 
572 
571 
570 
569 
568 


1G8 


THE   VOICE   OF    HISTORY. 


Events  and  Rkfkbknces 


Cap. 


Ahmes.  j  A.  M.      B.  C. 


Ezekiel  covers  the  remain-"' 
der  of  his  Book  of  Prophecy 
and  is  the  last  date  given 
by  him.  It  extends  to  v.  35 
chapter  xlviii.)  The  "  self 
same  day"  of  Ezek.  xl.  1, 
refers  to  the  Thursday  the 
9th  day  of  1st  Sacred  month 
of  3406.  When  the  City 
was  "  smitten,"  Jehoiachin 
went  out  on  the  10th  day, 
Friday,  and  as  above  noted  i  \  95  go  oo 
Zedekiah  may  have  begun  ^  '^^~^'  ^^^'^ 
to  reign  anywhere  from  the 
nth  (Sabbath)  to  the  14- 
15th  (Passover)  of  that 
month.  From  the  accuracy 
with  which  these  cross  re- 
ferences all  come  out  upon 
the  true  chronological  scale 
it  must  be  manifest  how 
precise  the  Bible  is  in  all  its 
records.  The  year  3480  is  a 
most  important  one.  j 

Nebuchadnezzar    returns 
to  Babylon. 

Ezek.  xxix.  17, 1st  month,  ) 
1st  day  (Tuesday).  f 

Daniel  iii.  The  Image,"] 
and  the  Fiery  Furnace .  The 
significance  of  this  act  of 
Nebuchadnezzar  is  thus  ap- 
parent. Thirty-four  years 
had  now  elapsed  since  his 
"  vision  of  Empire, "  and  its 
significant  interpretation  by 


-1    3430 

conti  mied. 


mQ 


25-26  33-34 


1-2    34311  6Q^ 


26-2734-35   2-3   3432   564 


27-28 


35-36   3-4 


3433    563 


TIMES    OF   THE   GENTILES. 


169 


Events  and  Kkfebences. 

the  Prophet  Daniel  ii. ,  in^ 
3403  A.  M.  In  the  mean- 
time Palestine  had  been 
subjugated,  Tyre  reduced, 
and  Egypt  was  now  at  last 
beneath  his  heel  !  The 
glory  was  too  much  even 
for  that  "Head  of  Gold." 
So,  turned  with  pride,  he 
was  beside  himself  and 
reared  an  image  unto  van- 
ity. The  incident  of  the 
fiery  furnace,  however, 
brought  him  once  more  to 
short  lived  reason,  and  led 
to  his  re-acknowledgment 
of  God's  decree  (Dan.  ii.  28- 
30).  It  was  now  necessary 
to  repeat  the  lesson  in  the 
form  of  a  vision,  so  at  the 
beginning  of  the  next  sacred 
year  and  of  his  own  37th 
year — 

Nebuchadnezzar  dreams  1 
of  a  tree.  Dan.  iv.  4-27. 
His  2nd  invasion  of  Egypt 
now  undertaken.  It  covers 
the  37th  year  of  Nebuchad- 
nezzar. His  armies  went 
from  Migdol  to  Syene,  and  ,' 
clothed  themselves  with 
Egypt's  spoils.  Our  only 
monumental  inscription  of 
Nebuchadnezzar,  referring 
to  his  wars,  a  clay  tablet 
now  in  the  British  museum. 


Cap. 


Neb. 


1^27-28 


35-36: 


3-4 

conti 


28-29 


36-37 


A.M. 


3433 

nued. 


B.  C. 


563 


4-5 


3434 


m2 


170 


THE   VOICE   OF    HISTORY. 


Events  and  RBrERENCES. 

Cap 

Neb. 

Ahmes 

A.M. 

B.C. 

absolutely  confirms  this  2nd  "^ 

expedition,    and    the    year 

in    which    Nebuchadnezzar 

undertook  it.      Vide  Trans, 

i 

Soc.  Bib.  Arch.,  vol.  vii.  pp.   > 

28-29 

36-37 

4-5 

3434 

562 

210-225  ;  Vigoroux,  vol.  iv., 

conti 

nued. 

p.    376.     (N.    B.— This  2nd 

invasion   was    three    years 

after  the  first.) 

Nebuchadnezzar    returns  ~ 

to   Babylon   in  time  to  be 

there   at   the  beginning  of 

the  7th  Civil  month,  which 

was   12    months   after    his 

dream  of  the  tree,  and  the 

incidents    related    in    Dan. 
iv.    28-33  took    place.     His  ^ 

29-30 

37-38 

5-6 

3435 

561 

renewed  victory   in  Egypt 

had  again  proved  too  much 

; 

for  even  such  an  intellect, 

and  this  time  it  fell  with  a 

1 
j 

crash.     He  was  insane  from 

the  middle  of  3435  to  the 
middle  of  3442.                        ^ 

1 

30-31 

38-39 

6-7 

3436 

560 

31-32 

39-40 

7-8 

3437 

559 

132-33 

40-41 

8-9 

3438 

ms 

33-34 

41-42 

9-10 

3439 

557 

34-35 

42-43 

10-11 

3440 

556 

35-36 

43-44 

11-12  3441 

5m 

Dan.    iv.     34-37.      Nebu--| 

chadnezzar's  understanding 

returns.      During    the    re- 
mainder   of    this   year    his 

36-37 

44-45 

12-3  3 

3442 

554 

kingdom  is  restored  to  him, 

and  his  first  act  is  to  write  J 

i 

TIMES    OF   THE   GENTILES. 


171 


Events  and  Rkfbkencks. 


Cap. 


an  epistle  declaring  his  ex- "] 
perience  to  all  nations.  I 
Vide  Dan.  iv.  1-3,  4-27,  28-  y  86-37 

33,  34-37.     And  at  the  end  j  ' 
of  the  year  he  died.  J 

The   66th    year  of    "the 
Times  of  the  Gentiles  !  "  i 

Evil  Merodach  ascends^  j 
the  Babylonian  throne  at 
the  beginning  of  this  Civil 
year,  the  first  half  of  which 
was  thus  the  latter  half  of 
the  37th  year  of  the  Cap- 
tivity.    Hence  Jer.  lii.  81- 

34,  and  2  Kings  xxv.  27-80, 
are  absolutely  right.     This 
entire    year,    3443    A.    M., 
marks  a  "  lifting  up  "  era 
in  Judah's  affairs,  and  has  a 
marked  bearing  (typically) 
upon  the  year  A.  D.,  which 
fully  counterparts  it   from  J>  37—88 
this  end  of  the  scale  (to  wit, 
5890  A.  M.,  or  from  Sept.  | 
1890,  to  Sept.,  1891).     The 
half    year    which    follows  [ 
Sept.,  1891,  corresponds  by 
reversion  to  that  in  which  j 
Nebuchadnezzar's       reason  1 
was  restored,  and  he  wrote 
his   epistle  to  the  nations. 
It  is  the  firm  conviction  of  j 
the  writer  that  from  this  I 
coming     September     these 
counterparts  Avill  evolve  in 
striking  incidents  1  J 


44-45 


12-13 


Evil 
Mei'd'ch 


1      18-14 


3442    554 

nned. 


3448 


553 


UHIVlRSITYl 


^m.        msf 


172 


TIIK    VOICE   OF    HISTORY. 


Events  and  Refkrbncks. 


This  year,  3444  A.  M.. 
marks  the  beginning  of  the 
8th  team  of  Transitsof  Venus 
(8  in  a  teamV  The  transit 
occurred  in  Dec.  3444,  and 
was  repeated  five  teams 
later  on  Tuesday,  Dec.  8- 
9th,  1874,  which  was  also 
new  moon's  day.  There  are 
always  486  years  between 
similar  transits. 

From    the    beginning   of 
this  year  to  the  end  of  5888 
A.  M.  (our  Sept.,  1890),  there  I 
extend  2445  Solar  years=to 
2520  exact  lunar,  calendric, 
or       "shortened"       years.  I 
After  which   13^    years   of  I 
"silence,"  or  rest,  or  warn- 
ing, or  Jewish  irredentalism  i 
preceed   and   usher    in   the  | 
last    and    dreadful   7    final  I 
years    of    the    Babylonian 
Era,  to  wit,  those  of  Anti- 
christ. J 


c:ap. 


Mer'd-ch| 


Ahmes.     A.  M. 


38-39 


14-153444 


B.  C. 


652 


"Here  is  Wisdom. 
Let  him  that  hath  understanding  count  the  numher  of  the 
beast ;    for   it   is   the   numher  of  a  man ;   and  his  number  is 

^ix  5un6re6  €^xttBCOxt  anb  ^ix/'— Rev.  xiii.  18. 

To  accept  this  mark  (whatever  it  may  be)  is  to  sin  against 
the  Holy  Ghost  ! !  !  1  John  v.  16.  Matt.  xii.  31-32.  Rev. 
xiii.  16;  xiv.  9-11.  Mark  iii.  28-29.  Luke  xii.  10.  Heb.  vi.  4; 
x.  26-29. 


THE 

CHRONOLOGY  OF  JEREMIAH, 

FROM 

HIS  "CALL"  TO  HIS  "DISAPPEARANCE," 
VINDICATED. 


"  See^  Iliave  this  day  set  thee  over  t?ic  Nations 
and  over  the  Kingdoms^  to  root  out,  and  to  i^ull 
down,  and  to  destroy,  and  to  tit  row  down, 
TO  B  UILD  and  TO  PLANT:'         Jer,  i,  10. 


JEREMIAH  VINDICATED. 


It  is  at  last  high  time  to  do  justice  to  human 
faith,  and  to  have  it  put  on  record,  in  at  least 
one  religious  book,  that  we  believe  in  the  plenary 
inspiration  of  Jeremiah,  and  in  that  of  the  whole 
college  of  the  Prophets,  and  that  also  we  believe 
Jehovah  is  not  only  unswerving  in  his  "times 
and  seasons,''  but  has  so  arranged  them  as  to  be 
within  the  understanding  and  demonstration  of 
his  creatures. 

The  whole  library  of  Scriptural  Commentary 
will  be  searched  in  vain  to  find  a  due  recognition 
of  the  character  and  mission  of  Jeremiah,  and 
we  do  not  hesitate  to  arraign  the  entire  Christian 
Church,  heretofore  and  hitherto,  as  solely  respon- 
sible for  the  deadly  heresy  of  infidelity  which 
feeds  upon  its  own  halting  and  apologetic  vol- 
umes. No  words  are  strong  enough  to  paint  the 
nature  of  a  sin  at  once  so  fatal,  and  so  suicidal  to 
the  integrity  of  faith,  as  has  resulted  from  this 
willful  disbelief  in  God' s  commands  and  promises 
to  Jeremiah,  and  we  challenge  the  orthodox  of 
any  branch  of  the  so-called  "church"  to  pro- 
duce a  single  volume  from  the  whole  library  of 
accepted  standard  theology  wherein  the  doctors 
have  recognized  the  necessity  of  as  duly  account- 
ing for  ''the  BUILDING  and  planting,"  as  for 


176  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

the  merely  historical  bolstering  up  of  a  few 
minor  incidents  in  this  prophet's  life. 

Their  whole  teaching  is  at  fault,  in  that,  on 
coming  to  the  end  of  Jeremiah's  own  works,  so 
far  as  human  history  goes,  and  finding  therein 
no  mention  of  his  having  built  or  planted,  they 
have  tacitly  and  inconsistently  suffered  it  not 
only  to  be  implied,  but  have  actually  taught  that 
\.^  failed! 

The  inconsistency  lies  in  the  fact  that  if  he  did 
fail,  then,  ipso  f  ado ^  his  orders  and  authority  were 
not  from  Jehovah,  and  hence  his  book  would  be 
without  canonical  value.  And  it  is  manifest  that 
whether  they  teach  this  or  not,  the  common  sense 
of  other  men  must  pronounce  this  judgment  upon 
it,  or  else  reject  their  methods,  and  re-commence 
the  study  in  a  different  spirit. 

This  is  the  only  logical  estimate  to  be  placed 
upon  the  sacred  works  of  Jeremiah ;  for  if  no 
more  can  be  said  of  him  than  the  college  of  his 
commentators  have  said,  they  have  but  helped 
' '  the  world ' '   to  disprove  the  word  of  God ! 

But  how  grievous  an  error  this  has  been,  and 
is,  if  still  persisted  in,  it  has  been  the  task  of 
those  who  believe  in  the  Israelitish  origin  of 
"Our  Race"  to  show,  and  it  shall  be  our  own 
task  to  add  another  chapter  to  this  prophet's  vin- 
dication. 

To  commence :  let  it  be  pointed  out,  that 
it  seems  to  have  escaped  the  understanding  of  the 
Doctors,  that  Jeremiah  was  Called,  and  Commis- 


JEREMIAH   VINDICATED.  177 

Stoned  by  the  Holy  Spirit  at  a  moment  whicli 
purposely  ante-dated  the  d  quo  of  Gentile  times, 
just  long  enough  to  make  him  literally  the 
''Prophet  of  the  Nations,"  and  to  enable  him  to 
sweep  into  his  philosophy  the  whole  compass  of 
their  "  times  and  seasons." 

x^s  we  have  already  shown  (Romance  of  His- 
tory, p.  172)  Daniel's  Book  closes  at  the  date  d  quo 
the  scattering  commenced.  Thence  to  Egbert's 
accession,  we  have  already  shown,  is  1335  years 
upon  the  broader  scale  of  prophecy.  But  Jere- 
miah's book  opens  at  an  equally  significant  era, 
to  wit :  the  beginning  of  the  year  3377  A.  M.,  at 
the  Passover  or  Spring-tide,  of  which  Nabopo- 
lassar  began  the  Babylonian  Era.  The  momen- 
tous significance  of  this  fact,  now  for  the  first 
time  raised  to  the  prominence  it  deserves  in  Chro- 
nology, must  be  ajDparent  to  all  earnest  students 
of  the  Bible. 

In  the  meantime,  before  we  begin  to  study  the 
chronology  of  Jeremiah,  let  us  point  out  to  those 
who  find  so  much  difficulty  in  the  fact  that  the 
Saviour,  and  others,  referred  to  texts  not  now 
found  in  "Jeremy,  the  Prophet,"  (Matt,  xxvii, 
9,  and  2  Chron.  xxxv.  25),  will  perhaps  recover 
their  judgment  by  referring  to  2  Maccabees,  ii, 
1,  and  Jer.  xxxvi.  32,  from  which,  together  with 
Jer.  xxxii.  12-14,  it  will  be  manifest  that  we, 
moderns,  have  not  the  whole  of  his  works  in  our 
possession,  and  that  some  of  them  are  still  buried 
against  a  day  of  great  future  necessity ! 


178  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

Let  us  now  devote  a  few  pages  to  the  Chronolog- 
ical re-arrangement  of  the  early  part  of  the  book 
of  Jeremiah,  in  order  that,  with  cleared  insight, 
we  may  mentally  follow  the  sequence  of  events 
into  which  they  eventuated,  and  out  of  which 
they  sprang. 

A  study  of  this  description  is  like  the  solution 
of  a  problem  in  mathematics,  and  must  be  con- 
ducted to  a  rigid  verification  without  neglecting 
any  of  the  conditions  involved.  God's  word  does 
not  admit  of  approximations  as  to  fulfillment, 
each  jot  and  tittle  in  the  sequence  of  events  must 
fall  into  its  appropriate  place,  and  until  such  a 
solution  is  arrived  at,  as  shall  thus  harmonize 
the  whole,  and  bind  it  into  one  complete  history, 
it  stands  to  faith,  and  to  reason  soundly  weigh- 
ing the  premises,  that  the  problem  cannot  have 
been  integrated.  •  It  was  in  this  spirit  that  the 
present  solution  was  undertaken,  and  not  until 
after  many  trials  had  failed  to  satisfy  the  earnest 
search  for  the  truth,  the  whole  truth,  and  nothing 
but  the  truth,  did  the  final  result  come  out  in 
perfect  chronological  harmony. 


PRELIMINARY  CHRONOLOGICAL 
OUTLINE. 


At  the  beginning  of  Josiali's  IStli  year,  which 
was  that  of  3377  A.  M.,  Jeremiah,  then  a  mere 
youth,  received  his  call  as  the  ''Prophet  of 
the  Nations.'-  His  "Commission"  is  broadly 
summed  up  in  the  first  chapter  of  his  OAvn  proph- 
ecies, and  shows  the  scope  of  what  he  was,  'per- 
sonally^ appointed  to  review,  and  of  which  he 
was  to  be  a  part.  In  this  first  chapter  he  himself 
details  his  "Call ''  as  follows  : 

THE  BOOK  OF  THE  PROPHET 

JEREMIAH. 


CHAPTER  L 

1  The  time,  3  and  the  calling  of  Jeremiah,  11  His proph£tical 
visions  of  an  almond  rod  and  a  seething  pot.  15  His  heavy  message 
against  Judali.  17  God  encovrageth  him  with  his  promise  of  assist- 
ance. 

The  words  of  Jeremiah  the  son  of  Hilkiah,  of  the  priests  that 
icere  in  Anathoth  in  the  land  of  Benjamin  : 

2  To  whom  the  word  of  the  Lord  came  in  the  days  of  Josiah 
the  son  of  Amon  king  of  Jiidah,  in  the  thirteenth  year  of  his 
reign. 


180  CHRONOLOGY    OF   JEREMIAH. 

3  It  came  also  in  the  days  of  Jehoiakim  the  son  of  Josiah 
king  of  Judah,  unto  the  end  of  the  eleventh  year  of  Zedekiah 
the  son  of  Josiah  king-  of  Judah,  unto  the  carrying  away  of 
Jerusalem  captive  in  the  fifth  month. 

4  Then  the  word  of  the  Lord  came  unto  me  saying, 

5  Before  I  formed  thee  in  the  belly  I  knew  thee ;  and  before 
thou  camest  forth  out  of  the  womb  I  sanctified  thee,  and  I  or- 
dained thee  a  prophet  unto  the  nations. 

6  Then  said  I,  Ah,  Lord  God  !  behold,  I  cannot  speak  :  for  I 
am  a  child. 

7  But  the  Lord  said  unto  me.  Say  not  I  am  a  child  :  for  thou 
shalt  go  to  all  that  I  shall  send  thee,  and  whatsoever  I  command 
thee  thou  shalt  speak. 

8  Be  not  afraid  of  their  faces  :  for  I  am  with  thee  to  deliver 
thee,  saith  the  Lord. 

9  Then  the  Lord  put  forth  his  hand,  and  touched  my  mouth. 
And  the  Lord  said  unto  me.  Behold,  I  have  put  my  words  in 
thy  mouth. 

10  See,  I  have  this  day  set  thee  over  the  nations  and  over  the 
kingdoms,  to  root  out,  and  to  pull  down,  and  to  destroy,  and  to 
throw  down,  TO  BUILD,  AND  TO  PLANT. 

11  Moreover  the  word  of  the  Lord  came  unto  me,  saying, 
Jeremiah,  what  seest  thou  ?  And  I  said,  I  see  a  rod  of  an  al- 
mond tree. 

12  Then  said  the  Lord  unto  me.  Thou  hast  well  seen  :  for  I 
will  hasten  my  word  to  perform  it. 

13  And  the  word  of  the  Lord  came  unto  me  the  second  time, 
saying,  What  seest  thou  ?  And  I  said,  I  see  a  seething  pot  ;  and 
the  face  thereof  is  toward  the  north. 

14  Then  the  Lord  said  unto  me,  Out  of  the  north  an  evil 
shall  break  forth  upon  all  the  inhabitants  of  the  land. 

15  For,  lo,  I  will  call  all  the  families  of  the  kingdoms  of  the 
north,  saith  the  Lord  ;  and  they  shall  come,  and  they  shall  set 
every  one  his  throne  at  the  entering  of  the  gates  of  Jerusalem, 
and  against  all  the  walls  thereof  round  about,  and  against  all 
the  cities  of  Judah. 


PRELIMINAKY   OUTLINE.  181 

16  And  I  will  utter  my  judgments  against  them  touching  all 
their  wickedness,  who  have  forsaken  me,  and  have  burned  in- 
cense unto  other  gods,  and  worshipped  the  works  of  their  own 
hands. 

17  Thou  therefore  gird  up  thy  loins,  and  arise,  and  speak  unto 
them  all  that  I  command  thee  :  be  not  dismayed  at  their  faces, 
lest  I  confound  thee  before  them. 

18  For,  behold,  I  have  made  thee  this  day  a  defenced  city, 
and  an  iron  pillar,  and  brasen  walls  against  the  whole  land, 
against  the  kings  of  Judah,  against  the  princes  thereof,  against 
the  priests  thereof,  and  against  the  people  of  the  land. 

19  And  they  shall  fight  against  thee  ;  but  they  shall  not  pre- 
vail against  thee  ;  for  I  am  with  thee,  saith  the  L(j'.;i;,  to  deliver 
thee. 

This  single  chapter  compasses  the  whole  ' '  Times 
of  the  Gentiles,"  and  from  the  11th  to  the  17th 
verses,  its  significance  is  still  future — aye,  even 
in  OUR  OWN  immediate  future,  i.  e.,  must  termi- 
nate with  this  current  century  ! 

But  all  the  preceding  verses,  1-10,  concerned 
Jeremiah  himself.  In  this  connection,  the  last 
paragraph — ''to  huild,  and  to  plant ^^ — of  verse 
10,  deserves  special  attention. 

Finally  the  closing  verses,  17-19,  amount  to  an 
explicit  guarantee  of  personal  immunity  from  all 
serious  bodily  harm  to  Jeremiah  himself.  In  view 
of  them  it  is  manifest  that  all  the  legends  with 
which  his  disaj)pearance  has  been  attributed  to 
eventual  martydom,  current  among  Jews  and 
Christians,  are  utterly  baseless.  It  is  a  choice  be- 
tween Jehovah' s  promise,  and  human  ignorance, 
and  there  should  be  no  hesitation,  so  far  as  relig- 


182        CHRONOLOGY  OF  JEREMIAH. 

ioiis  teachers  are  concerned,  as  to  which  side  to 
support. 

In  the  middle  of  the  year  of  Jeremiah' s  ' '  call ' ' 
JN'abopolassar,  who  was  governing  Babylon  as  an 
Assyrian  province,  revolted  and  was  crowned  as 
the  independent  king  of  Babylon.  The  date  of 
his  accession  synchronizes  with  the  beginning  of 
the  Sacred  year  (7th  month  of  3377  A.  M.),  and 
with  it  the  ''Babylonian  Era"  commences.  Nab- 
opolassar  reigned  thus  independently  for  21  years, 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Nebuchadnezzar, 
in  the  year  3398  A.  M.,  w^hose  own  years  lag  a 
little  on  the  sacred  calendar. 

Previous  to  the  accession  of  Nebuchadnezzar, 
Jehoiahaz  had  been  dethroned  by  Pharaoh  Necho 
(3395  A.  M.),  and  taken  to  Egypt,  and  his  brother 
Jehoiakim  placed  ujion  the  throne  of  Judah.  The 
latter  paid  tribute  to  Necho  until  the  first  year 
(3398  A.  M.)  of  Nebuchadnezzar,  who  then 
"smote'-  Necho,  and  ended  his  reign  (Jer.  xlvi. 
2).  For  three  years  thereafter  Jehoiakim  was  a 
faithful  tributary  to  Babylon,  but  in  his  8tli  year 
he  rebelled,  and  renewed  his  EgyjDtian  alliance, 
Psammetichus  II  being  the  reigning  Egyptian 
Pharaoh,  and  then  in  the  6th  or  final  year  of  his 
reign.  These  circumstances  forced  the  Babylo- 
nians to  renew  their  attention  to  Syrian  affairs, 
and  brought  about  the  situation  with  which  we 
shall  commence  this  preliminary  digest. 

Incident  upon  the  rebellion  of  Jehoiakim,  and 
the  prosxjective    alliance  of  Judah   and   Egypt, 


PRELIMINARY   OUTLINE.  183 

came  the  accession  of  Pharaoh  Hophra  to  the 
throne  of  the  latter  kingdom,  in  3405  A.  M.,  and 
the  first  half  of  this  calendric  year,  which  marked 
the  closing  months  of  JS^ebuchadnezzar' s  7th  year, 
found  the  armies  of  the  latter  marching  into  Pal- 
estine in  order  successfully  to  complete  several 
tasks. 

Early  in  the  next  year,  3406  A.  M.,  Jehoiakim 
having  reigned  11  years,  was  quickly  overthrown 
by  the  bands  of  Babylonians  and  their  allies  (2 
Kgs.  xxiv.  2),  and  died  a  prisoner  (2  Kgs.  xxiv.  6) 
in  his  fetters  (2  Chron.  xxxvi.  6),  before  he  could 
be  sent  to  Babylon  with  the  rest  of  the  captives. 

In  the  meantime  (3405)  Nebuchadnezzar  had  de- 
voted his  personal  attention  to  the  Egyptian  com- 
plications of  the  situation,  had  cleared  the  land 
throughout  its  length  and  breadth  of  their  armies, 
and  having  finally  succeeded  in  forcing  them  back 
into  their  own  country,  had  left  the  borders  heav- 
ily  patrolled  (2  Kgs.  xxiv.  7).  It  was  soon  after 
this  juncture  that  Psammetichus  II  was  succeeded 
in  Egypt  by  Pharaoh  Hophra. 

The  death  of  Jehoiakim  quickly  followed.  This 
latter  event  naturally  resulted  in  the  succession 
of  his  own  son,  Jehoiachin,  then  18  years  old,  to 
the  throne  of  Judah,  and  drew  the  personal  atten- 
tion of  Nebuchadnezzar,  now  free  from  all  Egyp- 
tian complications,  particularly  to  the  city  of  Je- 
rusalem. He  therefore  (3406  A.  M.)  came  up 
against  it  immediately  (2d  Kgs.  xxiv.  10,  11). 


184  CHRONOLOGY    OF   JEREMIAH. 

Jehoiachin'  s  reign  covered  the  last  quarter  of 
the  current  sacred  year,  and  ran  10  days  into  the 
1st  month  of  the  next ;  all  of  which  was  covered 
by  the  latter  part  of  Nebuchadnezzar's  eighth 
year,  it  being  now  the  middle  of  3406  A.  M.  The 
renewed  siege  of  the  city  seems  to  have  covered 
this  entire  reign  of  Jehoiachin,  and  in  general 
terms  the  Babylonian  operations  in  Syria,  now 
under  consideration,  occupied  the  last  half  of  the 
7tli  and  the  whole  of  Nebuchadnezzar' s  8th  year 
of  personal  reign. 

The  chances  of  Jerusalem,  which  were  hopeless 
from  the  start,  now  reached  their  crisis,  and,  as 
the  sacred  year  drew  to  its  close,  Jehoiachin  him- 
self made  up  his  mind  to  surrender.  The  new 
sacred  year  comm.enced,  and  with  its  return  Neb- 
uchadnezzar sent  his  ultimatum  to  him.  The  city 
was  smitten  or  broken  up  on  Thursday  the  9th, 
and  upon  Friday  the  lOtli  day  of  this  first  sacred 
month,  Jehoiachin  went  out  and  surrendered  un- 
conditionally. The  next  day.  Sabbath,  11th, 
of  1st  sacred  month,  3406,  thus  marks  the 
beginning  of  the  Captivity,  /.  e.,  its  first  day's 
ending. 

The  king  of  Babylon  now  made  Mattaniah,  the 
son  of  Josiah,  the  tributary  king  in  Jehoiachin' s 
place,  and  changed  his  name  to  Zedekiah,in  com- 
memoration of  the  oath  then  and  there  exacted 
from  him  in  Jehovah's  name,  to  loli:  that  he 
should  give  up  the  Egyptian  alliance,  and  thence- 
forth remain  a  faithful  vassal  of  Babvlon. 


PRELIMIISrARY   OUTLINE.  185 

This  compact  made,  Nebuchadnezzar  withdrew 
his  armies,  and  returned  to  his  capital,  carrying 
with  him  the  first  group  of  prisoners  recorded  by 
Jeremiah,  his  own  eighth  year  of  reign  ending 
with  his  departure,  and  it  being  still  the  center  of 
3406  A.  M- 

For  a  few  years  Zedekiah  preserved  his  integ- 
rity, but  under  pressure  of  a  strong  party,  who 
were  consx)iring  to  recover  the  Egyptian  alliance, 
he  at  last  broke  his  oath,  and  made  overtures  to 
Pharaoh  Hophra  Two  years  later  Nebuchad- 
nezzar' s  armies  returned  and  came  up  to  Jerusa- 
lem with  the  resolution  to  destroy  it  utterly. 

From  this  point  the  dates  of  Ezekiel's  prophe- 
cies accompany  the  events  at  Jerusalem,  but, 
having  already  quoted  them  in  a  previous  section 
of  this  Chronology,  we  shall  now  follow  more 
particularly  those  of  Jeremiah,  who,  as  the  spe- 
cial "  Prophet  of  the  Nations,"  and  as  one  not  yet 
vindicated — as  to  the  fulfillment  of  the  most  im- 
portant part  of  his  mission — it  behooves  us  to  jus- 
tify, and  whose  Chronology  we  shall  set  in  order. 

Space  will  not  permit  us  to  quote  the  texts  re- 
ferred to,  but  the  running  commentary  will  ex- 
plain their  gist,  while  it  is  of  course  incumbent 
uj^on  the  student  to  satisfy  himself ,  by  referring  to 
the  original. 


"  Thou  shall  go  lo  all  that  I  shall  send  thee, 
and  whatsoever  I  command  thee  thou  shall 
speaJc. 

Be  not  a/ raid  of  their  faces  ;  for  I  am  with 
thee  to  deliver  thee,  saiththe  Lord.^' — Jer.  i.  7-8. 


CHRONOLOGICAL  ARRANGEMENT 

OF   THE   LATTER   PART   OP   JEREMIAH'S   LIFE    AS   RE- 
CORDED IN  THE  BIBLE. 


3415  A.  M.     581  B.  C. 

XIYth  year  of  Hebrew  cycle,  10th  montli  (4th 
civil),  10th  day,  Sunday. 

The  armies  of  Nebuchadnezzar  arrive  and  be- 
siege Jerusalem.  Jer.  xxxix.  1 ;  lii.  4.  (Comp. 
Ez.  xxiv.  1-2.) 

Jeremiah  sent  by  the  Lord  with  a  message  of 
advice  and  comfort  to  Zedekiah.    Jer.  xxxiv.  1-7. 

Who  thereupon  causes  a  covenant  of  freedom 
to  be  made  (perhaps  at  Passover?)  Jer.  xxxiv. 
8-10. 

Pharaoh' s  army  now  comes  to  the  rescue  (Jer. 
xxxvii.  5),  and 

The  Egyptians  capture  Gaza.     Jer.  xlvii.  1-7. 

Whereifpon  the  Babylonians  raise  the  siege  of 
Jerusalem  and  depart  to  meet  them.  Jer,  xxxvii. 
5. 


188  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

Zedekiah  sends  a  petition  to  the  prophet.  Jer. 
xxxvii.  3-4. 

Whose  reply  is  dictated  by  the  Holy  Spirit. 
Jer.  xxxvii.  6  10. 

But  Zedekiah  and  his  princes  break  their  cove- 
nant.    Jer.  xxxiv.  11. 

And  Jeremiah  denounces  them.  Jer.  xxxiv. 
12-22. 

The  Prophet  now  attempts  to  go  into  the  land 
of  Benjamin.     Jer.  xxxvii.  11-12. 

But  is  seized,  falsely  accused,  brought  before 
the  princes,  chastised,  and  cast  into  a  prison 
which  was  in  the  house  of  Jonathan  the  Scribe. 
Jer.  xxxvii.  13-15. 

This  incarceration  seems  to  have  been  unusu- 
ally severe.  He  was  evidently  treated  as  a  rank 
political  offender  and  traitor,  and  placed  in  the 
cells  of  the  dungeon,  where  he  remained  "many 
days."  Jer.  xxxvii.  16.  This  is  noticeably  a 
reference  to  the  days  of  "epact"  at  the  end  of 
the  civil  year  3415  A.  M.  (which  was  not  an  in- 
tercalary one,  but  nevertheless  the  22  days  then 
due,  to  rectify  the  Calendar,  backed  up  into  this 
year,  and  were  a  part  of  the  XYth  year  of  the 
cycle.  Taken  broadly  the  expression  has  its 
superficial  English  meaning,  for  Jeremiah  was  a 
prisoner  until  released  by  the  Babylonians  I) 


CHRONOLOGY  OF  JEREMIAH.        189 

3416  A.  M.     580  B.  C. 

At  length,  or  at  the  beginning  of  the  new  civil 
year,  Zedekiah  sent  and  took  him  out  secretly, 
and  having  asked  an  important  question  elicited 
an  equally  momentous  reply.     Jer.  xxxvii.  17. 

Jeremiah  now  requested  the  king  not  to  send 
him  back  to  Jonathan' s  house.  Zedekiah  acqui- 
esced, and  directed  him  to  be  committed  into  the 
court  of  the  prison.     Jer.  xxxvii.  8-21. 

While  there,  in  partial  freedom,  news  of  Pha- 
roah's  retreat  and  of  the  return  of  Nebuchad- 
nezzar's army  towards  Jerusalem  was  soon  fol- 
lowed by  the  actual  fact,  and  the  renewal  of  the 
siege  early  in  the  year.  This  induced  Zedekiah 
to  send  an  official  commission  to  Jeremiah,  who 
returned  a  message  which  seems  to  have  been 
very  generally  overheard  by  all  the  people  who 
were  in  the  vicinity,  and  the  news  of  which 
spread  everywhere.     Jer.  xxi. 

His  particular  enemies  hearing  that  he  had 
thus  advised  the  people  were  wroth  beyond 
measure.     Jer.  xxxviii.  1-3. 

And  now  openly  sought  his  life.  At  their  con- 
tinued insistence  Zedekiah  at  last  weakly  gave 
the  Prophet  into  their  hands.     Jer.  xxxviii.  4-5. 

So  the  princes  took  Jeremiah  and  cast  him  in- 
to the  dungeon  of  Malchiah,  which  was  also  in 


190  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

the  court  of  the  prison.     Here  "Jeremiah  sank 
into  the  mire.''     Jer.  xxxviii.  6. 

Ebed  Melech  now  appealed  to  Zedekiah,  and 
by  his  permission  rescued  the  Prophet,  and  he 
was  restored  to  his  former  quarantine  in  the 
court  of  the  prison.     Jer.  xxxviii.  7-13. 

After  which  Jehovah  sent  a  message  of  safety 
to  Ebed  Melech.     Jer.  xxxix.  15-18. 

It  now  appears  that  the  princes  were  conspir- 
ing to  have  Jeremiah  re-committed  to  the  house 
of  Jonathan,  and  had  appealed  to  Zedekiah  for 
permission.  They  intended  to  dispose  of  him. 
Jer.  xxxviii.  26. 

In  the  meantime  Zedekiah  sent  for  Jeremiah 
and  held  an  important  and  final  interview,  in  the 
principal  entry  of  the  Temple.  Jer.  xxxviii. 
14-26. 

After  which  the  Prophet  was  re-committed  to 
the  court  of  the  prison.     Jer.  xxxviii.  28. 

The  princes,  attempting  to  investigate  this  in- 
terview, were  misled,  and  thereafter  were  too 
much  occupied  with  other  matters,  now  at  a 
crisis,  to  concern  themselves  about  the  incarcer- 
ated Prophet.     Jer.  xxxviii.  27. 

In  this  final  period  of  quiet,  which  spans  the 
closing  days  of  Zedekiah' s  reign  (part  of  11th 
year),  an  important  word  came  to  Jeremiah  from 


CHRONOLOGY   OF   JEREMIAH.  191 

the  Lord.  It  led  to  a  notable  trausaction,  with 
an  equally  prophetic  significance.  This  was  his 
purchase,  as  a  ''^Go'eV  of  Anathoth,  and  the  con- 
veyance of  the  deeds,  sealed  and  unsealed,  to 
Baruch,  for  burial  in  an  earthen  vessel,  which 
will  yet  be  found  in  the  land  of  the  ' '  Goels, ' ' 
even  in  '^Meath,"  where  they  speak  with 
"  Goelic  "  lips  !     Jer.  xxxii. 

And  yet  again  as  the  day  of  doom  drew  on,  no 
doubt  in  the  early  part  of  Zedekiah's  11th  year, 
a  second,  final,  and  superlatively  significant  pro- 
phecy, concerning  the  impending  captivity  and 
eventual  return,  and  a  tlirice  repeated  guaran- 
tee as  to  the  perpetuity  of  DavkV  s  Throne^ 
came  straight  from  God.     Jer.  xxxiii. 

That  prophecy  meant  naught,  or  it  means  all 
that  Anglo-Israelites  maintain  it  does,  as  to 
"Our  Race"  and  to  its  line  of  Monarchs. 

And  now  the  time  of  Judah's  probation  ran 
fully  out.  The  city  fell  (3416  A.  M.,  4th  month, 
9th  day)  and  the  Babylonians  entered  it.  Jer. 
xxxix.  2-3;  lii.  5-6. 

Thereuj)on  Zedekiah  and  his  army  fied  that 
night  (4th  month,  10th  day  beginning)  attempt- 
ing a  sortie  through  the  Babylonian' s  lines.  Jer. 
xxxix.  4;  lii.  7. 

But  were  pursued  and  captured  near  Jericho, 
and  eventually  brought  to  Nebuchadnezzar,  who 


193  THE   VOICE    OF   HISTORY. 

was  himself  far  away  in  the  North,  at  Riblah,  in 
the  land  of  Hamath.     Jer.  xxxix.  5;  lii.  8-9. 

Here  he,  Nebuchadnezzar,  gave  such  direful 
judgment  upon  him,  Zedekiah,  that  the  very 
throne  of  David  seemed  to  have  been  shattered  I 
Jer.  xxxix.  6-7;  lii.  10-11. 

[Into  this  error  fell  even  Josephus,  and  since 
then,  in  it  have  abided  all  the  Doctors  of  the 
Hebrew  and  the  Christian  Churches,  since  none 
of  them  have  seen,  and  fearlessly  maintained  that 
a  Throne  whose  perpetuity  is  so  repeatedly  and 
unconditionally  guaranteed  by  the  living  Spirit 
of  Inspiration,  could  not  possibly  have  been 
brought  to  naught  at  this  time,  no  matter  how 
strong  the  circumstantial  evidence  thereto  may 
be! 

"  The  gifts  and  callings  of  God  are  without 
revocation"  (Rom.  xi.  29),  his  counsels  are  eter- 
nal, his  covenants  secure.  The  God  of  Israel  is 
not  a  man  that  he  should  lie  (Num.  xxiii.  1 9-23). 
Hence  though  all  men  be  proved  liars,  and  all  the 
generations  of  men  be  convicted  of  want  of  faith, 
yet  nevertheless  let  God  b)e  true,  and  his  oath  to 
David  salted  with  endurance  I] 

In  the  meantime  the  Babylonians  under  Nebu- 
zaradan  remained  and  sacked  the  city.  Jer. 
xxxix.  28. 

And  obedient  to  the  particular^  and  notice- 
ahle  orders  of  Nebuchadnezzar,  the  chief  men  of 


CHRONOLOGY  OF  JEREMIAH.        193 

the  Babylonian  army  inquired  diligently  for  Jer- 
emiah, who  was,  of  course,  still  in  the  court  of 
the  prison.     Jer.  xxxviii.  28. 

News  of  his  situation  having  at  length  reached 
them,  they  sent  and  took  him  out.  Jer.  xxxix. 
13-14  (so  far  as  the  word  prison  inclusive). 

And,  for  the  purpose  of  temporary  safety, 
appear  to  have  sent  him  bound  with  all  the  other 
prisoners  to  the  general  rendezvous  at  Ramah. 
Jer.  xl.  1. 

Here  he  was  probably  released  from  his  fetters, 
and  held  to  await  the  official  action  of  Nebuzara- 
dan.  At  this  Ramah,  all  the  captives  were  rap- 
idly collected,  and  such  as  were  adjudged  not 
worth  carrying  away  were  placed  under  the 
charge  of  Gedaliah,  whom  Nebuzaradan  located 
at  Mizpah,  and  made  the  governor  of  the  subju- 
gated province.     Jer.  xl.  7. 

A  month  later  the  destruction  of  the  city  was 
completed  (the  burning  lasted  from  the  7th  day 
to  the  10th).     Jer.  xxxix.  8;  lii.  12-14.  (Josephus). 

Nebuzaradan'  s  preparations  for  departure  were 
now  made,  and  pursuant  to  Nebuchadnezzar's 
original  command  concerning  Jeremiah.  Jer.  xl. 
2-4. 

The  general  sent  for  him,  and  after  a  confer- 
ence gave  him  an  unconditional  release,  under 
circumstances  of  special  and  peculiar  favor.  Jer. 
xxxix.  11-12. 


194  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

But  Jeremiah  was  eventually  advised  to  report 
to  Gedaliah,  and  was  dismissed  with  a  gift. 
Jer.  xl.  5  (compare  Jer.  xxxix.  14  from  after 
word  "prison"  to  "home''  inchisive). 

This  advice  Jeremiah  elected  to  follow,  so  he 
departed,  and  came  to  Mizpah.     Jer.  xl.  6. 

A¥here  he  dwelt.     Jer.  xl.  6;  xxxix.  14. 

With  Gedaliah  and  the  people.  Jer.  xxxix. 
10. 

Whom  the  Babylonians  left  behind  them.  Jer. 
lii.  16. 

Then  Nebuzaradan  left  Palestine  with  his  cap- 
tives.    Jer.  xxxix.  9. 

And  en  route  came  up  to  Riblali.     Jer.  lii.  15. 

Where  Nebuchadnezzar  still  held  the  head- 
quarters of  his  operations  against  all  Syria,  and 
where  certain  of  this  final  group  of  prisoners 
were  also  put  to  death  by  Nebuchadnezzar.  Jer. 
lii.  17-23,  24-27. 

As  soon  as  the  hosts  of  Nebuzaradan  had  de- 
parted, all  the  fugitives  secreted  in  the  region 
gathered  to  Gedaliah.     Jer.  xl.  7-12. 

And  among  them  came  Ishmael,  whom  Johanan 
secretly  exposed  to  Gedaliah  as  a  traitor.  Jer. 
xl.  13-15. 

But  to  no  purpose,  and  the  civil  year  ended. 
Jer.  xl.  16. 


CHEONOLOG.Y    OF   JEREMIAH.  195 

3417  A.  M.     579  B.  C. 
The  events  which  followed  upon  the  opening  of 
the  J^ew  year,  are  now  detailed  in  their  natural 
sequence  in  the  book  of  Jeremiah.     Jer.  xli;  xlii; 
xliii. 

In  the  meanwhile  it  will  be  well  to  notice  the 
verse  with  which  this  straight  account  opens. 
"  Now  it  came  to  pass  in  the  7th  month  that 
Ishmael  -^  ^  *  came  to  Gedaliah  ^  ^  ^ 
and  they  did  eat  bread  together  in  Mizpah." 
Jer.  xli.  i. 

This  was  the  civil  JVew  year  feast.  The  sacred 
year,  or  calendar,  always  begins  in  March,  and 
once  in  three  years  coincides,  aj^proximately, 
with  the  Vernal  Equinox.  Hence  the  seventh 
month  here  alluded  to,  being  sacred,  corresponds 
to  the  1st  civil  month,  or  the  month  after  the 
Autumnal  Equinox.  This  too,  is  fully  borne  out 
by  the  fact  that  the  fruits  had  ripened  (Jer.  xl. 
10)  had  by  this  time  been  garnered  and  winter 
was  approaching.     Jer.  xl.  12  ;  xli.  8. 

It  was  thus  at  a  new  year  feast  that  the  traitor 
Ishmael,  slew  Gedaliah ;  and,  by  seizing  the 
King's  Daughters  soon  after,  attempted  to  sup- 
port his  own  ^pretentions  to  the  succession^  by  an 
alliance  which  would  have  guaranteed  them  ! 

It  is  also  to  be  noticed  that  this  particular 
year  was  the  opening  one  of  the  new  cycle,  and 
the  intercalary  month  had  just  been  scored  cif 


196  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTOKY. 

upon  both  the  sacred  and  civil  calendars  of  (3416), 
in  order  to  bring  them  into  harmony,  and  to 
make  their  first  day  a  first  day  of  the  week,  as 
well  as  the  first  day  of  the  first  month  after 
the  Autumnal  Equinox. 

It  was  a  high  feast  with  much  to  be  thankful 
for  up  to  Ishmael'  s  act  of  murderous  treason  and 
usurpation. 

Such  chronology  as  this  is  beyond  the  ' '  higher 
criticism"  (Selah  I)  andean  no  more  be  shaken 
by  '^job''  and  "hobby"  chronologists  than 
the  planets  can  be  shaken  from  their  orbits.  It 
not  only  scorns  the  leaven  of  the  Pharisees,  but 
defies  the  closest  efforts  of  astronomy  to  prove  it 
at  all  in  error.  And  finally  it  stamps  the  Record 
as  true  history,  with  the  indubitable  seal  of  Di- 
vine authority. 

The  xli.,  xlii.,  and  xliii.  chapters  of  Jeremiah 
detail  the  incidents  that  followed  this  act  of  trea- 
son, and  the  close  of  their  recital  finds  the  Jewish 
colony  settling  in  Egypt. 

"All  the  people  of  the  land"  seem  to  have 
joined  in  this  exodus,  for  when,  a  few  years  later, 
Nebuzaradan  returned  to  the  land  to  punish  it 
for  not  sending  tribute,  and  to  wreak  vengeance 
upon  the  Ammonites  for  aiding  and  abetting  Ish- 
mael, he  found  the  land  so  empty  that  by  scour- 
ing it  he  could  secure  but  745  Jews  (Jer.  Hi.  30). 


CHRONOLOGY    OF   JEREMIAH.  197 

The  very  first  act  of  Jeremiah,  on  arriving  at 
Tahpanhes,  where  his  own  little  remnant,  consist- 
ing of  Baruch,  Ebed  Melecli,  Zedekiah's 
DAUGHTERS,  and  a  few  trusty  adherents,  were 
placed  by  Hophra's  kindness,  was  to  bury  the 
"great  stones"  beneath  the  clay  of  the  brick- 
kiln as  a  "sign"  that  Nebuchadnezzar  should 
spread  his  pavilion  over  them,  and  set  his  throne 
upon  them.  The  rest  of  the  Jewish  colony  set- 
tled at  Daphne,  near  by,  where  they  gradually 
fell  into  the  worship  of  Astarte. 

In  the  meantime  the  siege  of  Tyre  went  on. 
Hophra's  diversion  against  Nebuchadnezzar,  by 
sea,  reaped  its  reward,  and  reduced  that  of  Nebu- 
chadnezzar, and  at  length  Pharaoh's  Lybian  ex- 
pedition started  upon  its  disastrous  undertaking. 

3428  A.  M.     567  B.  C. 

At  last  the  13th  year  of  Tyrian  obstinacy 
came,  and  the  proud  city  by  the  sea  fell  beneath 
the  battering  rams  of  the  Babylonians.  It  was 
at  this  juncture  that  Jeremiah  went  to  the  feast 
at  Daphne,  and  having  pronounced  Jehovah's 
displeasure,  and  the  certain  doom  of  all  the 
Astarte  worshippers,  predicted  the  subjuga- 
tion of  Egypt  to  Babylon,  and,  as  a  "sign,"  an- 
nounced the  impending  fall  of  Hophra(Jer.  xliv). 

Of  course  he  was  ridiculed  ;  but,  confident  of 
his  own  mission  and  inspiration,  he  returned  at 
once  to  Tahpanhes,  and  prepared  for  his  own 
secret  exodus,  for  he  must  have  known  that  his 


198  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

original  commission  had  its  better  i)art  in  store 
for  him,  and  was  at  last  about  to  materialize. 

The  Egyi)tian  sky  at  this  time  was  unclouded, 
and  the  doomed  Pharaoh,  although  not  without 
powerful  enemies,  was  at  the  height  of  his  glory. 
No  one  in  that  land,  not  even  the  most  radical  of 
the  hostile  political  faction,  could  have  antici- 
pated wdiat  was  even  then,  at  the  very  moment 
of  Jeremiah's  utterance,  transpiring  in  foreign 
lands. 

At  last,  and  only  at  the  rate  at  which  news 
could  travel  in  that  early  day,  the  fact  of  Neb- 
uchadnezzar's victory  at  Tyre,  which  portended 
the  immediate  transfer  of  his  long  delayed  atten- 
tion to  Egypt,  and  of  the  utter  failure  of  Hophra'  s 
Lybian  exx)edition,   arrived  together. 

3430  A.  M.     566  B.  C. 

In  the  quickly  succeeding  confusion,  incident 
upon  the  actual  arrival  of  the  Babylonians,  and 
the  internecine  rebellion  of  Ahmes,  the  Book  of 
Jeremiah  ends,  and  the  prophet  himself  and  his 
chosen  and  favored  remnant  disappear  I 

But  so,  too,  Jonah  disappeared, — from  those 
who  cast  him  overboard, — yet  none  the  less  Jeho- 
vah found  conveyance  for  him,  which,  though 
strange,  enabled  him  to  prosecute  his  mission, 
and  perform  the  will  of  Gfod. 

Jeremiah's  disappearance  from  Eastern  and 
Sacred  History  is  the  eery  reason  lohy  ice  should 
looli  for  him  in  the  Secular   History  of  the 


THE  CHRONOLOGY  OF  JEREMIAH.      199 

West.  And  in  this  western  history  we  find  him 
touching  first  at  Spain, 

3434  A.  M.      562  B.  C. 

And  resting  finally  in  the  westernmost  of  the 
Western  Isles. 

There  he  fulfilled  his  ' '  mission  ; ' '  there  he 
"built"  and  "planted;"  there,  too,  his  dust 
awaits  its  resurrection,  in  the  Isle  of  Davenish. 

5889  A.  M. 
Monday,  September  22d,  1890,  A.  D. 

And  there,  finally,  honor,  and  renown,  and  worthy 
reputation,  await  the  successful  spades  of  such 
archaeologists  as  shall  turn  our  tardy  attention  to 
the  neglected  tomb  of  Teali  Tephi,  and  demon- 
strate unto  the  world  whose  Havp  it  was  that  was 
touched  by  David' s  Daughter  within  the  halls  of 
Tara! 

Would  that  for  every  dollar  spent  in  digging- 
bricks  out  of  the  ruins  of  Babylon  a  dime  might 
be  forthcoming  to  explore  this  western  mine  of 
untold  wealth,  for  if  an  indirect  corroboration  of 
the  Scriptures  be  so  valuable,  in  days  of  doubtful 
faith,  what  shall  we  say  to  such  a  lead  as  bids 
fair  to  reveal  the  very  Ark  of  Israel  ! 

The  mystery  of  God's  Romance  is  well  nigh 
consummated.     "  The  Tender  Twig  "  planted  by 


200  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY 

the  Lost  Prophet  has  spread  abroad,  until  to-day 
the  whole  earth  dwells  beneath  its  far  expanded 
groAvth.  The  "Riddle"  of  Ezekiel  (chap,  xvii.) 
has  yielded  up  its  secret,  and  the  Anglo-Saxon 
Race — "Our  Race'' —  is  about  to  stand  forth  in 
its  final  role  as  indeed  Jeshurun,  "a  jDeople 
saved  by  the  Lord."  It  is  thus  with  peculiar 
interest,  in  these  hurrying  days  of  the  transition, 
that  we  are  able  to  glance  backward  to  the  clos- 
ing days  of  that  prophet  who  was  chiefly  con- 
cerned in  the  transplanting  and  set  their  calendar 
in  order. 


"   T^ 


THE 

END  OF  THE  AGE," 


OK  THE 

LAST  CHAPTER  IN   THE   CHRONOLOGY 

OF    THE 

"TIMES  OF  THE  GENTILES." 


''And  he  said,  Go  thy  way  Daniel:  for  the 
words  are  closed,  up  and  sealed  till  the  time  of 
THE  end/' — Dan.  xii.  9. 

^'  For  the  vis  ion  is  yet  for  an  appointed,  time, 
hut  at  the  end  it  shall  spealx,  and  not  lie :  Al- 
though it  tarry,  wait  for  it ;  Because  it  will 

SUTJELY     COME,  — IT    WILL     NOT     TARKY." — Hol). 

a.  3. 


"THE  END  OF  THE  AGE. 


It  will  have  been  manifest  to  the  candid  reader 
of  the  foregoing  volume  that  the  object  of  the 
writer  is  two-fold.  1st.  He  has  been  actuated  by 
a  desire  to  vindicate  to  the  human  judgment  the 
reasonableness  of  the  Biblical  Chronology,  and 
thus  to  persuade  it,  if  so  be  it  is  possible,  to 
investigate  this  wondrous  volume  with  more  of  the 
spirit  of  faith  and  veneration,  and  less  of  that 
which  dominates  this  age  of  doubt.  2nd.  The 
chief  object  has  been  to  advance  ui3on  the  irre- 
fragible  foundation  of  an  astro -historical  chron- 
ology, from  which  there  is  no  escape,  the  far 
more  momentous  conclusions  and  warnings  it  has 
for  the  day  and  generation  in  which  we  live. 

Between  the  Autumnal  Equinox,  which  marks 
the  publication  of  this  volume,  and  the  one  which 
marked  the  "Mosaic  Creation,"  detailed  in 
Genesis  i.,  and  tabulated  in  the  accompanying 
table,  there  extend  exactly  5889  Solar  years, 
reckoned  from  Equinox  to  Equinox  ;  and  all  the 
dates  given  in  this  volume  belong  to  the  one  and 
only  sequence  of  days  and  cycles  which  stretches 
between  them  and  looks  on  beyond  to  time  yet 
future. 

In'  succeeding  Studies  of  this  Series,  we  hope  to 
add  numerous  chronological  tables  to  those  in  this 


204  THE   VOICE   OF    HISTORY. 

one,  and  particularly  do  we  desire  to  carry  the 
main  line  itself,  by  means  of  the  iDrincipal  Biblical 
dates,  from  Creation  down  to  the  close  of  the 
Scriptural  Canon,  and  from  thence,  by  means  of 
authenticated  secular  history,  and  the  astronom- 
ical cycles,  down  to  our  present  day. 

In  this  undertaking  w^e  solicit  the  support  and 
patronage  of  earnest  men,  and  promise  in  return 
that  the  finished  tables  Avill  shed  an  entirely  new 
light  upon  the  Scriptures.  This  effort  is  under- 
taken in  the  spirit  of  wdiat  in  "Study  Number 
One ' '  w^e  have  already  defined  as  ' '  the  Highest 
criticism,"  in  contradistinction  to  its  halting  pre- 
decessor—  the  so-called  "higher  criticism.'' 
With  the  latter  we  have  no  sympathy — it  has 
now  become  historically  objectionable,  its  animus 
is  evil,  its  library  is  apologetic,  and  its  teachers 
should  be  rigidly  catechised  upon  their  Articles 
of  Faith  (1  John  iv.  1-3). 

We  have  fully  set  forth  the  superlative  accu- 
racy with  which  ' '  Moses  and  the  Prophets ' ' 
wrote,  and  the  scheme  upon  which  the  whole 
Biblical  record  is  laid  down. 

We  have  purposely  concentrated  our  studies 
upon  its  most  momentous  period — "The  Baby- 
lonian Era" — since  it  is  the  earliest  absolute 
origin-  of  the  "Times  of  the  Gentiles,"  now 
apparently  drawing  to  their  close,  with  all  that 

THIS  IMPORTS  ! 

It  now  remains  to  draw^  w^  a  scheme  which 
shall  concisely  show^  the  hither  end  of  the  Scale, 


THE  END   OF   THE   AGE. 


205 


CEEROlSrOLOaY. 

XHE    BIRTHDAY    OK    TIMK. 

The  Historical  and  Scientific  Starting  Point. 


Fear  1  Astronomical,  or  0  A.  M.  1656 

before  the  Flood, 
255554  before  Joshua's  Long  Day. 


.  First  Day,  -^ 
•^  Second  Day, 
®  Third  Day, 
!>  Fourth  Day, 
■g  Fifth  Day, 
^  Sixth  Day, 
^  Seventh  Day, 


Sunday. 

Monday. 

Tuesday. 

Wednesday. 

Thursday. 

Friday. 

Saturday. 


Second  Week -^ 

Second  Sabbath.    .     .      .  |^ 

Third  Week { 

Third  Sabbath.      .     .     .  [ 

f 

Fourth  Week ^ 

Fourth  Sabbath.    .     .     .  [ 
Part  of  Fifth  Week.  .     . 


®5 


5889  Solar  Years  before  the  Autumnal 
Equinox  of  1890  A.  D. 


1st  Civil  Month,  Autumnal  Equinox. 


<< 


I.  The  cycle  of  the  Hours  begins. 

II.  'I  he  Solar  year  begins  with  the 

the  first  day  of  the  week  (apply 
Solar  cycle  as  a  test). 

III.  The  ancient  Solar  cycle  begins, 
seven  Lunar  years.  (Antedi- 
luvian) intercalated. 

IV.  Common  Team  of  Eclipses  be- 
gins. 

V.  The  Lunar  cycle  begins,  i.e., 
Metonic. 

VI.  A  Moon  begins  agreeing  with 
ours. 

VII.  Scriptural  History  begins.  No 
dates  fail  to  accord  with  this 
"line  of  time." 

VIII.  The  maximum  cycle  of 
Eclipses  begins. 

IX.  Proved  by  the  transits  of  Venus. 

X.  Proved  by  the  transits  of  Mer- 

cury. 

XI.  Prophetic  times  and  cycles 
commence. 

XII.  The  week  begins,  agreeing 
with  present  sequence. 

XIII.  All  the  rectified  dates  of 
secular  history  corroborate  this 
date. 

XIV.  The  Equinoxes  agree  thereto. 

XV.  The  genealogies  of  the  Bible 
agree. 

XVI.  Finally,  all  astronomy  and 
history  that  does  not  agree 
thereto  is  necessarily  bogus. 
Beyond  it  there  is  nothing  ''pre- 
historic"—geology,  evolution, 
and  disbelief  to  the  contrary 
notwithstanding. 

"In  the  beginning,*^  of  which  Moses 
wrote  the  ci  ncentrated  activities  of 
"  Elohlra  "  laid  the  strata  of  the  earth 
as  Bet  forth  In  Genesis,  and  we  have 
no  ex  post  facto  basis  upon  which  to 
judge  the  results.  Chronology  cor- 
roborates the  account.  This  Is  suf- 
ficient. 


2u6  ^   tup:  voice  of  jiistoky. 

and  to  synchronize  the  several  subordinate  sets  of 
"Times  "  against  it  so  that  the  warning  which  it 
utters  may  be  read  by  "one  that  runs." 

If  the  point  from  which  we  start  the  scale 
(3377  A.  M.)  cannot  be  shaken, — and  the  author 
is  satisfied  that  it  cannot,  so  long  as  the  Solar 
System  preserves  its  astronomical  integrity  ;  and 
if  the  scale  to  be  employed  is  that  of  the  solar 
years  (for  the  lunar  years  ran  out  in  1824  A.  B.), 
— then  the  point  to  which  it  is  progressing  is  the 
Crisis  of  the  Human  Race. 

Upon  far  less  evidence  than  what  he  has  set 
forth  in  this  volume  the  writer  would  not  hesitate 
to  become  a  Jonah  to  a  Nineveh  ;  certainly  he  can 
be  fairly  accredited  with  honesty  of  purpose,  and 
concern  in  premises  that  seem  to  affect  the  future 
not  only  of  his  own  '^  Race  "  but  of  all  mankind 
as  well ! 

With  these  few  final  words  he  therefore  sub- 
mits the  accompanying  modern  terminus  of  the 
scale,  which,  measured  by  the  same  units,  compre- 
hends the  ' '  Seven  Times ' '  of  Gentile  Rule,  and 
synchronizes  its  last  seven  years  Avitli  the  com- 
mon A.  D.  Calendar.  It  is  a  practical  diagram, 
and  compasses  "The  End  of  the  Age:"  it 
stands  in  natural  apposition  to  the  Starting- 
Post  OF  "Time"  above  given,  and  between  these 
two  termini  all  the  history  of  Our  Race,  from 
Eden  to  the  "consummation  of  all  things,"  must 
find  appropriate  place. 


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M^l- 


THE   END    OF   THE   AGE.  207 

As  a  student  of  chronology  of  many  years' 
standing,  and  as  one  quite  familiar  witli  other 
systems,  he  does  not  hesitate  to  pronounce  the 
one  herein  followed  to  be  the  only  correct  sys- 
tem. 

Not  because  it  is  his  own,  for  this  he  disavows. 
It  is  God' s  own,  so  near  as  human  study  has  yet 
compassed  it, .  and  it  is  the  logical  outcome  of  a 
Human  Science  which  has  not  stultified  itself 
with  "Infidelity." 

The  times  are  now  short  and  their  Signs  are  all 
completed  save  a  single  one — the  manifestation  of 
' '  Ho  Anomos  "  "  That  Lawless  One ' '  (2d  Thess. 
ii.  8),  whose  synonym  in  the  same  language  gives 
us  the  familiar  neologism,  "Ho  Anarchos''  — 
(THE  ANARCHIST)— and  these  short  days  (a 
year  and  a  half)  are  the  sole  days  of  grace 
THAT  YET  REMAIN  TO  US.  For  wheu  that  One, 
"The  Mystery  of  Iniquity,"  in  its  final  phase 
shall  have  begun  his  reign,  the  Holy  Spirit, 
which  hitherto  has  withstood  it  (2  Thess.  ii.  6), 
will  have  withdrawn  !  (7. ) 

From  that  dread  moment  onward  we  must  date 
the  "Crreat  Tribulation"  which  is  the  Time  of 
' '  the  Harvest. ' ' 

It  is  therefore  with  deep  concern  that  the  author 
submits  the  accompanying  table,  which  so  inevi- 
tably results  from  the  dread  j)remises  he  has  been 
able  to  establish,  and  leaves  to  those  who  will  con- 
sider it,  and  to  whom  this  volume  is  dedicated, 


THE  END    OF   THE   AGE.  207 

As  a  student  of  chronology  of  many  years' 
standing,  and  as  one  quite  familiar  with  other 
systems,  he  does  not  hesitate  to  pronounce  the 
one  herein  followed  to  be  the  only  correct  sys- 
tem. 

Not  because  it  is  his  own,  for  this  he  disavows. 
It  is  God' s  own,  so  near  as  human  study  has  yet 
compassed  it,  .and  it  is  the  logical  outcome  of  a 
Human  Science  which  has  not  stultified  itself 
with  "Infidelity." 

The  times  are  now  short  and  their  Signs  are  all 
completed  save  a  single  one — the  manifestation  of 
"Ho  Anomos"  "That  Lawless  One'^  (2d  Thess. 
ii.  8),  whose  synonym  in  the  same  language  gives 
us  the  familiar  neologism,  "Ho  Anarchos'' — 
(THE  ANARCHIST)— and  these  short  days  (a 
year  and  a  half)  are  the  sole  days  of  grace 
THAT  YET  REMAiis^  TO  US.  For  wheu  that  One, 
"The  Mystery  of  Iniquity,"  in  its  final  phase 
shall  have  begun  his  reign,  the  Holy  Spirit, 
which  hitherto  has  withstood  it  (2  Thess.  ii.  6), 
will  have  withdrawn  !  (7. ) 

From  that  dread  moment  onward  we  must  date 
the  "Great  Tribulation"  which  is  the  Time  of 
"the  Harvest." 

It  is  therefore  with  deep  concern  that  the  author 
submits  the  accompanying  table,  which  so  inevi- 
tably results  from  the  dread  premises  he  has  been 
able  to  establish,  and  leaves  to  those  who  will  con- 
sider it,  and  to  whom  this  volume  is  dedicated, 


208  THE   VOICE   OF  HISTORY. 

the  task  of  drawing  from  it  such  warning  as  they 
may. 

I  am  deeply  indebted  to  another  Yale  profes- 
sor for  the  true  insight  into  this  ii.  chapter  of 
2  Thessalonians,  which  is  hereinbefore  set  forth. 
This  chapter  is  the  veritable  key  to  what  is  now 
working,  and  to  what  is  soon  to  come  to  pass. 
That  which  "letteth"  or  resists,  or  hindereth 
the  "Spirit  of  EviV^  is  the  Holy  Spirit,  and 
not  the  Roman  Empire  ! 

"The  Comforter"  was  sent  to  us  after  the 
Saviour's  Ascension,  to  be  with  the  Church  of 
Christ  until  the  end.  Progressive  interpretation 
of  the  Word  now  suggests  the  awful  certainty  that 
the  Holy  Spirit,  grieved  beyond  endurance,  will 
withdraw  before  the  Second  Advent ! 

With  it  "the  Elect"  will  probably  be  "caught 
up,"  to  join  the  returning  Saviour  in  the  air. 

But  ' '  woe  to  the  inhabiters  of  the  earth ' ' 
(Rev.  xii.  12)  when  "the  wise  virgins"  disap- 
pear !  The  ' '  foolish ' '  ones  will  then  be  truly 
surrounded  by  a  pack  of  wolves,  for  when  the 
Holy  Spirit  "withdraws  itself"  man  must 
literally  face  tlie  Incarnate  Devil  ! 


CONCLUSION. 


THE  GENERAL  SKELETON 

OF 

"THE  TIMES  OF  THE  GENTILES." 


A  SOLI-LUNAR  HARMONY, 

2S20    YEARS. 


' '  For  this  is  the  Day  of  the  Lord  God  of  Hosts ^ 
a  Day  of  Vengeance^  that  he  may  avenge  Mm  of 
his  adversaries;  and  the  sword  shall  devour  and 
it  shall  he  satiate^  and  he  made  drunk  with 
their  hlood;  for  the  Lord  God  of  Hosts  hath 
a  sacrifice  in  the  north  country  hy  the  river 
Euphrates.     ^    "^ 

''But  fear  thou  not^  0  my  servant  Jacoh^  and 
he  not  dismayed^  0  Israel;  for  hehold,  I  vnll 
save  thee  from  afar  off^  and  thy  seed  from  the 
land  of  their  captivity ;  and  Jacoh  shall  return 
and  he  at  rest  and  at  ease^  and  none  shall  make 
him  afraid. 

' '  Fear  thou  not  0  Jacoh  my  servant,  saith  the 
Lord,  for  I  am  with  thee,  for  I  will  make  a  full 
end  of  all  the  nations  whither  I  have  driven  thee, 
hut  I  will  not  make  a  full  end  of  thee,  hut  correct 
thee  in  measure;  yet  will  I  not  leave  thee  wholly 
unpunished.^'  {Jer.  xlvi.  10,  27-28.) 


THE  CONCLUSION  OF  THE  MATTER. 


We  have  now  reviewed,  upon  a  scientific  basis, 
some  of  the  chronological  inferences  to  be  drawn 
from  the  rectified  "scale  of  time."  In  our  final 
table  we  present  a  general  survey  of  the  chapter 
which  is  now  of  chief  importance.  Manifestly  it 
behooves  the  ''Church"  to  be  prepared.  It  is 
idle  to  say,  in  the  face  of  these  facts,  that  the 
beginning  of  the  end  does  not  synchronize  with 
the  issue  of  this  present  volume ;  it  is  equally 
idle  to  maintain  that  it  does.  However  mis- 
quoted, therefore,  the  present  author  may  here- 
after be,  he  wishes  to  place  on  record  a  fair 
statement  of  his  position,  to  wit : 

(a)  In  view  of  the  Saviour's  own  command 
(Mark  xiii.  33),  it  is  our  duty  to  be  ready.  . 

{h)  In  the  spirit  of  Daniel  ix.  2,  it  is  equally 
our  right  and  duty  to  study  ' '  by  books  the  num- 
ber of  the  years." 

{c)  In  the  same  way  as  Daniel's  efforts  were 
at  length  rewarded  (Dan.  x.  xi.  xii.),  we  may 
hope  for  general  light. 

(5)  In  the  meantime  we  are  expressly  told  that 
no  one  need  doubt  his  senses  when  the  thing  is 
nigh,  even  at  the  doors  (Mark  xiii.  28-30).  There 
can  be  no  doubt  that  this  is  so  to-day. 


212  THE   VOICE    OF   HISTORY. 

{e)  And  we  are  also  assured  that  this  dispensa- 
tion (this  "Israel,"  this  Age  of  the  "Goyim"  or 
"Gentiles,"  this  "Era  of  Evil,"  typified  by  Baby- 
lon, and  dating  from  her  correct  origin,  ' '  shall 
not  pass  away  till  all  these  things  be  fulfilled ' ' 
(Mark  xiii.  30). 

(/)  Now  the  scheme  of  Chronology  which  we 
endorse,  and  which  squares  itself  against  history 
and  astronomy,  must  remain  unimpugned  what- 
ever happens,  and  if  we  have  applied  our  proph- 
etic scale  to  the  correct  beginning^  then  is  it 
equally  manifest  that  it  reaches  the  proper  end^ 
and  therefore  must  span  all  else  that  lies  between 
us  and  that  termination. 

{g)  If  the  Times  of  the  Gentiles,  of  which  Neb- 
uchadnezzar and  Ms  father^  quite  as  much  as 
Nebuchadnezzar  and  his  sons,  stood  for  "the 
head  of  gold,"  began  in  3377  A.  M.,  they  end  in 
5897  A.  M.  (or  at  our  March,  1899);  and  it  need 
not  surprise  the  Church  that  such  a  truth  should 
be  revealed,  in  its  proper  season,  since  we  are 
told  (Hab.  ii.  2-4)  that  "in  the  end"  it  shall  be 
"plain"  to  one  "that  runs,"  the  which  Daniel 
also  fully  endorses  (xii.  4-8,  9).  Nor  dare  we  hesi- 
tate to  avow  our  positive  conviction  that  the 
time  is  even  now  upon  us. 

ill)  Yet  let  no  weak  vessel  hereby  be  over- 
turned, so  that  its  quantum  of  faith  be  spilled, 
if,  by  the  Grace  of  God,  these  days  be  still  fur- 
ther lengthened,  and  so  another  soul  be  added  to 
his  sheaves.     In  other  words,  we  must  point  out 


CONCLUSION   OF  THE  MATTER.  213 

that  it  is  possible  (although  from  the  consum- 
mate way  the  scales  of  Prophecy  and  History 
harmonize  when  adjusted  from  3377  A.  M.,  we  must 
confess  it  is  not  at  all  probable)^  the  commence- 
ment of  the  Solar  Era  may  eventually  be  measured 
from  Nebuchadnezzar's  own  second  year,  i.  e., 
from  3399  A.  M.  It  was  in  this  year  that  he 
dreamed  the  vision  which  was  taken  as  the 
"type"  (Dan.  ii.  1),  and  it  was  unto  him  per- 
sonally thsit  Daniel  said  (36-38)  ''Thou  art  this 
head  of  gold." 

(/)  By  no  possible  method  of  interpretation 
can  we  slide  the  scale  of  7  Times  or  2520  Pro- 
l^hetic  years,  down  that  of  fixed  chronology,  be- 
yond this  final  point,  and  to  do  so  would  increase 
our  ' '  margin  of  grace ' '  by  only  22  years. 

(J)  We  have  said  that  this  "increment"  is 
not  probable.  This  is  of  course  only  our  own 
judgment,  but  it  is  founded  upon  a  collateral 
survey  of  numerous  other  prophecies,  whose  in- 
terpretation seem  inevitably  to  focus  upon  the 
end  of  this  century,  and  not  to  span  over  into 
the  next. 

{7c)  Nebuchadnezzar  was,  and  is,  "this  head 
of  Gold."  In  Solar  time  the  2520  years  com- 
mence with  the  Chaldee  Babylonian  Era,  and  run 
out  in  1899  A.  D.,  but  in  their  personal  applica- 
tion to  Nebuchadnezzar  himself,  they  clearly  de- 
layed, until  no  longer  able  to  resist  his  besetting 
sin  of  pride  he  boasted  in  his  palace,  and  ex- 
claimed : 


214  THE   VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

' '  Is  not  this  great  Babylon  which  I  have  builded 
for  the  house  of  the  kingdom,  by  tlie  might  of 
my  power,  and  for  the  honor  of  my  majesty?'' 

And,  ' '  While  the  word  was  in  the  king' s  mouth, 
there  fell  a  voice  from  heaven,  saying,  0  King 
Nebuchadnezzar,  to  thee  it  is  spoken ;  The  king- 
dom is  departed  from  thee."     Dan.  iv.  30-31. 

From  this  time  the  vision  of  the  Image 
' '  speaks "  !  A  consultation  of  the  accompany- 
ing general  diagram  will  demonstrate  the  fact : 
for  seven  years  the  king,  as  a  type,  was  insane, 
for  half  a  year  he  recovered  his  reason  and 
acknowledged  his  sin  in  an  epistle  unto  all  na- 
tions. Then,  his  problem  solved,  he  died ;  and 
the  times  betokened  by  the  vision,  and  the  tyi)e, 
began  their  shorter,  lunar  course.  From  3444 
A.  M.  to  5888  A.  M.  inclusive  (2445  solar  years, 
or  exactly  2520  lunar  years),  the  "times"  repeat 
upon  an  included  scale,  and  run  out  at  the 
Autumnal  Equinox  of  1890  A.  D. 

They  are  ended !  Just  ended  !  And  now  a 
pause  of  a  year,  and  of  a  half  a  year,  come  in  be- 
tween them  and  the  final  seven  which  are  to 
antitypify  all  that  heretofore  has  taken  place. 

These  final  seven,  tJie  reign  of  Anti-Christ, 
consummately  complete  the  scheme  and  make  it 
SoLi-LuNAR  to  the  last  degree. 

Stood  we  condemned  to  an  inevitable  death, 
upon  one-thousandth  part  of  the  certainty  in- 
volved in  these  calculations,  we  would  all  be  en- 
grossed in  setting  our  affairs  in  order,  and  shall 


THE  CONCLUSION  OF  THE  WHOLE  MATTER 

OR   A 

GENERAL  SKELETON  OF  "THE  GENTILE  TIMES 

AS   8BT  FORTH   UPON  THB 

BIBLICAL  OR  SACRED  "CALENDAR." 


TRUE  A.  M.  TEARS. 


63^ 


45^ 


I   I 


r     ^ 


3377M 


3399 

3433 
3434 

.34351^ 
34361^ 
34371^ 
34381^ 
34391^ 
34401^ 
3441K 

•-3442^ 


' '  And  because  the  Bridegroom  was 

lo7ig  away  they  all   slumbered   and 

slept." — Math.  xxv. 

(The  true  translation  as  rendered  by  the  best 
Greek  scholars.) 

Dan.  ii. 

Dan.  iii. 
Neb's  Vision.— 
Dan.  iv.  28-33. 


Dan.  iv.  1-27. 


1^7 


Nebuchadnezzar's 
"INSANITY." 


N.  B.-The 
central  point 
of  the  whole 
era  Is 

4636  A.M. 


Dan.  iv.  28-33. 

Neb.'s  Epistle  to  all  Nations  Written. 
Vide  Dan.  iv.  34-37. 


HABAKKUKX 
Chap.  11.  3.    ; 


2445^ 


5888 


1  \     Mai.  iv.    5889 


Thk "SHORTENED" 
'Seven  (Lunar)  Times' 

OP 

JUDAH. 
Mercifully  Reduced. 


4666=Central 
Year! 


(      MARK      \ 
VChap.xiil.  20.j 


2  Thess.  ii. 


r 


7^ 


L 


A.  D.= 


58911^ 
I  58921^ 
5893K  I  7 
58941^  >  ^ 
58951^ 
58961^ 
58971^ 

6000  A.  M. 


Rev.  xiii. 
ANTi-CHRiST'S"Dan.  ii. 
REIGN         Mark  xiii. 
OP  Dan.  iii. 

Dan.  xi. 


The  final  7  years 
mustbefloat'd  Into 
modern  A. D.  years. 
Zach.  xiv.      00 
2  Thess.  ii.    ^.  18921^ 
-        31^ 


HORROR. 


Rev.  iv.  xix.  S  18983^ 

To  Middle  of  Year.  James  V.  -     1899)^ 

Soll-Lunar=1335th  year.— Dan.  xll.  12. 

Sometime,  from  now  on,  after  the  final  7  years  hive  bf>en  fully  bcRun,  and  "  the 

Lawless  one  "  has  been  Identified  (2  Thess.  11.  3.  8)  Redemption  draweth  nigh.  There 

is,  therefore,  now  but  one  Christian  motto,  •'  And  what  1  say  unto  you  I  say  unto  all, 

WATCH  !^'-St.  Mark  xlv.  32. 


216   •  THE  VOICE   OF   HISTORY. 

we  not  awake  to  an  alarm  which  loudly  pro- 
claims that  the  DIES  IRM  is  at  hand  ? 

{I)  And  finally;  what  is  it  to  Thee,  O  Man,- 
seeing  that  thou  art  enclosed  in  the  net  of  this 
final  generation  anyway?  As  one  of  its  ''units'' 
thoic  may  est  pass  away  to-morrow  (James  iv. 
13-14),  and,  if  with  unreplenished  lamp  thou 
goest,  then,  clearly,  thine  own  equation  will  be 
as  fully  solved  as  if  perchance  the  Lord's  coming 
fell  upon  this  very  day,  and  oil  were  wanting  in 
thy  vessels. 

It  is  to  this  end  chiefiy  that  we  have  supple- 
mented our  own  earnest  testimony  in  behalf  of 
things  so  meet  for  the  consideration  of  ' '  Our 
Race,"  with  seals  of  sufficient  dignity  and  author- 
ity to  demand  respect  among  Scientists,  and  so- 
called  ' '  higher  critics. ' ' 

As  it  is  easier  to  tear  down  than  to  build,  let 
now  all  such  as  dispute  the  ' '  Chronology  of  the 
Bible ' '  as  herein  vindicated,  produce  their  own 
case,  and  show  wherein  the  spirit  which  inspired 
"the  Record"  has  failed  to  adhere  to  its  own 
set  "times  and  seasons."  But  in  the  meantime 
let  all  such  as  are  ' '  wise ' '  perceive  the  signifi- 
cance of  this  conclusion,  to  wit:  that  if  "Josh- 
ua's Long  Day,"  and  the  "Shadow  upon  the 
dial  of  Ahaz ' '  are  hereafter  to  go  back  into  his- 
tory as  integral  parts  of  the  now  fully  vindicated 
record  of  "Our  Race,"  then  verily  unto  it  do 
they  also  raise  their  voices  and  unite  with  all 
cycles  of  heaven  in  A  Midnight  Cry  ! 


EDITORIALS. 


''And  Joshua  said  unto  the  people^  Sanctify 
yourselves :  for  to-morkow  the  Lord  will  do 
wonders  among  your"*  Joshua  Hi.  5. 


219 


0UR  RPIGG: 

ITS    ORIGIN    AND    IXS    DESTINY. 

SERIES  I.  SEPTEMBER,    1890.  NO.  2. 

EDITORIALS. 

' '  The  time  will  come  when  Bible  Prophecy 
with  its  Chronology  will  be  confirmed  by  History 
in  so  exact  and  so  signal  a  manner  that  malice 
and  infidelity  alone  will  be  able  to  deny  its 
inspiration.  Then,  too,  the  world  will  have  had 
its  last  say,  impiety  will  have  let  fall  its  last 
masque,  intolerance  have  practiced  its  last 
cruelties,  superstition  descended  the  lowest  round 
of  idolatry,  faith  won  on  the  scaffold  its  most 
brilliant  victories,  and  in  presence  of  the  last 
great  revolution  History  will  learn  from  Prophecy 
to  comi)rehend  and  to  judge  itself.  The  trans- 
formation which  it  will  experience  will  be  so 
complete  that  a  very  small  remnant  will  be  found 
of  what  it  to-day  calls  its  Philosophy." 

Thus  wrote  Frederic  de  Rougemont,  the  earnest 
Swiss  pastor,  nearly  a  generation  ago,  and  behold 
we  are  already  standing  upon  the  threshold  of  the 
days  to  which  he  alluded.     The  N"ew  Chronology 


220  OUR    RACE. 

has  come  to  stay,  and  nnto  it  whatsoever  of  His- 
tory is  worthy  of  survival  must  hereafter  conform 
all  its  references.  We  dare  to  say  this  ex 
cathedra  :  for,  satisfied  that  the  Bible  is  insj)ired, 
even  in  the  sense  accepted  by  the  wise  of  all 
former  ages,  and  being  ready  to  demonstrate  that 
its  hitherto  most  inexplicable  cross  references 
yield  without  violence  to  the  requirements  of  this 
rectified  chronology,  we  risk  nothing,  save  per- 
haps a  chapter  or  so  of  modern  criticism,  in 
stating  our  position  plainly.  That  we  shall  incur 
a  torrent  of  animadversion  for  our  temerity  we 
ought  perhaps  to  have  no  doubt,  we  expect  it 
from  the  quarters  of  the  arena  into  which  we 
have  hurled  the  gauntlet,  but  we  ask  the  audi- 
ence to  require  all  combatants  to  raise  their  visors 
ere  they  join  the  fray  so  that  it  may  be  known 
from  the  start  upon  which  side  they  are  truly 
crossing  swords. 

Hz 
Hi    * 

As  the  whole  of  this  present  Number  of  the 
Our  Race  Series  partakes  of  the  nature  of  Notes, 
Queries  and  Replies,  and  has  a  direct  bearing 
upon  the  Israelitish  origin  of  the  Saxon  Race, 
we  omit  the  few  pages  which  would  otherwise 
have  been  devoted  to  them.  In  the  meantime  we 
take  occasion  to  thank  the  numerous  correspon- 
dents who  have  sent  us  data  of  interest  touching 
the  subjects  advanced  for  discussion  in  Study 
Number  One.  If  the  replies  and  material  con- 
tinue to  come  in  at  the  present  rate  we  shall  in 


EDITORIALS.  221 

time  be  able  to  devote  an  entire  volume  to  them, 
and  promise  to  present  an  array  of  facts  and  cir- 
cumstantial evidence  which  it  will  be  impossible 
to  combat.  We  are  satisfied,  however,  it  will  be 
agreed  by  all  that  Chronology  is  now  the  chief 
matter  of  concern. 

It  is  the  fundamental  basis  of  all  accurate  histo- 
rical investigation,  and  not  until  its  skeleton  has 
been  satisfactorily  articulated  can  we  hope  to 
clothe  our  topic  with  flesh  and  nerves,  and  vital- 
ize it  with  the  blood  of  life.  Henceforth  we  shall 
give  all  dates  in  the  true  chronology — /.  e.,  the 
Biblical  or  A.  M.  years.  Those  given  in  Study 
Number  One  were  upon  the  common  A.  D.  and 
B.  C.  scale,  and  should  be  translated  into  the 
A.  M.  scale  by  means  of  the  table  given  upon 
page  113. 

They  must  be  blind  indeed  who  fail  to  read 
the  warning  written  upon  the  walls  of  the  mod- 
ern Temple  of  Theology.  In  its  continued  sub- 
division into  sects  the  Protestant  Church  has 
had  its  strength  so  decimated  that,  as  the  Master 
long  ago  predicted,  it  is  doomed  to  fall  (Matt, 
xii.  25).  We  Protestants  are  iDrone  to  draw 
invidious  comparisons  against  Rome,  while  she 
in  turn  points  out  the  ever  widening  breaches 
which  divide  our  house  against  itself !  Just 
where  the  balance  of  error  actually  resides  is 
hard  to  tell.  The  fact  is  the  spirit  of  Laodi- 
cea    presides    over    the  whole    city  of    Modern 


222  OUK   RACE. 

Babylon  whatever  be  the  particular  ward  in 
which  w^e  dwell,  and  the  cry  should  now  go  up 
throughout  all  its  precincts,  "Come  out  of  her 
my  people,  that  ye  be  not  partakers  of  her  sins, 
and  that  ye  receive  not  of  her  plagues ' '  (Rev. 
xviii.  4).  This  is  the  Midnight  Cry  itself,  and  it 
appeals  to  all  "the  wise,"  wherever  they  are 
domiciled,  to  go  out  to  meet  their  coming  Lord, 
and  to  take  naught  with  them  but  that  oil  which 
burns  with  the  bright  flame  of  faith  in  the  integ- 
rity of  the  whole  Bible.  That  we  ourselves  are 
dwelling  in  this  Laodicean  Babylon  is  patent  to 
all  Avho  are  familiar  with  the  methods  ui^on  wdiich 
its  ^^prhnarles'^  are  conducted,  nor  can  we  for- 
tify our  assertion  better  than  by  quoting  once 
more  from  our  trenchant  Swiss  pastor,  who 
wrote  as  follows  of  a  state  of  the  Church,  in  his 
day  future,  but  now,  alas  !  only  too  realistic  : — 

"The  closing  Epistle  of  Christ  to  the  Seven 
Churches  (Rev.  iii.)  is  directed  to  Laodicea.  It 
corres23onds  to  the  times  of  Jewish  phariseeism 
and  sets  forth  the  state  of  the  Protestant  nations 
at  the  Lord's  return,  when  there  will  be  little  or 
no  true  faith  left  on  the  earth.  The  missionary 
zeal  of  the  Church  of  Philadelphia,  which  at  one 
time  enflamed  the  whole  mass  of  reformed  Chris- 
tianity, wdll  have  subsided  into  lukewarmness. 
The  whole  area  will  be  Christian,  and  pride  itself 
on  its  profession.  A  high  standard  of  morality, 
an  uj) right  life,  a  conservative  creed,  wdll  be  never 
so  popular.     There  will  be  no  open  enemy  of 


EDITORIALS.  223 

Christ  as  in  Philadelphia,  no  outspoken  infidel ; 
only  phariseeism  and  lukewarmness,  only  the 
happy  medium  between  impiety  and  pietism. 
There  will  be  a  little  faith,  but  not  too  much  ;  a 
]3rofession  of  orthodox  principles,  confined  within 
wise  limits.  There  will  be  some  fear  of  God,  but 
much  fear  of  men;  great  respect  for  the  Bible, 
but  enough  good  sense  to  keep  men  from  viewing 
its  doctrines,  its  precepts  and  its  denunciations  in 
a  serious  light ;  society  wholly  given  to  the 
acquisition  of  temi3oral  blessings,  and  yet  diligent 
enough  in  public  worship  not  to  doubt  the  par- 
doning mercy  of  God.  They  will  consider  them- 
selves very  rich  in  SiDiritual  life,  they  will  even 
have  need  of  nothing.  But  the  Lord  will  vomit 
luTcewann  Laodicea  from  His  mouth.  He  will 
not  fight  against  her,  as  against  Pergamos  and 
Thyatira,  He  will  not  judge  her  like  Sardis  ;  but 
He  will  wholly  cast  her  off  with  scorn,  and  leave 
her  to  her  wallowing  in  the  mire.  Still,  she  is  a 
church,  and  Oh,  mystery  of  grace !  He  even 
speaks  to  her  of  Jove.  He  counsels  her,  rebukes 
her,  treats  her  like  a  child  subjected  to  salutary 
discipline  :  '  I  would  that  thou  wert  cold  or  hot.' 
'Be  zealous,  therefore,  and  repent.'  He  offers 
her  a  cotlyrium^  that  she  may  open  her  eyes  to 
her  icretclied  state;  the  white  raiment  of  His 
righteousness,  that  the  shame  of  her  nakedness 
may  not  appear ;  gold  tried  in  the  fire  of  faith, 
that  she  may  be  truly  rich.  But  His  offers  will 
not  be  accepted  by  the  vast    majority  of   the 


224  OUR   RACE. 

Laodiceans  ;  few  of  them  will  even  hear  His  voice 
when  He  'stands  at  the  door  and  knocks'  to 
invite  His  gnests  to  the  bridal  supper.  Those, 
however,  who  in  the  midst  of  the  universal  apathy 
have  persevered  in  love  to  the  end,  will  receive 
the  highest  honor  of  all  the  faithful :  they  shall 
sit  down  with  Jesus  on  His  throne. 

' '  The  Church  of  Laodicea  is  no  far-fetched  type  ; 
it  mirrors  the  Protestant  world  to-day,  and  its 
distinct  presence  is  not  one  of  the  least  of  the 
sign-posts  that  guide  the  weary  pilgrim  along  his 
midnight  highway." 

If  a  tithe  of  what  we  have  reviewed  in  this 
present  Study  is  even  approximately  right,  then 
certainly  this  generation  is  to  witness  the  har- 
vesting of  God' s  vineyard,  and  if,  as  we  believe, 
it  is  wholly  true,  then  must  this  very  decade  see 
the  scythe  thrust  in  ! 

''Now  Jordan  overhoweth  all  his  banks  all  the 
time  of  harvest,"  and  so,  too,  doth  the  river  of 
Prophetic  fulfillment  inundate  the  banks  whereon 
those  who  bear  the  Ark  of  Truth  are  dipping  the 
soles  of  their  feet  into  "the  brim  of  the  water" 
(Josh.  iii.  15). 

But  no  matter  how  its  waters  swell  Israel  is  to 
pass  over  dry  shod — the  waters  must  roll  back  even 
to  the  City  of  Adam,  and  below  us  they  must  fail 
from  their  channels,  even  to  the  Salt  Sea.  We 
must  "pass  over  right  against  Jericho ! "  There 
are  stirring  times  ahead  of  us,  and  ere  we  may 


EDITORIALS.  225 

count  upon  a  new  ' '  division  of  the  land, ' '  a  great 
and  terrible  DAY  is  certainly  in  store  for  all  the 
earth,  a  day  when  those  who  doubt  the  truth  of 
Joshua's  Long  Day  are  doomed  to  see  Us  very 
opposite  take  place  !  for : 

"It  shall  come  to  pass  in  that  day  saith  the 
Lord  God,  that  I  will  cause  the  sun  to  go  down  at 
noon^  and  I  will  darken  the  earth  in  the  clear 
day  "' (Amos  viii.  9). 

' '  And  he  said  unto  me.  Seal  not  the  sayings  of 
the  prophecy  of  this  book,  for  the  time  is  at  hand. 

He  that  is  unjust  let  him  be  unjust  still :  and  he 
that  is  filthy  let  him  be  filthy  still :  and  he  that  is 
righteous  let  him  be  righteous  still :  and  he  that 
is  holy  let  him  be  holy  still. 

And  behold  I  come  quickly :  and  my  reward  is 
with  me,  to  give  every  man  according  as  his  work 
shall  be"  (Rev.  xxii.  10-12). 


^AMEN.sg 


'^  Woe /or  the  earth  and  for  the  sea  :  because 
the  devil  is  gone  down  to  you  having  great 
wrath,  because  he  knoweth  that  he  hath  but  a 
short  time''  Hec.  xil.  12. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 


A    CARD. 

Had  we  the  means ^  toe  would  willingly  give  a 
copy  of  tliese  worlis  to  every  Imiman  being,  hut 
while  this  current  dispensation  lasts^  we  are  un- 
fortunately forced  to  ''sell  the  truth,^'  {Matt. 
XXV,  1-3),  to  those  loho  know  its  present  value. 
{Prov.  xxiii;  23)  / 

THE  OUR  EACH  PUBLISHING  CO. 


(D:B'     TPiE 


OUR  RAGE,  171 S,  SERIES, 

AVE   WlSir    TO    CALL    ATTENTION   TO 

STUDY     NUIVIBKR     ONK, 

ENTITLED 

THE  ROMANCE  OF  HISTORY: 

"LOST  ISRAEL  FODMD." 

Hi/  Prof,  a  A.  L.  TOTTEN,  {Yale  Univ.):  with  Introduction  by 
Prof,  a  PIAZZI  SMTTH,  {late  Astron.  Royal,  Scot.) 


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(gnti^ue  Q3in6in0. 


This  is  pre-eminently  THEI  volume  of  the  HOUR  which  is  striking  upon 
the  dial  of  the  AGES.  It  treats  of  the  Emergency  questions  which  now  lie 
at  the  Anglo-Saxon  Door,  and  its  clarion  summons  should  arouse  our  "Royal 
Race"  from  apathy  and  sleep,  and  accelerate  the  consummation  of  its  Mission. 
With  significant  arithmography  the  author  has  concentrated  the  destiny  of  this 
dominant  people  into  an  acrostic  composed  of  the  vowels  of  their  universal 
language, 

A.  E.  I.  O.  U.  Y. 
Angliae  Est  Imperare  Orbi  Universo  Yisraelae. 
It  is  for  the  A  nglo- Israelites  to  dominate  the  Universe ! 

Like  the  Race,  of  whose  history  this  volume  treats,  the  book  itself  has  a  past, 
a  PRESENT,  and  a  FUTURE,  and  we  want  earnest  agents  to  put  it  into  earnest 
hands.  The  first  edition,  a  limited  one,  is  being  rapidly  exhausted,  and  almost 
every  volume  called  for  seeds  down  an  immediate  demand  for  numerous  others. 
All  who  have  read  "Our  Country,''  by  Josiah  Strong,  should  make  haste  to 
secure  this  still  more  comprehensive  survey  of  our  Origin  and  Destiny.  They 
will  save  time  and  insure  personal  attention  by  ordering  it  directly  from  the 
publishers.  Our  Company  has  been  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  Con- 
necticut for  the  express  purpose  of  spreading  the  truth  broached  in  this  open- 
ing volume;  the  unusual  incidents  leading  up  to  this  step  are  fully  set  forth  in 
the  book  itself;  they  will  be  a  revelation  to  many  1 


The  volume  is  popularly  written,  and  its  rhythm  is  in  touch  not  only  with  its 
own  motif,  but  with  the  Zeit-Geist  or  "  spirit  of  the  times."  From  amorg  the 
commendatious  of  the  few  to  whom  its  "  Advance  Sheets  "  were  submitted  we 
select  the  following : 

"It  Is  so  new,  so  strange,  so  startling."— Joseph  V.  Bradley  (.Justice  U.  S. 
Supreme  Court).  "But  IttLle  short  of  Inspiration."— Rev.  Emersou  Jessup. 
" I  would  not  have  believed  that  jou  could  have  put  me— a  country  outsider  given 
to  chopping  and  literary  excursus— into  such  quick  and  lively  rapport  with  the 
issues  you  discuss.  Your  enthusiasm  is  catching,  and  I  am  sure  must  catch  readers 
In  abundance."— Donald  H,  Mitchell  (Ik  iMarvel).  "The  most  reidahle  book 
for  the  general  public  yet  published."— Rev.  Geo.  W.  Greenwood  (late  Ed- 
itor of  The  Heir  of  the  World).  "  Will  be  widely  read."— Hon.  Edward  J. 
Phelps  (Ex-Minister  to  Great  Britain).  "I  have  learned  sulVicient  to  make  me 
ponder  and  search."— Rabbi  A.  P.  Mendes  (Touro  Inst.,  Xewport,  R.  I., 
"Kobly  written  and  scripturally  founded."'—Prof.  C.  Piazzi  Smyth.  "Just 
the  thing  needed."— Edward  Hine.  "  Your  theme  Is  a  noble  one,  and  one  which 
uught  to  engage  our  reverend,  careful,  humble,  long  study.  If  the  case  can  be 
fairly  made  out,  nothing  so  noble  has  crowned  all  the  Scientific,  Historic  or  Scrip- 
tural research  of  these  wonderful  days  of  ours.  It  would  (as  does  the  presence  of 
the  Jews  as  a  distinct  Race,  and  far  more,  I  think,  than  that)  afford  a  wonderful 
confirmation  of  the  Sacr^^d  Writings,  It  would  be  a  proof  before  our  very  eyes."— 
W.  W.  Nlles  (Bishop  of  New  Hampshire).  "  When  your  books  are  ready  I  shall 
try  to  spread  about  a  score  of  them;  in  the  meantime  please  find  $23  to  render  a  little 
help."— J.  W.  (This  is  but  one  of  many  letters  of  a  similar  generous  nature,  and  in  an 
age  who:e  mercenary  motto  is  that  "  Money  talks  "  speaks  wiih  emphasis  \)  "  I  will 
take  One  Hundred  dollars'  worth  of  the  books  ;  I  do  not  wish  them  sent  to  me ;  I 
will  go  for  them  myself,  and  I  shall  scatter  them  in  every  direction."— C.  A.  G.  L*. 

"  I  am  fascinated  with  the  '  Romance  of  History.'    In  my  opinion  God  Is 

using  you  to  make  plain  one  of  His  grandest  objects  In  creation."— Chas.  W. 
Carpenter.  "lam  on  the  second  reading  of  your  book,  and  it  Impresses  me 
more  strongly  than  it  did  at  first."— Thomas  Ridgway  (F,  S.  Army). 

Such  testimonials  continue  to  pour  in,  now  that  the  volume  has  begun  its 
pilgrimage,  and  we  are  convinced  that  they  are  simply  the  "wave  bheaves  "  of  a 
tremendous,  harvest  Help  us  to  reap  it,  for  we  need  laborers  in  the  vineyard. 
Tlie  topic  is  one  that  comes  home  to  every  Anglo-Saxon,  and  at  this  juncture,  in 
a  special  way  to  every  patriotic  American,  who  hereafter  may  truly  say— "I  too 
am  of  Arcadia." 

Send  price  (check,  money  order,  or  postal  note),  with  your  address  to 

The  Our  Race  Publishing  Company, 

P.O.  BOX  1333,  NEW   HAVEN,  CONN. 


MISCELLANEOUS.  231 


WORKS  BY  THE  SAME  AUTHOR. 


YALE  MIL! TARY  LEC TURES.  Selected  from  Series  of  1890.  First 
Section :  National  and  International.  I.  (Introductory) 
Lecture — The  Military  Outlook  at  Home  and  Abroad. 
II.  Military  Economy,  and  the  Policy  of  America.  III. 
The  Military  Problem  of  America,  with  Notes  on  Sea- 
coast  Defence.  IV.  Organization,  Disorganization, 
Reorganization,  Mobilization.  1  Vol.  With  Illustra- 
tions and  Tables.  1890.  Price  50  cts.  Send  orders  to 
Editor  of  "  Our  Race,"  P.  O.  Box  1333,  New  Haven,  Ct. 

The  extra-large  editions  of  the  Neic  Haven  Register,  in  which 
these  lectures  origiually  appeared,  having  been  so  quickly  ex- 
hausted, they  are  now  reproduced  in  convenient  book  form. 
This  is  done  in  order  to  satisfy  the  continued  demand  for  them, 
due,  no  doubt,  not  only  to  the  novel  treatment  of  the  topic  of  the 
Second  Lecture,  but  probably  more  particularly  to  the  Pro- 
phetico-Historical  exegesis  of  "The  Signs  of  the  Times"  con- 
tained in  the  First.  The  whol&  series  is  written  in  the  spirit  of 
Anglo-Saxon  Identity  with  Israel,  and  the  response  from  all  quar- 
ters has  shown  that  the  topic  is  "in  touch"  with  a  hitherto 
deeply  latent,  but  none  the  less  real,  American  sentiment. 

"  These  lectures  are  valuable  historically  and  economically. 
They  deal  with  a  vast  subject,  which  is  of  the  highest  import- 
ance to  the  future  welfare  of  this  nation.  They  are  written  in  a 
popular  vein,  and  are  thus  brought  within  the  easy  understand- 
ing of  all  classes  of  readers,  particularly  those  interested  in  the 
political  and  social  questions  which  concern  our  progress.  We 
recommend  these  lectures  to  the  people." — Editorial,  New 
Haven  Register,  Jan.  13,  1890. 

*•'  The  treatment  of  the  subject  of  your  second  lecture  is  origi- 
nal, and  as  forcible  as  it  is  comprehensive.  It  is  addressed  to  a 
larger  and  more  mature  audience  than  those  usually  found  in  the 
class-room;  and  if  the  whole  course  be  pitched  upon  the  same 
key,  it  will  be  well  worthy  of  publication  in  permanent  form  for 


233  OUR   RACE. 

general  circulation.  "—Fkank  G.  Smith  (Capt.  and  Bvt.  Maj., 
4tli  U.  S.  Arty.). 

"I  feel  that  you  are  doing  a  good  work,  not  only  for  the 
students,  but  also  for  the  general  public." — H.  B.  Bigelow  (Ex- 
Gov.  Conn.). 

"It  is  no  new  thing  to  find  military  men  interesting  them- 
selves in  studies  and  speculations  of  this  nature, — witness  the  case 
of  the  late  Gordon  Pasha, — and  so  there  is  no  real  occasion  for 
surprise  in  the  circumstance  that  Lt.  Totten  ...  is  combiuiDg 
with  his  more  commonplace  and  matter-of-fact  function  that  of 
an  expounder  of  the  prophetical  writings.  He  looks  to  see  the 
existing  governments  of  Europe  give  place  to  democracies,  which 
will  speedily  run  into  atheistical  anarchies  (such  as  the  Paris 
Commune  gave  us  a  glimpse  of  nineteen  years  ago),  and  fill  the 
Old  World  with  bloodshed,  renewing  on  a  vaster  scale,  and  sur- 
passing, the  butcheries  of  the  French  Terror.  One  of  the  lessons 
deduced  by  the  lieutenant  is  an  eminently  practical  and  profes- 
sional one.  He  would  have  this  country  fortify  its  coasts  and 
strengthen  its  navy  betimes,  that,  when  that  lurid  storm  bursts 
upon  the  earth,  it  be  not  taken  unawares  and  at  disadvantage." — 
Editor  Harifm^d  Courant,  February  11,  1890. 

STRATEGOS.  To  which  is  appended  a  collection  of  studies 
upon  Military  Statistics  as  applied  to  war  on  Field 
or  Map.  2  vols.  Illustrated.  D.  Appleton  &  Co.  1880. 
Price,  $3.00. 

"A  careful  consideration  of  the  statisiical  merits  alone  of  this 
work  will  recommend  the  new  line  of  investigation  proposed 
therein  as  worthy  of  the  diligent  study  of  all  concerned." — 
Alex.  Ramsey,  Sec.  of  War. 

"After  a  thoughtful  perusal  of  its  contents,  I  can  only  add 
that  this  very  interesting  publication,  based  upon  the  most  care- 
ful considerations,  warrants  the  possibility  of  an}^  one  following 
these  studies  either  alone  or  in  company  with  comrades,  from  the 
very  simplest  tactical  evolutions,  combinations,  manoeuvres,  and 
battle  plans,  in  systematic  gradations  up  to  military  operations, 
and  also  of  using  the  same  for  the  prosecution  of  the  history  of 
the  later  wars. " — G.  Von  Moltke  (General  Field  Marshal). 


MISCELLANEOUS.  23o 

"It  will  do  much  to  impart  military  knowledge  and  the  sci- 
ence of  Strategy  to  many  who  without  it  would  never  have 
turned  their  attention  in  that  direction." — Garnet  J.  Wolseley. 

"  Concerning  your  method  of  Kriegspiel  I  take  pleasure  in 
testifying  to  the  praiseworthy  distinctness  and  excellent  sys- 
tematic order  of  the  material.  It  contains  so  many  new  and 
practical  hints  for  us,  that  it  was  very  highly  recommended 
already  for  general  study  in  the  Swiss  Military  Journal." — 
H.  Bollinger  (Colonel,  Swiss  Mil.  Academy,  Zurich).  • 

AJ\f  IMPORTANT  QUESTION.  A  study  of  the  Sacred  Cubit  of 
the  Hebrews,  as  the  undoubted  origin  of  Anglo-Saxon 
measures.  1  vol.  Illustrated.  John  Wiley  &  Sons,  53 
East  10th  St.  N.Y.  1887.      Price,  $2.50. 

"  The  more  I  read  of  Lieut.  Totten's  writings  the  more  I  respect 
his  learning,  his  ability,  his  mathematics,  his  chivalry  in  the 
cause,  and  his  religion.  I  am  abstracting  just  now  from  his 
book  (Important  Question)  into  mine,  so  that  I  may  recommend 
readers  to  purchase  his,  and  am  letting  them  know  where  to 
write  for  it."— C  Piazzi  Smyth  Ast.  Roy.,  Scotland. 

"From  the  scientific  standpoint  this  volume  must  receive  wide 
attention.  There  is  something  so  new  and  startling  in  its  method 
of  treating  physical  data,  that  it  seems  as  though  an  entire  scien- 
tific method  had  been  discovered  at  once.  The  volume  is  a  bold 
challenge  to  President  Barnard  and  the  advocates  of  the  metric 
system  to  produce  their  case  and  put  it  upon  the  same  or  an 
equal  basis. " — Army  and  Navy  Journal. 

"After  perusing  such  a  volume  one  can  readily  comprehend 
the  words  of  wisdom  (xi.  20):  '  Thou  hast  ordered  all  things  in 
measure,  number,  and  weight.'  It  is  out  of  the  question  to  review 
such  a  work,  or  to  give  any  consecutive  idea  of  its  contents.  It 
is  one  that  every  Anglo-Saxon  should  study  for  himself." — The 
Evangelist  {N.  T.). 

"  If  the  facts  and  possibilities  suggested  by  Lt.  Totten  in  this 
connection  are  as  stated,  there  can  be  no  doubt  of  the  superiority 
of  our  ancient  and  time-honored  system  over  the  one  which  is 
striving  to  supplant  it."— i\r.  Y.  Herald. 


234  OUR   RACE. 

"  It  contains  new  and  startling  scientific  facts  evolved  in  a 
most  unexpected  way  from  old  and  familiar  things." — N.  Y.  Mail 
and  Express. 

"  The  appendix  upon  the  'Sacred  Cubit '  is  an  extraordinary 
study  in  geometry  and  algebra,  while  the  volume  as  a  whole  is 
a  monument  of  special  learning." — N.  Y.  Times. 

"His  system  of  metrology  is  cosmical ;  to  call  it  ingenious 
would  be  a  tame  meed  of  praise.  It  is  the  development  of  a 
genius. " — International  Standard. 

THE  FACTS   AND  FANCIES,  LEGENDS  AND  LORE,   OF  NATIVITY. 

Illuminated  by  Tiffany  &  Co.  Oblong  8vo,  cloth,  gilt 
edges,  bevelled  boards.  Price,  $5.00.  An  elegant  gift- 
book.    John  Wiley  &  Sons,  53  East  10th  St.  N.  Y.  1887. 

"This  is  one  of  the  most  unique  and  interesting  volumes  that 
ever  came  from  the  American  press,  ...  It  is  a  mosaic  of 
original  ideas  extending  over  the  whole  range  of  legend  and 
literature,  filled  with  facts  and  with  quaint  and  curious  lore.  .  . 
It  is  no  ordinary  birthday  book,  it  is  an  ideal  book  of  Nativities 
challenging  the  curiosity  of  the  curious,  and  furnishing  to  lovers 
of  gem-lore  and  sentiment  an  inexhaustible  mine  of  suggestion, 
information,  and  enjoyment." — Extract  from  review  in  Education, 
March  8,  1888. 

INSTRUCTIONS  IN  GUARD  DUTY.  Complete,  and  for  use  upon 
the  spot.  Prepared  for  the  C.  N.  Guard.  1887.  Lim- 
ited, Vest-Poeket  Edition.  Price  25  cts.  Address  the 
Author,  77  Mansfield  Street,  New  Haven,  Ct. 

This  is  literally  a  vest-pocket  companion,  covers  tbe  whole  sub- 
ject in  a  nut-shell,  is  accurate,  brief,  pertinent,  and  in  conformity 
with  the  customs  of  the  service.  It  is  just  what  the  National 
Guardsman  needs.  It  scans  every  duty,  of  every  grade,  in  con- 
cise notes,  headlines,  and  practical  reminders,  and  absolutely 
suits  the  circumstances  for  which  it  was  intended. 

"  It  would  be  a  good  investment  for  the  Adj.-Gen'l  to  supply 
the  armories  with  a  few  copies  of  this  little  work,  as  it  gets  at  the 
subject  quickly  aud  closely  " — C.  R.  Dennis  (Q.  M.  G.  R.  I.  M.). 


MISCELLANEOUS. 


^35 


"Guard  duty  showed  marked  improvement  at  the  last  en- 
campment, and  with  careful  study  of  the  valuable  manual  '  In- 
structions in  Guard  Duty,'  by  Lieut.  Totten,  U.  S.  A.,  a  number 
of  copies  of  which  will  be  shortly  issued  to  each  compauy,  still 
greater  Improvement  should  be  shown  at  the  next  encampment." 
— Fred'k  E.  Camp  (Adj.  Gen.  C.  N.  G.). 

"Your  book  is  emphatically  one  for  the  'spot,'  and  in  that 
respect  alone,  besides  the  very  thorough  way  in  which  the 
ground  is  covered,  it  deserves  all  that  has  been  said  of  it." — 
Robert  N.  Rolfe  (Capt.  N.  H.  K.  G.). 


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